case that a man does not give of the second Myazda, O Spitama Zarathustra! which is that of the Mai- dhyd-shema, then let 2 the Ratu to whom the Myazda should come, and who has the person under his guidance, expel that disciple, since he comes without his Myazda, as he would a man who refuses to recite his vows, from among the ntimber of the Mazda- * Not ‘renders him (detected) among the Mazdayasnians, compare for form aatarl-mrfiyS; see also fra-dasti and fra-perena- oiti; also die present may be used for the imperative.
Afr1n[-agAn] i.
Afr1n[-agAn] i.
worshippers. 9. In the case that a man does not give of the third Myazda, O Spitama Zarathmtra! which is that of Paiti-rhahya, then let the Ratu who ought to receive that Myazda, and who has had the person under his guidance, expel that disciple which brings no Myazda, as a detected 1 reprobate,, from among the number of the Mazdayasnians. 10. In case that a man does not offer of the fourth Myazda, O Spitama Zarathustra! which is that of the Ay&thrima, let the Ratu who ought to receive that Myazda, and who has the person under his guidance, expel that dis- ciple, since he brings no Myazda, as a refuse 2 beast from among the number of the Mazdayasnians. x 1. In the case that a man does not give of the fifth Myazda, which is that of the Maidhyairya, then let the Ratu to whom that Myazda belongs as a perquisite, and who has that person under his guidance, expel him, since he brings no Myazda, as an alien 3, from among the number of the Mazdayasnians. 12. In case that a man does not give of the sixth Myazda, which is that of the H amaspathmaed'naya, O Spitama Zara- thustra! let the Ratu to whom that Myazda belongs as a perquisite, and who has this person under his discipline to learn him the lore of Ahura, expel him, (as ignorant) since he brings no Myazda, from among the number of the Mazdayasnians. 13. And let him decry him afterwards without hesitation 4, and drive 5 him out; and let that Ratu lay upon him after- 1 Possibly ‘ having a breast burnt by the ordeal,’ and so * detected; ’ or * hot-breasted, vehement ’ (?); comp, liras.
s It may be ‘(his) excluded beast,’ or ‘his stray beast’ (?).
5 Or, possibly, ‘ he is rejected when offering himself as arrived from the settlements ’ (?).
5 Syazdayoi/.
Afr{n[-agan] I.
wards the expiating deeds without reserve; and in accordance with these rules, let the disciple treat the Ratu. (Let him beware of failure to bring his Myazda, or if he fails let the disciple bear, as is befitting, what is due.) A blessing is Righteousness (called) the Best, it is weal, it is weal for this (man) when toward Righteousness Best there is right 14. I bless with my prayer the royal Province-chiefs (who are faithful worshippers) of Ahura Mazda, the resplendent, the glorious, (beseeching) for superior strength for them, and for more important victory, and more influential rule, and desiring for them fur- ther authoritative power, and helpful support, and long duration to their reign, and the prolonged vitality of their frames, and health. 15- And I pray in my benediction for strength well-shaped and stately of growth, and which smites victoriously, Ahura- made, and crashing, and for an ascendency abun- dantly subduing all who are filled with furious hate, assaulting the evil-minded enemies, and destroying, as if at once, the deadly, godless 1 foes.
16. And I pray in my blessing that he (the province-governor) may conquer in victorious battles every malicious foe, and each malignant, profane -in thoughts, and words, and actions, (17) that he may indeed be constantly victorious in his own religious thoughts, and words, and deeds, and unvarying in the smiting of every foe, and of every Da£va- worshipper, and that he may, as he proceeds 2, be well rewarded, and of good repute, possessing a far- foreseeing preparation of the soul. iB. And I pray wit h blessings thus: Live thou long and blessed be » Recall y6i zazentS vanghiu sravahi.
thou, ‘ hail ’ to thee; live for the aid of holy men, and for the crushing of the evil; and I pray for Heaven (for the^) the best world of the saints, shining, all glorious. And thus may it happen as I pray — \ 19. And I bless in my prayer the sacrifice, and homage, and the strength, and swiftness of the day-lords during daylight, and of the lords of the days in their length, of the month-lords, and the year-lords, and of the lords of the seasons 1 2 * (in their course), and for the worship, homage, propitiation, and praise of the lofty lord who is the Righteous Ritual itself, and of those lords of the ritual who are of all the greatest, and who are the lords of the ritual at the time of Havani, for Maidhyo-zaremaya the lord, [(or) for Maidhy6-shema the lord, (or) for Paituhahya 2 the lord, or for Ayathrima, Maidhyairya, or Hamaspath- ma£dhaya 2+s ].
1. As the Ahti is (revered and) to be chosen, so (is) the Ratu (one who rules) from the Righteous Order, a creator of mental goodness, and of life’s actions done for Ahura, and the Kingdom (is) to Mazda; which to the poor may offer a nurturer.
I confess myself a Mazda-worshipper — for the praise of Ahura Mazda, the resplendent, the glorious, and of the Bountiful Immortals, for the bountiful and 1 See Y. XXXV, 2. The Ahuna follows..
* The name varies with the season in which the sacrifice is made.
4 Recited during the days called after the Gathas, the last five of the year. A long period of time must have elapsed since the G&thas were composed, as. they probably were not originally ‘five,’ and yet seem to have been only remembered, as such.
Afr!n[-agAn] hi.
Jioly Gathas which rule in the ritual order. (Pro- pitiation and praise be) to the Githa Ahunavaiti, and to the Githa Ustavaiti, to the Githa Spe»ti-mainyu, and to the Githa Vohu-khshathra, and to the Githa Vahi.rt6i.rti. 2. Propitiation to the Fravashis of the saints, the mighty, overwhelming, even to those of the saints of yore, who held the primeval faith (the Githic faith), and to those of the next of kin.
3. We sacrifice to Ahura Mazda, the resplendent, the glorious; and we sacrifice to the Amesha Spe«ta who rule aright, and who dispose (of all aright). And we sacrifice to the bounteous and holy Githas, which rule (as the first) in the ritual order.
We sacrifice to the Githa Ahunavaiti, the holy, as it rules in the ritual order; and we sacrifice to the Githa Ustavaiti, the holy, as it rules in the ritual order; and we sacrifice to the Githa Spe»ti-mainyu, the holy, as it rules in the ritual order; and wesacri- fice to the Githa Vohu-khshathra, the holy, as it rules in the ritual order; and we sacrifice to the Githa Vahi.st6i.rti, the holy, as it rules in the ritual III. Afr!n[-agAn] 2 rapithvin i. I confess myself a Mazda-worshipper, of Zara- thurtxa’s order, a foe to the Daivas, devoted to the lore of the Lord, for Rapithwina, the holy lord of the ritual order, for sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise, and for Frida^-fshu 3 and Zawtuma 4, A, *To be recited on the third day (Ardibahirt) of the first month (FravardinV 3 A genius who furthered cattle. _ 4 The genius of the Zawtu, presiding over this Gfih Rapithvin.
afrin[-agan] III.
the holy lord(s) of the ritual order. 2. And toAhura Mazda, the resplendent, the glorious, and to the Bountiful Immortals, be propitiation, and to Asha Vahlyta (who is Righteousness the Best), and to the Fire, Ahura Mazda’s son, and to all the holy Yazads, heavenly and earthly, and to the Fravashis of the saints, the mighty and overwhelming —.
3. For thus did Ahura Mazda speak to Spitama ZarathuJtra the word which was spoken for the ritual time of the Rapithwina, (saying): Ask us, O holy Zarathuytra \ what are Thy questions to be asked of us 1 2, for Thy question is as that mighty one when Thy ruler speaks his mighty wish \ 4. Then Zarathuytra asked Ahura Mazda: O Ahura Mazda, most boun- tiful 3 creator of the material worlds and holy! what does that man acquire, what does he merit, what re- ward shall there be for that man (5) who shall recite the Rapithwina office with the Rapithwina prayer for blessing, and who shall sacrifice with 4 * the Rapithwina office with hands (well) washed, and with (well) washed mortars, with the Baresman spread, and with Haoma high uplifted, and with fire brightly flaming, with Ahuna-vairya loud intoned, with Haoma- moistened tongue, and with a body Mathra-bound? 6. And Ahura Mazda answered him: As the wind from the southern quarter, O Spitama! causes the entire material world to advance and to increase, and as it will bless it®, rejoice it, and cause it to progress 8, such a like reward does such a, man receive, (7) who 1 Erroneous. * Ahmai; see Y. XLIII, 10 with rhmS..
5 Saoshyatiia; or can saoshyawti be a locative absolute, preserving a fuller form ^ * Or, ‘ causes it to enter into helpful joy’ (?).
afr{n[-agan] III.
recites the Rapithwina-ratu with the Rapithwina blessing, and sacrifices with 1 it with (well) washed hands, and mortars, with Baresman spread, and Haoma lifted, with fire brightly flaming, and with Ahuna-vairya loud intoned, and with Haoma-mois- tened tongue, and a body Mathra-bound! 8. Thus hath Ahura Mazda declared to Spitama Zarathurtra the worid which (should be) spoken at the Rapithwina THE GAHS.
THE GAHS.
The Gzths are the five divisions of the day. The H&vani from 6 to io A.M., the Rapithwina from 10 A.M. to 3 P.M., the Uzay&irina from 3 to 6 P.M., the Aiwisrdthdma from 6 to 12 P.M., the Ushahina from 12 P.M. to 6 A.M. The Gahs here following are prayers which must be recited at the Gahs of the day; hence their name 1 *.
I. THE GAH HAVAN Unto Ahura Mazda be propitiation. A blessing is Righteousness (called) the Best —.
1. I confess myself a Mazda-worshipper, of Zara- thmtra’s order, a foe to the Daevas, devoted to the lore of the Lord, for the holy H&vani, regulator of the ritual order, for its sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise, and for S&vanghi and V Isya, the righteous regulator^) of the ritual order, for their homage, sa- crifice, propitiation, and praise, and for those of the Asnya, the day-lords during daylight, and the Ayara, lords of the days in their length, and for the Mahya, the month-lords, and the Yairya, year-lords, and for those of the especial seasons.
2. And to Mithra of the wide pastures, of the thousand ears, of the myriad eyes, the Yazad of the spoken name 3, be sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise, and to Ramap jYzj&stra.
3. 4. And we sacrifice to Ahura Mazda the ho y 1 The term Gah, itself, may have arisen from the practice of Anting the Gathas at different fixed times in the day.
* To be recited every day at the time.of HSvani.
* Having a special Yaxt.
lord of the ritual Order, and to Zarathurtra, and to the Fravashi of Zarathu-rtra, the saint. And we sacrifice to the Bounteous Immortals, (the guardians) of the saints, and to the good, heroic, and bounteous Fra- vashis of the saints (of the. living and of the dead), of the bodily, and of those in heaven. And we sacrifice to the highest of the lords, the one that most attains its ends; and we sacrifice to the most strenuous of the Yazads, the most satisfying of the lords of the ritual order, the one who reaches (what he seeks), the most infallibly of those who have -as yet approached the nearest in the ritual, even to the timely prayer of the saint who rules in the ritual order. 5. And we sacrifice to the Havani, the holy lord of the ritual order, and to the Universal Weal, the holy, ruling in the ritual order, and to Deathless- ness, the holy, ruling in the ritual order. And we sacrifice to the question and lore of the holy lord of the ritual. And we sacrifice to that heroic mighty Yasna, the Haptanghiiti, the lord of the ritual order. 6. And we sacrifice to S&vanghi and Visya, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order; and we sacrifice to the AirymiA-ishyo \ the holy lord of the ritual order, the powerful, victoriously smiting, that which no hate can reach, which overwhelms all torments, and which passes over all torments with victory, which is the uppermost, and the middle, and the foremost, for the effective invocation of that surpassing Mathra, the five Gathas.
7, 8. And we sacrifice to Mithra of the wide pas- tures —, and to Riman ZZzdstra, for the worship and exaltation of Vfsya, the chief. And we sacrifice to 1 The personified prayer; see Y. LIV.
gAh- ii. 381 Visya, the holy lord of the ritual order, and to Mithra, and to Raman AfoAstra —.
9-1 1. And we sacrifice to thee, the Fire, O Ahura Mazda’s son, the holy lord of the ritual order. And we sacrifice to this Baresman which has the Zaojhra with it, and the girdle with it, and which is spread with exact sanctity, itself the holy lord. And we sacrifice to the ApSm-napA/, and to Nairya-sangha, and to that Yazad, the swift curse of the wise. And we sacrifice to the souls of the dead, [which are the Fravashis of the saints]. And we worship that exalted Lord who is Ahura Mazda, the highest object of the ritual order, who is the one who has attained the most to homage in the ritual. And we sacrifice to all the words which Zarathurtra spake, and to all the deeds well done, and to those which shall yet be done in days to come. (And) we sacrifice to that male one of beings whose (gift) in the offering Ahura doth know to be better, and of female saints, the same. As the Ahft is to be (revered and) chosen, so (is) the Ratu, one who rules from the Righteous Order, a creator of mental goodness, and of life’s actions done for Mazda, and the Kingdom (is) to Ahura, which to the poor shall offer a nurturer —.
II. GAH RAPITHVIN 1.
1. Propitiation to Ahura Mazda. A blessing is Asha Vahiita. I confess as a Mazda-worshipper, and of Zarathurtra’s order — for Rapithwina, the holy lord of the ritual order, for sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and for praise, and for F rAdaf-fshu and Za»tuma, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order, for sacrifice, homage.
1 Recited every day at the hour of Rapithwina.
gAh ii.
propitiation, and for praise. 2. And propitiation be to Asha Vahrita, and to Ahura Mazda’s Fire, for sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise 1. 3, 4.
5. And we sacrifice to the Rapithwina, the holy lord of the ritual order, and to the GAtha Ahunavaiti, the holy, and ruling in the ritual order; and to the GAtha Urtavaiti, and to the GAtha Spe»tA-mainyu, and to the GAtha Vohu-khshathra, and to the GAtha V ahritoirti, holy, and ruling in the ritual order. 6. And ive sa- crifice to Frada?-fshu, and to Za«tuma, and to the Fshftshd-mathra, even to the word correctly spoken, and we sacrifice to the (many) words correctly spoken, even to the victorious ones which slay the Demon- gods (the Daevas 2 ). And we sacrifice to the waters and the lands, and to the plants, and to the heavenly Yazads who are givers of the holy and the good. And we sacrifice to the Bountiful Immortals, (the guardians) of the saints.
7. And we sacrifice to the good, heroic, bountiful Fravashis of the saints, and to the heights of Asha (called) VahLrta, and. to the greatest Mathras as moving us to action, the greatest as teaching faith- fulness to holy vows, the greatest as referring to actions which are evidently just, and the greatest for the acquisition of the Mazdayasnian Faith. 8. And we sacrifice to that assembly and reunion which the Bountiful Immortals hold when they gather (?) on the heights of Heaven, for the sacrifice and homage of Za^tuma, the lord.
And we (therefore) sacrifice to Zawtuma (as) the holy lord of the ritual order. 9. And we sacrifice 1 The Ahuna follows.
2 Zarathiutra conquered the Demon with the Ahuna-vairya.
gAh hi.
to Asha VahLrta (who is Righteousness the Best), and to the Fire, Ahura Mazda’s son —. 10. Yea, we sacri- fice to Thee, the Fire, Ahura Mazda’s son, the holy ritual lord —.
I bless the sacrifice, homage, strength, and swift- ness of Asha Vahbta, and of the Fire, of Ahura Mazda —. And to this one be the glory!
III. gAh UZIREN 1.
1. Propitiation to Ahura Mazda! A blessing is Asha VahLsta —. I confess myself a Mazdayasnian of the order of Zarathustra, a foe to the Daevas, devoted to the lore of the Lord, for the U zay&rina, the holy lord of the ritual order, for sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise, and for Fr£da/-vlra and Da£»yuma, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order, for their sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise. 2. And to that lofty Ahura, Apam-napai, and to the waters which Mazda created be sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise 2! 3, 4. (G. I, 3, 4.) 5. We sacrifice to the Uza- y&rina, the holy lord of the ritual order. And we sa- crifice to the Zaotar, the holy lord of the ritual order, and to the Havanan, and to the Atarevakhsha, and to the Frabaretar, and to the Abere/, and to the Asnatar, and the Ra£thwiricar, and to the Sraoshivareza, holy lords of the ritual order. 6- And we sacrifice to Frada/-vira and Da^yuma, the holy lord of the ritual order. And we sacrifice to the stars, the moon, and the sun, and to the constellations (?), and we sacrifice to the stars without beginning {to their course?), and to the glory of the doctrinal proclama- 1 Recited every day at the hour of Uzay&rina.
2 The Ahuna follows.
gAh iv.
tions which are the evil man’s distress 1. 7. And we sacrifice to the manifest performer of the truth (the correct maintainer of the rites), the holy lord of the ritual order. And we sacrifice to the later lore; yea, we sacrifice to the manifest fulfiller of the truth, and to the (entire) creation of the holy (and the clean) by day and by night with Zaothras together with offered prayers, for the sacrifice and homage of Da^&yuma, the lord. And we sacrifice to Da^&yuma, the holy lord of the ritual order. 8. And we sacrifice to that lofty and royal lord, the brilliant Apam- napA/ of the fleet horses; and we sacrifice to the water which is Mazda-made and holy. 9, 10. And we sacrifice to thee, the Fire, Ahura Mazda’s son 2. 1 1 s. And I bless the sacrifice, homage, strength, and swiftness of that lofty Ahura NapA^-apSm, and of the water which Mazda created 4.
IV. gAh aiwisrOthrima 5.
1. Propitiation be to Ahura Mazda. A blessing is Asha Vahi-rta —. I confess myself a Mazdayasnian, and of Zarathuitra’s order, a foe to the Daevas, devoted to the lore of the Lord, for Aiwisrfithrima, and Aibigaya 6, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order, for their sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise, and for F r&daf-vispSm-hu/y&iti 7 and Zarathustrbtema *, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order, for their sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise. 2. And to the 1 See Y. XLV, 7. 8 The Yfehe hatam here follows.
* The Ahuna follows. 4 The Ashem follows.
* Recited every day at the hour of Aiwisrfithrima.
* Or, ‘ that furthers life.’
7 The genius presiding over all that furthers happiness.
8 The genius presiding over the highest office in a province.
Fravashis of the saints, and to the women who have many sons, and to that prosperity of home which lasts without reverse throughout the year, and to Strength, well-shaped and stately, and to the victorious Blow Ahura-given, and for the crushing Ascendency which it bestows, (to all) be propitiation —. 3, 4. (See Gih I, 3, 4.) 5. And we sacrifice to Aiwisrftthrima (and) Aibigaya, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order, and to thee, O Ahura Mazda’s Fire! And we sacri- fice to the stone-mortar, and to the iron-mortar, and to this Baresman spread with sanctity, with the Zaothra, and with its girdle, holy lords of the ritual order. Also we sacrifice to the sacred two, to the waters and the plants, and to the sacred vows for the soul, (as) holy lord(s) of the ritual order. 6. Also we sacrifice to F rclda/-vlspam-hug r y&iti (as) ruling in the ritual order; and we sacrifice to Zara- thortra, the holy lord of the ritual; also we sacrifice to the Mathra Spewta, (the bounteous word of reason 1 ), and to the soul of the Kine, and to the Zarathmtrdtema 2. 7. Also we sacrifice to the Firepriest, the holy lord of the ritual order, and to the -charioteer (the warrior), the holy lord of the ritual order. Also we sacrifice to the thrifty tiller of the earth, the holy lord of the ritual order. And we sacri- fice to the house-lord, and to the village-chief, and to the Zawtu-chief, and to the province-chief of the province, the holy lord of the ritual, order 8. And we sacrifice to the vouth of the good thoughts good words, and good deeds, even to the youth of good conscience, the ho ly lord of the ritual order; yea, we \ The Gathas and Vendid&d; the first verse of the G4thas mentions the Kine's soul.
c c sacrifice to the youth of the spoken word (who spoke the words which we hold so dear *), the holy lord of the ritual order. Yea, we sacrifice to the youth who is given to his kin (and married to his blood), the holy lord of the ritual order. And we sacrifice to him who ranges through the province z, and to the itinerant with his many arts 1 2 3, the holy ritual lords. And we sacrifice to the house-mistress, holy, and ruling in the ritual order. 9. And we sacrifice to the holy woman forward * in good thoughts, and words, and deeds, receiving her instructions well, having her husband as her lord, the holy, and such as Aramaiti, the bounteous, is, and such as are thy wives, O Mazda, Lord!
And we sacrifice to the holy man most forward in good thoughts, and words, and works, wise as to piety, simple as to sin, by whose deeds the settle- ments advance in the holy order, for the worship and homage of the Zarathurtrotema, the lord. And we sacrifice to the Zarathmtrotema, the holy lord of the ritual order. 10. And we sacrifice to the good, heroic, bountiful Fravashis of the saints, and to the women who have many sons, and to that Prosperity which endures throughout the year, and to the well- shaped and stately Strength. And we sacrifice to the Blow of Victory, Ahura-given, and to the crushing Ascendency which it secures, it, 12. (See G&h I, 9, 10.) 13. (The Ahuna-vairya, &c.)
1 See Yar. XXII.
2 It is very probable that the Yasna was at that period celebrated from house to house.
$ Medical?
4 Is it possibly, 4 favouring good thoughts/ &c.?
GAH V.
v. gAh USHAHINA i, Propitiation to Ahura Mazda. I confess myself a Mazda-worshipper, of the order of Zarathu-rtra, a foe to die Daevas, devoted to the lore of the Lord, for the Ushahina, for sacrifice, homage, propitiation, and praise, and to Berefya and N manya, the holy lord(s) of the ritual order. 2. Propitiation he to Sraosha (Obedience) the blessed, endowed with recompense, smiting with the blow of victory, and causing the settlements to advance and to increase.
hina, the holy lord of the ritual order; and we sacrifice to the beautiful Aurora, and to the dawn of morning; yea, we sacrifice tothe morning, the shining 1 2, of the glittering horses, having the men of forethought (as its servants), yea,; having men of forethought and heroes (awake and at their work), to the morning which gives light within the house 3. And we sacrifice to the lights of dawn which are radiant with their light and fleetest horses which sweep over (?) the seven- fold earth. And we sacrifice to Ahura Mazda, the holy lord of the ritual order, and to the. Good Mind, and to Asha Vahrita (who is Righteousness the Best), and to Khshathra-vairya, and to Aramaiti, the boun- teous, and the good.
6. And we sacrifice to Berefya, even the holy lord of the ritual order, even to Nmftnya with the longing desire for the good Asha, and with the longing desire for the good Mazdayasnian law, for the worship 1 Recited every day at die hour of Ushahina.
2 So, better than ‘ royal/ which is, however, possible.
3 Or, ‘ while it abides/ gAh v.
and homage of N mAnya, the lord. 7. And we sacrifice to Sraosha, and to Rashnu, the most just, and to Arrta/, who causes the settlements to advance and to increase. 8, 9. (See GAh I, 9, 10.) 10. And I bless the sacrifice, homage, strength, and swiftness of Sraosha (Obedience) the blessed, endowed with sanctity, smiting with the blow of victory, and who causes the settlements to advance; and I bless the sacrifice of Rashnu, the most just, and that of AritA/, who causes the settlements to advance and to in- 1 The Ashem and the Ahmai ra&r£a.
crease 1.
MISCELLANEOUS FRAGMENTS.
I.
1. (An incitation to the priest or worshipper.) As thou keepest company with the Good Mind, and with Righteousness the Best, and with Khshathra- vairya (the Kingdom to be desired), speak to the male and female disciples of Zarathurtra Spitama the saint, (and declare) the praise which is to be spoken, that of the Yasna, even the words against which no anger 1 shall prevail.
2. And do thou, O Zarathurtra 2! declare our words for sacrifice and worship, ours, the Bountiful Immortals’, that the waters may (thus) be sacrificed to by thee, and the plants, the Fravashis of the saints, and the created Yazads, heavenly and earthly, which are holy and beneficent.
' II.
i. I confess myself a Mazda-worshipper— for the praise of Thraetaona, the Athwyan. Let them de- clare it—. Propitiation be to the Fravashi of Thrafe- taona, the Athwyan, the saint 2. We sacrifice to Thradtaona, the Athwyan, the holy lord of the ritual order; and may we be free from the dog Kuro s, and the Tarewani 3, and the Karpan, (we who are) of* those who sacrifice in order. 3. (The Ahuna 1 Others ‘ the unrestricted words.', 2 Perhaps ‘ Zarathurtra f is here merely the equivalent of 5 pnest 3 Ohcrnre 4 Awkward formations.
MISCELLANEOUS FRAGMENTS.
follows.) Sacrifice, homage, strength, and swiftness be to the Fravashi of Thraetaona, the saint. (The Ahem and Ahm&i r&tska. follow.)
III.
i. All good thoughts-, and all good words, and all good deeds are thought, and spoken, and done with intelligence; and all evil thoughts, and words, and deeds are thought, and spoken, and done with folly. 2. And let (the men who think, and speak, and do) all good thoughts, and words, and deeds inhabit 1 Heaven (as their home). And let those who think, and speak, and do evil thoughts, and words, and deeds abide in Hell. For to all who think good thoughts, speak good words, and do. good deeds. Heaven, the best world, belongs. And Ibis is evident, and as of course (?) (or, ‘and therewith their seed’).
IV.
1. I proclaim the Airy^mS.-ishy6 as the greatest of all authoritative prayers, O Spitama! as the most influential and helpful for progress; and may the Saoshyawts (who would further us) use it and revere it.
2. I am speaking in accordance with it, G Spitama!
and therefore I shall rule as sovereign over creatures which are mine, I who am. Ahura Mazda. Let no one rule as Angra Mainyu 2 3 * over realms that are his own, O Zarathiutra Spitama! 3- Let Angra Mainyu be hid beneath the earth s. Let the Daevas likewise 2 Insert ‘ of the evil faith. 7 3 In Y. IX, 14, is, it is the. Ahuna-vairya which drives the DaSvas beneath the earth.
MISCELLANEOUS FRAGMENTS.
disappear. Let the dead arise (unhindered by these foes), and let bodily life be sustained in these now lifeless bodies.
V.
1. To Ahura Mazda, the radiant, the glorious, to the Bountiful Immortals, to Force well-shaped and stately, to the Blow of Victory, Ahura-given, to the Victorious Ascendency (which it secures), to the path of pleasantness, to the good Zarenuma»t\ to the * Glowing ’ Mountain made by Mazda, and to all the Yazads! 2. We sacrifice to Ahura Mazda, the radiant, the glorious, and to the Bountiful Immortals who rule aright, who dispose (of all) aright, and to Force well-shaped and stately, and to the Blow of Victory, and to the Ascendency of Victory, and to the path of pleasantness, and to Zarenuma«t, the good, which Mazda created, and to the ‘ Glowing ’ Mount, and to every saint.
VI*.
' Propitiation be to the created body of the Kine of blessed endowment, and to the Kine s soul (so, if there is one cow presented 3 ). Propitiation be to the body and soul of you two (so, if there are two *)• To your body and soul (if there acre three, or the entire herd s ). (The Ahuna follows.)
1 According to the Bundahii, the name of a lake.
* This fragment was spoken when the milk was drawn from the cow, or cows, for the offering, and when the water was received with which the udder of the cow was to be washed (Sp. transL voL iii, p, 2540 * These words are\in Persian introduced as rubric.
MISCELLANEOUS FRAGMENTS.
VII *.
i. To the good waters, and to all the waters which Mazda created, and to that lofty lord, Apam-napi/, and to thee, O Ahurian One of Ahura, that water which Mazda created! be sacrifice, homage, propitia- tion, and praise. (The Ahuna follows.) 2. We utter our praises forth to thee, O Ahurian One of Ahura! and we complete good sacrifices, and deeds of adora- tion, with good gifts of offering, and gifts with praise, which are appropriate to thee among the holy Yazads. I will seek to render thee content. I will pour thee out. [Let them now recite the lofty Gathas which belong to the ritual.]
1. The moons* of the season will wane. Let the Mazdayasnian (pray) for a smiter who may destroy quickly (the demon who causes their decrease). And quickly indeed may the malignant one die off —. For no one of her adherents can maintain this Dru^(k) by prayers.
2. Smiting fiercely 3 with her weapon, -she, the Druf(k), goes on, and most mighty she has been. And she wanders on, O Zarathurtra! as mindful of her might, and strong 4 in proportion as she advances 1 This was to be spoken when the vessel containing the Zaothras was taken in hand (Sp.).
* This fragment is very much broken in its connections, and most corrupt in its grammatical forms. The translation is entirely conjectural. Section IX has also irregularities.
* Some form of dva may be conjectured.
MISCELLANEOUS FRAGMENTS.
as the sinful Dru^(k). But may Khshathra 1 be with me —, so that...the deadly one may die away, for thereupon the blow of destruction shall come upon the Dru^k) 2.
IX.
i. The Ahuna-vairya is a prayer to be (revered and) chosen as the choice one of Mazda. The Khshathra-vairya is likewise such, and the Yd dadna 3. They (it) will gain the reward. Yathd ahd vairyo. It is the word of Mazda. They are the words in season. It is the Mathra-spewta word, the unsubdued, the undeceived, the victorious, the opponent of malice, the healing and victorious word of Mazda, which, as it is pronounced 4, gives most the victory to him who utters it 2. I have declared the. hymn which is most helpful and victo- rious against the words of Aeshma, which is health- giving and healing, and conducive to progress, the multiplier, and the furtherer of growth. And let the worshipper present it with a liberal offering...with its pleasing words. Let that be done through veritable grace which helps us on the most 6. The Kingdom (is) to Ahura, which to the poor may grant a nurtuier * So I conjecture as the commencing words of some piece.
* Last line of the Ahuna.