SigPhiSigPhi

دفاع سقراط (كسينوفون)

زينوفون

اللغة:
الإنجليزية
الحالة:
عمل كامل
التأليف:
كتبه المؤلف بنفسه
حالة النص:
لم يُرصد تشويش في المسح الضوئي (قياس آلي على النص كله، لم يُراجَع يدويًا)
الحجم:
~5,050 كلمة · 24 مقطعًا
استشهد بهذا العمل
  • APAزينوفون. (n.d.). The Apology [دفاع سقراط (كسينوفون)]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ar/works/xenophon/the-apology
  • MLAزينوفون. The Apology [دفاع سقراط (كسينوفون)]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ar/works/xenophon/the-apology.
  • Chicagoزينوفون. The Apology [دفاع سقراط (كسينوفون)]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ar/works/xenophon/the-apology.

مرجع الطبعة المعاد إنتاجها. SigPhi هو النسخة الرقمية. يُذكر العام والناشر والمترجم عند توفرها؛ وتشير «n.d.» إلى أن العام غير معروف.

عمّ يتحدث

دفاع سقراط أمام المحكمة، في نسخة أكسينوفون.

السياق والتاريخ

أقصر بكثير من نسخة أفلاطون وبأطروحة مختلفة: يحاجّ أكسينوفون بأن سقراط ترك نفسه يُدان عن قصد، مفضّلاً الموت في السبعين على الهرم. وهو التفسير القديم الآخر لتلك الميتة، ويُقرأ أحسن إلى جانب نسخة أفلاطون منه وحده.

سياق تحريري، لا مصدر قابل للاقتباس: بخلاف مقاطع العمل نفسه، لا يمكن التحقق من هذه المعلومات في المدونة.

مقتطف من الطبعة المتاحة
As they listened to these words the judges murmured their dissent, some as disbelieving what was said, and others out of simple envy that Socrates should actually receive from heaven more than they themselves; whereupon Socrates returned to the charge. "Come," he said, "lend me your ears while I tell you something more, so that those of you who choose may go to a still greater length in refusing to believe that I am thus highly honoured by the divine powers. Chaerephon [25] once, in the presence of many witnesses, put a question at Delhi concerning me, and Apollo answered that there was no human being more liberal, or more upright, or more temperate than myself." And when once more on hearing these words the judges gave vent, as was only natural, to a fiercer murmur of dissent, Socrates once again spoke: "Yet, sirs, they were still greater words which the god spake in oracle concerning Lycurgus, [26] the great lawgiver of Lacedaemon, than those concerning me. It is said that as he entered the temple the god addressed him with the words: 'I am considering whether to call thee god or man.' Me he likened not indeed to a god, but in excellence [27] preferred me far beyond other men." "Still I would not have you accept this even on the faith of the god too rashly; rather I would have you investigate, point by point, what the god has said. I ask you, is there any one [28] else, you know of, less enslaved than myself to the appetites [29] of the body? Can you name another man of more independent spirit than myself, seeing that I accept from no one either gifts or pay? Whom have you any right to believe to be more just [30] than one so suited with what he has, that the things of others excite no craving in him? [31] Whom would one reasonably deem wise, rather than such a one as myself, who, from the moment I began to understand things spoken, [32] have never omitted to inquire into and learn every good thing in my power?…

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