CHARLEMAGNE, orders as to the selection of stallions, 20.
CHARTLEY, wild cattle of, 3.
CHATÉ, reversion of the upper seeds in the pods of stocks, 26.
CHAUNDY, Mr., crossed varieties of cabbage, 17.
CHEETAH, general sterility of, in captivity, 18.
CHERRIES, 10 (2); —variety of, with curled petals, 21; —period of vegetation of, changed by forcing, 24.
CHEVREUL, on crossing fruit-trees, 17.
CHICKENS, differences in characters of, 7 (2); —white, liable to gapes, 21, 25.
CHIGOE, 23.
CHILE, sheep of, 3.
CHILLINGHAM cattle, identical with _Bos primigenius,_ 3; —characters of, 3.
CHILOE, half-castes of, 13.
CHINA, cats of, with drooping ears, 1; —horses of, 2; —striped ponies of, 2; —asses of, 2; —notice of rabbits in, by Confucius, 4; —breeds of pigeons reared in, 6; —breeds of fowls of, in fifteenth century, 7 (2).
CHINCHILLA, fertility of, in captivity, 18.
CHINESE, selection practised by the, 20; —preference of the, for hornless rams, 20; —recognition of the value of native breeds by the, 24.
CHINESE, or Himalayan rabbit, 4.
“CHIVOS,” a breed of cattle in Paraguay, 3.
CHOUX-RAVES, 9.
CHRIST, H., on the plants of the Swiss Lake-dwellings, 9 (2); CHRYSANTHEMUM, 11.
CINERARIA, effects of selection on the, 20.
CIRCASSIA, horses of, 16.
CIRCUMCISION, 12.
CIRRIPEDES, metagenesis in, 27.
_Cistus,_ intercrossing and hybrids of, 10, 12, 17.
CITRONS, 10 (2).
CLAPHAM, A., bud-variation in the hawthorn, 11.
CLARK, G., on the wild dogs of Juan de Nova, 1; —on striped Burmese and Javanese ponies, 2; —breeds of goats imported into the Mauritius, 3; —variations in the mammæ of goats, 3; —bilobed scrotum of Muscat goat, 3.
CLARK, H. J., on fission and gemmation, 27.
CLARKE, R. T., intercrossing of strawberries, 10.
CLARKE, T., hybridisation of stocks, 11, 15.
CLARKSON, Mr., prize-cultivation of the gooseberry, 10.
CLASSIFICATION, explained by the theory of natural selection, Introduction.
CLEFT palate, inheritance of, 12.
CLEMENTE, on wild vines in Spain, 10.
CLERMONT-TONNERRE, on the St. Valéry apple, 11.
CLIMATE, effect of, upon breeds of dogs, 1; —on horses, 2 (2); —on cattle, 3 (2); —on the fleece of sheep, 3 (2); —on seeds of wheat, 9; —on cultivated cabbages, 9; —adaptation of maize to, 9.
CLIMATE and pasture, adaptation of breeds of sheep to, 3 (2).
CLIMATE and soil, effects of, upon strawberries, 10.
CLINE, Mr., on the skull in horned and hornless rams, 25.
CLOS, on sterility in _Ranunculus ficaria,_ 18.
CLOTZSCH, hybrids of various trees, 17.
CLOVER, pelorism in, 26.
COATE, Mr., on interbreeding pigs, 17.
COCCUS of apple-trees, 21.
COCHIN fowls, 7 (5); —occipital foramen of, figured, 7; —section of skull of, figured, 7; —cervical vertebra of, figured, 7.
COCHINEAL, persistence of, 21; —preference of, for a particular cactus, 23.
COCK, game, natural selection in, 21; —spur of, grafted on the comb, 24; —spur of, inserted into the ear of an ox, 27; —effect of castration upon the, 13.
COCK’S-COMB, varieties of the, 10.
COCOONS of silkworms, variations in, 8.
CODFISH, bulldog, 3; —number of eggs in the, 27.
COLIN, prepotency of the ass over the horse, 14; —on change of diet, 24.
COLLINSON, PETER, peach-tree producing a nectarine, 10.
COLORATION in pigeons, an evidence of unity of descent, 6.
COLOUR, correlation of, in dogs, 1; —persistence of, in horses, 2; —inheritance and diversity of, in horses, 2; —variations of, in the ass, 5; —of wild or feral cattle, 5; —transmission of, in rabbits, 4; —peculiarities of, in Himalayan rabbits, 4; —influence of, 21; —correlation of, in head and limbs, 25; —correlated with constitutional peculiarities, 25.
COLOUR and odour, correlation of, 25.
—more common in men than in women, 14 (2); —associated with inability to distinguish musical sounds, 25.
COLOURS, sometimes not blended by crossing, 15.
—the parent of domestic breeds of pigeons, 6; —figured, 5; —skull figured, 5; —lower jaw figured, 5; _Columba migratoria_ and _leucocephala,_ diminished fertility of, in captivity, 18.
COLUMBIA, cattle of, 6. COLUMBINE, double, 10, 25.
COLUMBUS, on West Indian dogs, 1.
COLUMELLA, on Italian shepherd dogs, 1; —on the keeping of ducks, 8; —on the selection of seed-corn, 9; —on the benefits of change of soil to plants, 18; —on the value of native breeds, 24.
COLZA, 9.
COMB, in fowls, variations of, 7; COMPENSATION, law of, 7.
COMPENSATION of growth, 26.
COMPLEXION, connection of, with constitution, 25.
COMPOSITÆ, double flowers of, 10, 18, 24.
CONCEPTION, earlier in Alderney and Zetland cows than in other breeds, 3.
CONDITIONS of life, changed, effect of, 28; —on horses, 2; —upon variation in pigeons, 6; —upon wheat, 9; —upon trees, 10; —advantages of, 18; —sterility caused by, 18; —conducive to variability, 22; —accumulative action of, 22; —direct action of, 23.
CONDOR, breeding in captivity, 18.
CONFINEMENT, effect of, upon the cock, 17.
CONFUCIUS, on the breeding of rabbits in China, 4.
CONOLLY, Mr., on Angora goats, 25.
CONSTITUTIONAL differences in sheep, 3; —in varieties of apples, 10; —in dahlias, 10.
CONSTITUTIONAL peculiarities in strawberries, 10; —in roses, 10.
CONSUMPTION, hereditary, 12; —period of appearance of, 14; —correlated with complexion, 25.
COOPER, Mr., improvement of vegetables by selection, 20.
COOPER, WHITE, hereditary peculiarities of vision, 12; —association of affections of the eyes with those of other systems, 25.
CORALS, bud-variation in, 11; CORBIÉ, _See_ Boitard.
CORDEMOZ, Dr., seedless plants, 18.
CORNEA, opacity of, inherited, 12.
CORRELATION, 25; —of neighbouring parts, 25; —of change in the whole body, and in some of its parts, 25; —of homologous parts, 25; —commingling of, with the effects of other agencies, 25.
CORRELATION of skull and limbs in swine, 3; —of tusks and bristles in swine, 3; —of multiplicity of horns and coarseness of wool in sheep, 3; —of beak and feet in pigeons, 5 (2); —between nestling down and colour of plumage in pigeons, 6; —of changes in silkworms, 8; —in plants, 20; —in maize, 9; —in pigeons, 5; —in fowls, 7.
CORRESPONDING periods, inheritance at, 14.
CORRIENTES, dwarf cattle of, 3.
CORRINGHAM, Mr., influence of selection on pigs, 20.
CORSICA, ponies of, 2.
“CORTBECK” (pigeon) of Aldrovandi, 6.
_Corydalis,_ flower of, 26.
_Corydalis solida,_ sterile when peloric, 18.
_Corydalis tuberosa,_ peloric by reversion, 13.
COSTA, A., on shells transferred from England to the Mediterranean, 23.
COUES, Dr. E., on a monstrous chicken, 27.
COWPER, Mr. WHITE, defective development of the dental system, 25.
“COUVE TRONCHUDA,” 9 COW, inheritance of loss of one horn in the, 12; —amount of milk furnished by the, 24; —development of six mammæ in, 24.
COWSLIP, 12.
CRACIDÆ, sterility of the, in captivity, 18.
CRANES, fertility of, in captivity, 18.
CRAWFURD, J., Malasian cats, 1; —horses of the Malay Archipelago, 2; —horses of Japan, 2; —occurrence of stripes in young wild pigs of Malacca, 3; —on a Burmese hairy family with deficient teeth, 14, 25; —Japanese origin of the bantam, 7; —game fowls of the Philippine Islands, 22; —hybrids of _Gallus varius_ and domestic fowl, 7; —feral fowls in the Pellew Islands, 7; —history of the fowl, 7; —history of the domestic duck, 8; —domestication of the goose, 8; —cultivated plants of New Zealand, 9; —breeding of tame elephants in Ava, 18; —geese of the Philippine Islands, 18.
CREEPERS, a breed of fowls, 7.
CRISP, Dr., on the brains of the hare and rabbit, 4.
CROCUS, 18.
CROSS-BREEDING, permanent effect of, on the female, 11.
—a cause of uniformity, 15; —occurs in all organised beings, 15; —some characters not blended by, 15, 19; —modifications and new races produced by, 15; —causes which check, 16; —domestication and cultivation favourable to, 16, 19; —necessary in some plants, 17, 19; —summary of subject of, 17; —of dogs with wolves in North America, 1 (2); —of dog with wolf, described by Pliny and others, 1; —characters furnished by, brought out by reversion in the progeny, 13; —a direct cause of reversion, 13 (2); —a cause of variability, 22.
CRUSTACEA, macrourous, differences in the development of the, 27.
CRUSTACEAN with an antenna-like development of the eye-peduncle, 27.
CRYPTOGAMIC plants, bud-variation in, 11.
CUBA, wild dogs of, 1.
CUCUMBER, variation in number of carpels of, 10; —supposed crossing of varieties of the, 11.
_Cucurbita,_ dwarf, correlation of leaves in, 25.
—varieties of, 10; —relation in size and number of fruit of, 26.
CUCURBITACEÆ, 10; —supposed crossing of, 11; —Naudin’s observations on hybrids of, 18; CULTIVATION of plants, origin of, among savages, 9 (2); —fertility increased by, 16.
CUNIER, on hereditary night-blindness, 12.
CUPPLES, Mr., pairing of deer-hounds, 17.
CURRANTS, of Tierra del Fuego, 9; CURTIS, Mr., bud-variation in the rose, 11.
CUVIER, on the gestation of the wolf, 1; —the odour of the jackal, an obstacle to domestication, 1; —differences of the skull in dogs, 1; —external characters of dogs, 1; —elongation of the intestines in domestic pigs, 3, 24; —fertility of the hook-billed duck, 8; —hybrid of ass and zebra, 13; —breeding of animals in the Jardin des Plantes, 18; —sterility of predaceous birds in captivity, 18; —facility of hybridisation in confinement, 18.
CYANOSIS, affection of fingers in, 25.
CYCLAMEN, bud-variation in, 11.
_Cyrtanthus,_ 17.
_Cyrtopodium,_ 17.
—different views of its origin, 11; —experiments in crossing _C. purpureus_ and _laburnum_ to produce, 11; —its production by M. Adam, 11; —discussion of origin of, 11.
_Cytisus alpino-laburnum,_ ovules and pollen of, 11; —origin of, 11.
_Cytisus purpureo-elongatus,_ ovules and pollen of, 11; —production of, 11.
DAHLBOHM, effects of food on hymenoptera, 23.
DAHLIA, 10; —bud-variation by tubers in the, 11; —improvement of, by selection, 20; —steps in cultivation of, 22; —effect of conditions of life on, 23; —correlation of form and colour in, 25.
—Swan River, 22.
DALBRET, varieties of wheat, 9.
DALIBERT, changes in the odours of plants, 23.
DALLY, Dr., on consanguineous marriages, 17.
DALTONISM, hereditary, 12.
DAMARAS, cattle of, 3, 20 (2).
DAMSON, 10.
DANDOLO, Count, on silkworms, 8.
DANIELL, fertility of English dogs in Sierra Leone, 18.
DANISH Middens, remains of dogs in, 1.
DAPPLING in horses, asses, and hybrids, 2.
DARESTE, C., on the skull of the Polish fowl, 7; —causes of variability, 22; —on the production of monstrous chickens, 23; —co-existence of anomalies, 25; —production of double monsters, 26.
DARVILL, Mr., heredity of good qualities in horses, 12.
—on the wild potato, 9; —dimorphism in the polyanthus and primrose, 12.
DARWIN, Dr., improvement of vegetables by selection, 20.
DARWIN, Sir F., wildness of crossed pigs, 13.
DARWIN, G., consanguineous marriages, 17.
D’ASSO, monogynous condition of the hawthorn in Spain, 10.
DATE-PALM, varieties of the, 22.
DAUBENTON, variations in the number of mammæ in dogs, 1; —proportions of intestines in wild and domestic cats, 1, 24.
DAUDIN, on white rabbits, 21.
DAVY, Dr., on sheep in the West Indies, 3.
DAWKINS, W. BOYD, history of the dog, 1; —origin of cattle, 3; —early domestication of _Bos longifrons_ in Britain, 3.
DEAFNESS, inheritance of, 14.
DEBY, wild hybrids of common and musk ducks, 13.
DE CANDOLLE, ALPH., number and origin of cultivated plants, 9 (2), 10; —regions which have furnished no useful plants, 9; —wild wheat, 9 (2); —wild rye and oats, 9; —antiquity of varieties of wheat, 9; —apparent inefficacy of selection in wheat, 9; —origin and cultivation of maize, 9, 25; —colours of seeds of maize, 9; —varieties and origin of the cabbage, 9 (2); —cultivated species of the orange group, 10; —Chinese origin of the peach, 10; —on the peach and nectarine, 10 (2); —varieties of the peach, 10; —origin of the apricot, 10; —origin and varieties of the plum, 10; —origin of the cherry, 10; —varieties of the gooseberry, 10; —wild fastigiate oak, 10; —dark-leaved varieties of trees, 10; —conversion of stamens into pistils in the poppy, 10; —heredity of white hyacinths, 10, 12; —changes in oaks dependent on age, 11; —inheritance of anomalous characters, 12; —variation of plants in their native countries, 22; —deciduous bushes becoming evergreen in hot climates, 24; —antiquity of races of plants, 28.
DE CANDOLLE, P., non-variability of monotypic genera, 22; —relative development of root and seed in _Raphanus sativus,_ 26.
DECAISNE, on the cultivation of the wild carrot, 9; —varieties of the pear, 10; —intercrossing of strawberries, 10; —fruit of the apple, 11; —tender variety of the peach, 24.
DEER, assumption of horns by female, 13; —imperfect development of horns in a, on a voyage, 18.
DEER, fallow, 16.
DEERHOUND, Scotch, difference in size of the sexes of, 14; DEGENERATION of high-bred races, under neglect, 21.
DE JONGHE, J., on strawberries, 10; —on accumulative variation, 22; —resistance of blossoms to frost, 24.
DELPINO on Pangenesis, 27 (2).
DENNY, H., lice of Aperea, 18.
DENTITION, variations of, in the horse, 2.
DEODAR, 10.
DESMAREST, distribution of white on dogs, 1; —cat from the Cape of Good Hope, 1; —cats of Madagascar, 1; —occurrence of striped young in Turkish pigs, 3; —French breeds of cattle, 3; —horns of goats, 3; —on hornless goats, 24.
DESPORTES, number of varieties of roses, 10.
DEVAY, Dr., singular case of albinism, 12; —on the marriage of cousins, 17; —on the effects of close interbreeding, 22.
DEVELOPMENT and metamorphosis, 27 (2).
DEVELOPMENT, arrests of, 24.
DEVELOPMENT, embryonic, 27.
D’HERVEY-SAINT-DENYS, L., on the Yami, or imperial race of the Chinese, 20.
DHOLE, fertility of the, in captivity, 18.
DIABETES, occurrence of, in three brothers, 12.
_Dianthus,_ contabescent plants of, 18 (2); —hybrid varieties of, 22.
_Dianthus japonicus,_ contabescence of female organs in, 18.
DICHOGAMOUS plants, 15.
DICKSON, Mr., on “running” in carnations, 11; —on the colours of tulips, 11.
DIEFFENBACH, dog of New Zealand, 1; —feral cats in New Zealand, 1; —polydactylism in Polynesia, 12.
_Dielytra,_ 13.
DIET, change of, 24 (2).
_Digitalis,_ properties of, affected by culture, 23.
DIGITS, supernumerary, 12; —analogy of, with embryonic conditions, 13; —fusion of, 26.
DIMORPHIC plants, 17; —conditions of reproduction in, 19.
DIMORPHISM, reciprocal, 15.
DINGO, 1; —variation of, in colour 1; —half-bred, attempting to burrow 1; —attraction of foxes by a female, 1; —variations of, in confinement, 22.
DIOECIOUSNESS of strawberries, 10.
DISEASES, inheritance of, 12 (2); —inherited at corresponding periods of life, 14; —peculiar to localities and climates, 23; —affecting certain parts of the body, 27; —occurring in alternate generations, 27.
DISTEMPER, fatal to white terriers, 21.
DISUSE and use of parts, effects of, 24, 26 (2), 28 (2); —in the skeleton of rabbits, 4; —in pigeons, 5; —in fowls, 7; —in ducks, 8; DIVERGENCE, influence of, in producing breeds of pigeons, 6.
DIXON, E. S., on the musk duck, 6; —on feral ducks, 6; —on feral pigeons in Norfolk Island, 6; —crossing of pigeons, 6; —origin of domestic fowls, 7; —crossing of _Gallus sonneratii_ and common fowl, 7; —occurrence of white in the young chicks of black fowls, 7; —Paduan fowl of Aldrovandi, 7; —peculiarities of the eggs of fowls, 7; —chickens, 7 (2); —late development of the tail in Cochin cocks, 7; —development of webs in Polish fowls, 7; —on the voice of fowls, 7; —origin of the duck, 8; —ducks kept by the Romans, 8; —domestication of the goose, 8; —gander frequently white, 8; —breeds of turkeys, 8; —incubatory instinct of mongrels of non-sitting races of fowls, 13; —aversion of the dove-cot pigeon to pair with fancy birds, 16; —fertility of the goose, 16; —general sterility of the guans in captivity, 18; —fertility of geese in captivity, 18; DOBELL, H., inheritance of anomalies of the extremities, 12; DOBRIZHOFFER, abhorrence of incest by the Abipones, 17.
DOGS, origin of, 1; —of Neolithic, Bronze and Iron periods in Europe, 1 (2), 28; —resemblance of, to various species of Canidæ, 1; —of North America compared with wolves, 1 (2); —of the West Indies, South America, and Mexico, 1 (2); —of Guiana, 1 (2); —naked dogs of Paraguay and Peru, 1 (2); —dumb, on Juan Fernandez, 1; —of Juan de Nova, 1; —of La Plata, 1; —of Cuba, 1; —of St. Domingo, 1; —correlation of colour in, 1 (2); —inter-crossing of different breeds of, 1; —characters of different breeds of, discussed, 1; —degeneration of European, in warm climates, 1 (2), 23; —liability to certain diseases in different breeds of, 1 (2); —causes of differences of breeds discussed, 1; —catching fish and crabs in New Guinea and Tierra del Fuego, 1; —webbing of the feet in, 1; —influence of selection in producing different breeds of, 1 (2); —retention of original habits by, 6; —inheritance of polydactylism in, 12; —feral, 13; —reversion in fourth generation of, 13; —mongrel, 15; —comparative facility of crossing different breeds of, 16; —selection of, among the Greeks, 20 (2); —valued by the Fuegians, 20 (2); —climatal changes in hair of, 23; —production of drooping ears in, 24; —rejection of bones of game by, 24; —inheritance of rudiments of limbs in, 24; —development of fifth toe in, 24; —hairless, deficiency of teeth in, 25; —short-faced, teeth of, 26; —probable analogous variation in, 26; —extinction of breeds of, 28.
DOMBRAIN, H. H., on the auricula, 26.
DOMESTICATION, essential points in, 28 (2); DOMESTICATED animals, origin of, 18 (2); —occasional sterility of, under changed conditions, 18 (2).
DONDERS, Dr., hereditary hypermetropia, 12.
DORKING fowl, 7 (2); —furculum of, figured, 7.
DORMOUSE, 18.
DOUBLE flowers, 18 (4); —produced by selection, 20.
DOUBLEDAY, H., cultivation of the filbert pine strawberry, 10.
DOUGLAS, J., crossing of white and black game-fowls, 15.
DOWNING, Mr., wild varieties of the hickory, 9; —peaches and nectarines from seed, 10 (2); —origin of the Boston nectarine, 10; —American varieties of the peach, 10; —North American apricot, 10; —varieties of the plum, 10; —origin and varieties of the cherry, 10 (2); —varieties of the apple, 10; —fruit of the wild gooseberry, 10; —effects of grafting upon the seed, 12; —diseases of plum and peach tree, 21; —injury done to stone fruit in America by the “weevil,” 21; —grafts of the plum and peach, 22; —wild varieties of pears, 22; —varieties of fruit-trees suitable to different climates, 24.
DOWNING, Mr. J., sterility of shorthorns, 17.
DRAGON (pigeon), 5 (2).
DRINKING, effects of, in different climates, 23.
DROMEDARY, selection of, 20.
DRUCE, Mr., interbreeding, 17; —value of cross breed of pigs, 17.
DU CHAILLU, fruit-trees in West Africa, 9.
DUFOUR, LEON, on _Cecidomyia_ and _Misocampus,_ Introduction.
DUCK, musk, retention of perching habit by the, 6; —feral hybrid of, 6.
DUCK, penguin, hybrid of, with Egyptian goose, 14.
Duck, wild, difficulty of rearing, 21; —effects of domestication on, 23.
DUCKS, breeds of, 8 (2); —origin of, 8; —history of, 8; —fertility of breeds of, when crossed, 8; —Malayan penguin, identical in plumage with English, 8; —characters of the breeds of, 8; —eggs of, 8; —effects of use and disuse in, 8, 24; —feral, in Norfolk, 6; —Aylesbury, inheritance of early hatching by, 12; —reversion in, produced by crossing, 13; —hybrids of, with the musk duck, 13 (2); —assumption of male plumage by, 13; —crossing of Labrador and penguin, 15; —increased fertility of, by domestication, 16; —general fertility of, in confinement, 18; —increase of size of, by care in breeding, 20; —change produced by domestication in, 22.
DUMÉRIL, AUG., breeding of _Siredon_ in the branchiferous stage, 27.
DUN-COLOURED horses, origin of, 2.
DUREAU DE LA MALLE, feral pigs in Louisiana, 13; —feral fowls in Africa, 13; —bud-variation in the pear, 11; —production of mules among the Romans, 16.
DUTCH rabbit, 4.
DUTCH roller pigeon, 5.
DUTROCHET, pelorism in the laburnum, 26.
DUVAL, growth of pears in woods in France, 22.
DZIERZON, variability in the characters and habits of bees, 8.
EARLE, Dr., on colour-blindness, 14, 25.
EARS, of fancy rabbits, 4; —deficiency of, in breeds of rabbits, 4; —rudimentary, in Chinese sheep, 24; —drooping, 24; —fusion of, 26.
EATON, J. M., on fancy pigeons, 5, (2); —variability of characters in breeds of pigeons, 5; —reversion of crossed pigeons to coloration of _Columba livia,_ 6; —carrier-pigeon, 6; —effects of interbreeding on pigeons, 17; —properties of pigeons, 20; —death of short-faced tumblers in the egg, 21; ECHINODERMATA, metagenesis in, 27.
_Ectopistes,_ specific difference in number of tail-feathers in, 5.
EDENTATA, correlation of dermal system and teeth in the, 25.
EDGEWORTH, Mr., use of grass-seeds as food in the Punjab, 9.
EDMONSTON, Dr., on the stomach in _Larus argentatus_ and the raven, 24.
EDWARDS and Colin, on English wheat in France, 24.
EDWARDS, W. F., absorption of the minority in crossed races, 15.
EDWARDS, W. W., occurrence of stripes in a nearly thoroughbred horse, 2; —in foals of racehorses, 2.
EGGS, of fowls, characters of, 7; —variations of, in ducks, 8; EGYPT, ancient dogs of, 1 (2); —ancient domestication of the pigeon in, 6; —absence of the fowl in ancient, 7.
EGYPTIAN goose, hybrids of, with penguin duck, 8.
EHRENBERG, Prof., multiple origin of the dog, 1; —dogs of Lower Egypt, 1; ELEMENTS of the body, functional independence of the, 27.
ELEPHANT, its sterility in captivity,18.
ELK, Irish, correlations in the, 25 (2).
ELLIOT, Sir WALTER, on cats in India, 1; —on striped horses, 2; —Indian domestic and wild swine, 3; —pigeons from Cairo and Constantinople, 5; —Lotan tumbler pigeons, 5; —a pigeon uttering the sound “Yahu,” 5; ELLIS, Mr., varieties of cultivated plants in Tahiti, 22.
ELM, nearly evergreen Cornish variety of the, 10, 24; —foliage-varieties of the, 10.
ELM, weeping, 10; —not reproduced by seed, 12.
EMBRYOS, similarity of, 1; —fusion of, 26.
ENGLAND, domestication of _Bos longifrons_ in, 3; —selection of horses in, in mediæval times, 20; —laws against the early slaughter of rams in, 20.
EPHEMERIDÆ, development of the, 27.
EPILEPSY, hereditary, 12, 14.
_Equus quagga,_ 2.
ERDT, disease of the white parts of cattle, 25.
ERICACEÆ, frequency of contabescence in the, 18.
ERICHTHONIUS, an improver of horses by selection, 20.
ERMAN, on the fat-tailed Kirghisian sheep, 3, 23; —on the dogs of the Ostyaks, 20.
_Erodium,_ 13.
ESQUILANT, Mr., on the naked young of dun-coloured pigeons, 5.
ESQUIMAUX dogs, their resemblance to wolves, 1; —selection of, 20.
ESQUIROL, on hereditary insanity, 2.
EUDES-DESLONGCHAMPS, on appendages under the jaw of pigs, 3.
EUROPEAN cultivated plants, still wild in Europe, 9.
EVANS, Mr., on the Lotan tumbler pigeon, 5.
EVELYN, pansies grown in his garden, 10.
EVEREST, R., on the Newfoundland dog in India, 1, 24; —degeneration of setters in India, 1; —Indian wild boars, 3.
EWES, hornless, 26.
EXTINCTION of domestic races, 6.
EYES, hereditary peculiarities of the, 12; —loss of, causing microphthalmia in children, 12; —modification of the structure of, by natural selection, 20 (2).
EYEBROWS, hereditary elongation of hairs in, 12.
EYELIDS, inherited peculiarities of the, 12.
EYTON, Mr., on gestation in the dog, 1; —variability in number of vertebræ in the pig, 3; _Faba vulgaris,_ 9.
FABRE, observations on _Ægilops triticoides,_ 9.
FAIRWEATHER, Mr., production of double flowers from old seed, 18.
_Falco albidus,_ resumption of young plumage by, in captivity, 18.
_Falco subbuteo,_ copulating in captivity, 18.
_Falco tinnunculus,_ breeding in captivity, 18.
FALCONER, Dr., sterility of English bulldogs in India, 1; —resemblance between _ Sivatherium_ and Niata cattle, 3; —selection of the silkworm in India, 8; —reproduction of a supernumerary thumb after amputation, 12; —fertility of the dhole in captivity, 18; —fertility of English dogs in India, 18; —sterility of the tiger in captivity, 18; —turkeys at Delhi, 18; —on Indian cultivated plants, 18; —Thibet mastiff and goat, 23.
FALCONS, sterility of, in captivity, 18.
FALKLAND Islands, horses of the, 2 (2); —feral pigs of the, 3; —feral cattle of the, 3 (2); —feral rabbits of the, 4.
FALLOW deer, 16, 17.
FANTAIL pigeons, 5, 21; —figured, 5; —furculum of, figured, 5; —history of, 6; FAROE Islands, pigeons of the, 6.
FASHION, influence of, in breeding, 21.
FASTIGIATE trees, 23, 26.
FAUNAS, geographical differences of, 1.
FEATHERS, homologous variation in, 25.
FEET, of pigeons, individual differences of, 5; —correlations of external characters in, 5.
FEET and beak, correlation of, in pigeons, 5.
FELIDÆ, fertility of, in captivity, 18.
_Felis caffra,_ 1.
_Felis chaus,_ 1.
_Felis jubata,_ 18.
_Felis lybica,_ 1.
_Felis manul,_ 1.
_Felis ornata,_ 1.
FEMALE, affected by male element, 27 (2).
FEMALE flowers, in male panicle of maize, 9.
FENN, Mr., grafting potatoes, 11.
FENNEL, Italian variety of, 9.
FERGUSON, Mr., supposed plurality of origin of domestic fowls, 7; —relative size of eggs of fowls, 7; —yolk of eggs of game-fowls, 7; —voice of the Malay fowl, 7; —effects of interbreeding on fowls, 17; —on fashion in poultry, 21.
FERNANDEZ, on Mexican dogs, 1.
FERNS, reproduction of abnormal forms of, by spores, 11; FERTILISATION, artificial, of the St. Valéry apple, 10 (2).
FERTILITY, various degrees of, in sheep, 3; —unlimited mutual, of breeds of pigeons, 6; —comparative, of mongrels and hybrids, 16 (2), 19; —influence of nourishment on, 16; —diminished by close interbreeding, 17, 19; —reduced, of Chillingham wild cattle, 17; —of domesticated varieties when crossed, 19.
_Festuca,_ species of, propagated by bulblets, 18.
FILBERTS, spared by tomtits, 21.
FILIPPI, on the breeding of branchiferous tritons, 27.
FINCHES, general sterility of, in captivity, 18.
FINNIKIN (pigeon), 5.
FINNOCCHIO, 9.
FIR, Scotch, acclimatisation of, 24.
FISH, Mr., advantage of change of soil to plants, 18.
FISHES, regeneration of portions of fins of, 13; —variability of, when kept in tanks, 22; —marine, living in fresh water, 24; —double monsters of, 26.
FISSION and gemmation, 27.
FITCH, Mr., persistency of a variety of the pea, 9.
FITTEST, survival of the, 1.
FITZINGER, origin of sheep, 3; —African maned sheep, 3.
FITZPATRICK, Mr., potato-grafting, 11.
FIXEDNESS of character, conditions of, discussed, 14.
FLAX, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, 9; —climatal difference in products of, 23.
FLEECE, fineness of, in Austrian merinos, 20.
FLEISCHMANN, on German sheep crossed with merinos, 15.
FLOUNDER, 1.
FLOURENS, crossing of wolf and dog, 1; —prepotency of the jackal over the dog, 14; —hybrids of the horse and ass, 14; —breeding of monkeys in Europe, 18.
FLOWER-GARDEN, earliest known, in Europe, 20.
FLOWERS, capricious transmission of colour-varieties in, 12 (2); —tendency to uniformity in striped, 14; —scorching of, dependent on colour, 21; —change in, caused by conditions of life, 23; —rudimentary, 24; —relative position of, to the axis, 26.
FŒTATION, abdominal, 24.
FOLEY, Mr., wild varieties of pears, 22.
FOLIAGE, inherited peculiarities of, 10; FOOD, influence of, on the pig, 3; —on cattle, 3; —excess of, a cause of variability, 22.
FORBES, D., on Chilian sheep, 3; —on the horses of Spain, Chili, and the Pampas, 2.
_Formica rufa,_ 22.
FORTUNE, R., sterility of the sweet potato in China, 18; —development of axillary bulbs in the yam, 18.
FOWL, common, breeds of, 7; —supposed plurality of origin, 7; —early history of, 7; —causes of production of breeds of, 7; —history of, 7; —structural characters of, 7; —external differences of, 7; —differences of breeds of, from _G. bankiva,_ 7; —osteological characters of, 7; —effects of disuse of parts in, 7, 24; —feral, 6, 13; —fertility of, increased by domestication, 16, 18; —sterility of, under certain conditions, 18; —influence of selection on, 20 (3);