—influence of time on, 21 (2); —effects of, in modifying breeds of cattle, 3; —in preserving the purity of breeds of sheep, 3 (2); —in producing varieties of pigeons, 6; —in the goose, 8; —in the canary, 8; —contrasted in cabbages and cereals, 9; —in white mulberry, 10; —exemplified in carrots, etc., 9; —in potato, 9; —in the melon, 10; —in flowering plants, 10; —in the hyacinth, 10; —applied to bud-varieties of plants, 11; SELECTION, sexual, 14.
SELWYN, Mr., on the Dingo, 1.
—hybrid of the hook-billed duck and Egyptian goose, 8.
SERINGE, on the St. Valéry apple, 10.
SERPENT melon, 10, 25.
SERRES, OLIVIER DE, wild poultry in Guiana, 7.
SESAMUM, white-seeded, antiquity of the, 28.
_Setaria,_ found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, 9.
SETTEGAST, sheep poisoned by buckwheat, 25.
SETTERS, degeneration of, in India, 1; —Youatt’s remarks on, 1.
SEX, secondary characters of, latent, 13 (2); —of parents, influence of, on hybrids, 22.
SEXUAL characters, sometimes lost in domestication, 14.
SEXUAL limitation of characters, 14.
SEXUAL peculiarities, induced by domestication in sheep, 3; —in fowls, 7; —transfer of, 7.
SEXUAL variability in pigeons, 5 (2).
SEXUAL selection, 14.
SHADDOCK, 10.
SHAILER, Mr., on the moss-rose, 11.
SHAN ponies, striped, 2.
SHANGHAI fowls, 7.
SHANGHAI sheep, their fecundity, 3.
SHEEP, disputed origin of, 3; —early domestication of, 3; —variations in horns, mammæ, and other characters of, 3; —sexual characters of, induced by domestication, 3; —adaptation of, to climate and pasture, 3 (2); —periods of gestation of, 3; —effect of heat on the fleece of, 3; —effect of selection on, 3; —“ancon” or “otter” breeds of, 3; —cross of German and merino, 15; —black, of the Tarentino, 21; —Karakool, 23; —Jaffna, with callosities on the knees, 24; —Chinese, 24; —Danish, of the Bronze period, 28; —occasional production of horns in hornless breeds of, 13; —reversion of colour in, 13; —influence of male, on offspring, 14; —sexual differences in, 14; —influence of crossing or segregation on, 15 (2), 16 (2); —effect of nourishment on the fertility of, 16; —value of, crossbred, 17; —diminished fertility of, under certain conditions, 18; —unconscious selection of, 20; —natural selection in breeds of, 21 (2); —reduction of bones in, 21; —individual differences of, 22; —local changes in the fleece of, in England, 23; —partial degeneration of, in Australia, 23; —correlation of horns and fleece in, 25; —feeding on flesh, 24; —mountain, resistance of, to severe weather, 24; SHEEP dogs, resembling wolves, 1; —mutilated tail inherited, 12.
SHELLS, sinistral and dextral, 13.
SHIRREFF Mr., new varieties of wheat, 9 (2); —on crossing wheat, 16; —variability of wheat, 11; —continuous variation of wheat, 21.
SHORT, D., hybrids of the domestic cat and _Felis ornata,_ 1.
SIAM, cats of, 1; —horses of, 2.
SIBERIA, northern range of wild horses in, 2.
SICHEL, J., on the deafness of white cats with blue eyes, 25.
SIDNEY, S., on the pedigrees of pigs, 12; —period of gestation in the pig, 3; —production of breeds of pigs by intercrossing, 3, 15; —fertility of the pig, 16; —effects of interbreeding on pigs, 17; —on the colours of pigs, 20, 21.
SIEBOLD, on the sweet potato, 21.
SIEBOLD, CARL VON, on parthenogenesis, 27.
_Silene,_ contabescence in, 18.
—Tarroo, 18.
SILK-MOTHS, 8; —domesticated, species of, 8; —history of, 8; —causes of modification in, 8; —differences presented by, 8; —crossing of, 15; —disease in, 21; —effects of disuse of parts in, 24; —variation of, 21; SILKWORMS, variations of, 8; —yielding white cocoons, less liable to disease, 25.
SIMON, on the raising of eggs of the silk-moth in China, 20.
SIMONDS, J. B., period of maturity in various breeds of cattle, 3; —differences in the periods of dentition in sheep, 3; —on the teeth in cattle, sheep, etc., 25; —on the breeding of superior rams, 20.
SIMPSON, Sir J., regenerative power of the human embryo, 27.
_Siredon,_ breeding in the branchiferous stage, 27.
SISKIN, breeding in captivity, 18.
_Sivatherium,_ resemblance of the, to Niata cattle, 3.
SIZE, difference of, an obstacle to crossing, 16.
SKIN, and its appendages, homologous, 25; —hereditary affections of the, 14.
SKIRVING, R. S., on pigeons settling on trees in Egypt, 6.
SKULL, characters of the, in breeds of dogs, 1; —in breeds of pigs, 3; —in rabbits, 4 (2); —in breeds of pigeons, 5 (2); —in breeds of fowls, 7; —in ducks, 8 (2).
SKULL and horns, correlation of the, 25.
SKYLARK, 18.
SLEEMAN, on the cheetah, 18.
SLOE, 10.
SMALL-POX, 27.
SMITER (pigeon), 5.
SMITH, Sir A., on Caffrarian cattle, 3; —on the use of numerous plants as food in South Africa, 9.
SMITH, Colonel HAMILTON, on the odour of the jackal, 1; —on the origin of the dog, 1; —wild dogs in St. Domingo, 1; —on the Thibet mastiff and the alco, 1; —development of the fifth toe in the hind feet of mastiffs, 1; —differences in the skull of dogs, 1; —history of the pointer, 1; —on the ears of the dog, 24; —on the breeds of horses, 2; —origin of the horse, 2; —dappling of horses, 2; —striped horses in Spain, 2; —original colour of the horse, 2; —on horses scraping away snow, 2; —feral pigs of Jamaica, 3 (2).
SMITH, Sir J. E., production of nectarines and peaches by the same tree, 10; SMITH, J., development of the ovary in _Bonatea speciosa_ by irritation of the stigma, 11.
SMITH, N. H., influence of the bull “Favourite” on the breed of Shorthorn cattle, 14.
SMITH, W., on the intercrossing of strawberries, 10.
SNAKE-RAT, 15 (2).
SNAKES, form of the viscera in, 26.
SNAPDRAGON, bud-variation in, 11; —non-inheritance of colour in, 12; —peloric, crossed with the normal form, 14, 15; —asymmetrical variation of the, 25.
SOIL, adaptation of plums to, 10; —influence of, on the zones of pelargoniums, 10; —on roses, 10; —on the variegation of leaves, 11; —advantages of change of, 18.
SOIL and climate, effects of, on strawberries, 10.
_Solanum,_ non-intercrossing of species of, 15.
SOLOMON, his stud of horses, 2.
SOMERVILLE, Lord, on the fleece of Merino sheep, 3; —on crossing sheep, 17; —on selection of sheep, 20; —diminished fertility of Merino sheep brought from Spain, 18.
SOOTY fowls, 7 (2).
_Sorghum,_ 10.
SOTO, FERDINAND DE, on the cultivation of native plants in Florida, 9.
SPAIN, hawthorn monogynous in, 10.
SPALLANZANI, on feral rabbits in Lipari, 4; —experiments in feeding a pigeon with meat, 24.
SPANIELS, in India, 1; —King Charles’s, 1; —degeneration of, caused by interbreeding, 17.
SPANISH fowls, 7 (3); —figured, 7; —early development of sexual characters in, 7; —furculum of, figured, 7.
SPECIES, difficulty of distinguishing from varieties, Introduction; —conversion of varieties into, Introduction; —origin of, by natural selection, 28; —by mutual sterility of varieties, 19.
SPENCER, Lord, on selection in breeding, 20.
SPENCER, HERBERT, on the “survival of the fittest,” Introduction; —increase of fertility by domestication, 16; —on life, 18, 19; —changes produced by external conditions, 23; —effects of use on organs, 24; —ascent of the sap in trees, 24; —correlation exemplified in the Irish elk, 25 (2); —antagonism of growth and reproduction, 27.
SPERMATOPHORES of the cephalopoda, 27.
SPHINGIDÆ, sterility of, in captivity, 18.
SPINOLA, on the injurious effect produced by flowering buckwheat on white pigs, 25.
SPITZ dog, 1.
—on the effects of crossing, 15 (2); —on crossing cattle, 17; SPORES, reproduction of abnormal forms by, 11.
SPOT pigeon, 5, 6.
SPRENGEL, C. K., on dichogamous plants, 15; —on the hollyhock, 16; —on the functions of flowers, 19.
SPROULE, Mr., transmission of hare-lip, 12.
SPURS, of fowls, 7; —development of, in hens, 24.
SQUASHES, 10.
SQUINTING, hereditary, 12.
SQUIRRELS, generally sterile in captivity, 18.
SQUIRRELS, flying, breeding in confinement, 18.
STAG, one-horned, supposed heredity of character in, 12; —degeneracy of, in the Highlands, 20.
STAMENS, occurrence of rudimentary, 24; —conversion of, into pistils, 10; —into petals, 27.
_Staphylea,_ 18.
STEENSTRUP, Prof., on the dog of the Danish Middens, 1; —on the obliquity of flounders, 13.
STEINAN, J., on hereditary diseases, 12, 14.
STEPHENS, J. F., on the habits of the Bombycidæ, 8.
STERILITY, in dogs, consequent on close confinement, 1; —from changed conditions of life, 18; —occurring in the descendants of wild animals bred in captivity, 18; —individual, 18; —resulting from propagation by buds, cuttings, bulbs, etc., 18; —in specific hybrids of pigeons, 6; —as connected with natural selection, 19.
STERNUM, characters of the, in rabbits, 4; —in pigeons, 5 (2); —in fowls, 7 (2); —effects of disuse on the, 5 (2).
STEWART, H., on hereditary disease, 14.
STIGMA, variation of the, in cultivated Cucurbitaceæ, 10; STOCKHOLM, fruit-trees of, 24.
STOCKS, bud-variation in, 11; —effect of crossing upon the colour of the seed of, 11; —true by seed, 12; —crosses of, 15; —varieties of, produced by selection, 20; —reversion by the upper seeds in the pods of, 26.
STOCKTON, HOUGH, direct action of pollen, 11.
STOKES, Prof., calculation of the chance of transmission of abnormal peculiarities in man, 12.
STOLONS, variations in the production of, by strawberries, 10.
STOMACH, structure of the, affected by food, 24.
STONE in the bladder, hereditary, 12, 14.
STONEHENGE, on maturity of the dog, 1; —inherited effects of injury, 12; —cross between bulldog and greyhound, 15; —close interbreeding of greyhound, 17; —fleetness of racehorses, 21.
STORER, J., pedigree of cattle, 17.
STRAWBERRIES, 10; —selection in, 20; —probable further modification of, 6; —variegated, effects of soil on, 23.
STRICKLAND, A., on the domestication of _Anser ferus,_ 8; —on the colour of the bill and legs in geese, 8.
_Strictœnas,_ 6.
STRIPES on young of wild swine, 3; —of domestic pigs of Turkey, Westphalia, and the Zambesi, 3; —of feral swine of Jamaica and New Granada, 3; —of fruit and flowers, 11, 13; —in horses, 2; —in the ass, 2 (2); —production of, by crossing species of Equidæ, 13 (2).
“STRUPP-TAUBE,” 5.
STRUTHERS, D., osteology of the feet in solid-hoofed pigs, 3; STURM, prepotency of transmission of characters in sheep and cattle, 14; —absorption of the minority in crossed races, 15; —correlation of twisted horns and curled wool in sheep, 25.
SUB-SPECIES, wild, of _Columba livia_ and other pigeons, 6.
SUCCESSION, geological, of organisms, Introduction.
SUCKERS, bud-variation by, 11.
SUGAR-CANE, sterility of, in various countries, 18; —sporting of, 11; —white, liability of, to disease, 21, 25.
SUICIDE, hereditary tendency to, 12, 14.
SULIVAN, Admiral, on the horses of the Falkland Islands, 2; —wild pigs of the Falkland Islands, 3; —feral cattle of the Falkland Islands, 3 (2); —feral rabbits of the Falkland Islands, 4.
SULTAN fowl, 7 (2).
_Sus vittatus,_ 3.
SWALLOWS, a breed of pigeons, 2.
SWEET peas, 15; —crosses of, 15; —varieties of, coming true by seed, 12; —acclimatisation of, in India, 8.
SWEET William, bud-variation in, 11.
SWINHOE, R., on Chinese pigeons, 5, 6; —on striped Chinese horses, 2; —on the japanned peacock, 8.
SWITZERLAND, ancient dogs of, 1; —pigs of, in the Neolithic period, 3; —goats of, 3.
SYCAMORE, pale-leaved variety of the, 25.
SYKES, Colonel, on a pariah dog with crooked legs, 1; —on small Indian asses, 2; —on the voice of the Indian Kulm cock, 7; —fertility of the fowl in most climates, 18.
SYMMETRY, hereditary departures from, 12.
SYPHILIS, hereditary, 25.
SYRIA, asses of, 2.
TACITUS, on the care taken by the Celts in breeding animals, 20.
_Tagetes signata,_ dwarf variety of, 12.
TAHITI, varieties of cultivated plants in, 22.
TAIL, never curled in wild animals, 24; —rudimentary in Chinese sheep, 24.
TAIL-FEATHERS, numbers of, in breeds of pigeons, 5 (2); —peculiarities of, in cocks, 7; —variability of, in fowls, 7; —curled, in _Anas boschas,_ and tame drakes, 8.
TAIT, LAWSON, presence of hairs and teeth in ovarian tumours, 27.
TALENT, hereditary, 12.
TANKERVILLE, Earl of, on Chillingham cattle, 3, 17.
TANNER, Prof., effects of disuse of parts in cattle, 24.
TAPIR, sterility of the, in captivity, 18.
TARGIONI-TOZZETTI, on cultivated plants, 9; —on the vine, 10; —varieties of the peach, 10; —origin and varieties of the plum, 10; —origin of the cherry, 10; —origin of roses, 10.
TARSUS, variability of the, in fowls, 7; —reproduction of the, in a thrush, 27.
TARTARS, their preference for spiral-horned sheep, 20.
TAVERNIER, abundance of pigeons in Persia, 6.
TAYLOR, Mr., potato-grafting, 11.
TEEBAY, Mr., reversion in fowls, 13.
TEETH, number and position of, in dogs, 1; —deficiency of, in naked Turkish dogs, 1; —period of appearance of, in breeds of dogs, 1; —precocity of, in highly-bred animals, 25; —correlation of, with hair, 25; —double row of, with redundant hair, in Julia Pastrana, 25; —affected in form by hereditary syphilis and by pulmonary tubercle, 25; —developed on the palate, 27.
TEGETMEIER, Mr., on a cat with monstrous teeth, 1; —on sexual colours, 5; —naked young of some pigeons, 5; —fertility of hybrid pigeons, 6; —on white pigeons, 21; —reversion in crossed breeds of fowls, 7; —chicks of the white silk fowl, 7; —development of the cranial protuberance in Polish fowls, 7; —on the skull in the Polish fowl, 7 (2); —on the intelligence of Polish fowls, 7; —correlation of the cranial protuberance and crest in Polish fowls, 7; —development of the web in the feet of Polish fowls, 7; —early development of several peculiarities in Spanish cocks, 7; —on the comb in Spanish fowls, 7; —on the Spanish fowl, 24; —assumption of female plumage by a game-cock, 7; —natural selection in the game-cock, 21; —length of the middle toe in Cochin fowls, 7; —origin of the Sebright bantam, 13; —differences in the size of fowls, 7; —effect of crossing in fowls, 7; —effects of interbreeding in fowls, 17 (2); —incubation by mongrels of non-sitting races of fowls, 13; —inverse correlation of crest and comb in fowls, 7; —occurrence of pencilled feathers in fowls, 13; —on a variety of the goose from Sebastopol, 8; —on the fertility of the peahen, 16; —on the intercrossing of bees, 17.
TEMMINCK, origin of domestic cats, 1; —origin of domestic pigeons, 6; —asserted reluctance of some breeds of pigeons to cross, 6; —number of eggs laid by the peahen, 16; —breeding of guans in captivity, 18; —behaviour of grouse in captivity, 18; —sterility of the partridge in captivity, 18.
TENDRILS in Cucurbitaceæ, 10, 24.
TENNENT, Sir J. E., on the goose, 8; —on the growth of the apple in Ceylon, 23; —on the Jaffna sheep, 24.
_Teredo,_ fertilisation in, 27.
—white, subject to distemper, 25.
TESCHEMACHER, on a husked form of maize, 9.
TESSIER, on the period of gestation of the dog, 1; —of the pig, 3; —in cattle, 3; —experiments on change of soil, 18.
_Tetrao,_ breeding of species of, in captivity, 18.
TEXAS, feral cattle in, 3.
THEOGNIS, his notice of the domestic fowl, 7.
THEOPHRASTUS, his notice of the peach, 24.
_Thesium,_ 23.
THOMPSON, Mr., on the peach and nectarine, 10; —on the varieties of the apricot, 10; —classification of varieties of cherries, 10; —on the varieties of the gooseberry, 10 (2).
THOMPSON, WILLIAM, on the pigeons of Islay, 6; —feral pigeons in Scotland, 6; —colour of the bill and legs in geese, 8; —destruction of black fowls by the osprey, 21.
THORN, grafting of early and late, 10; —Glastonbury, 10.
THORNS, reconversion of, into branches, in pear trees, 24.
THRUSH, asserted reproduction of the tarsus in a, 27.
THURET, on the division of the zoospores of an alga, 27.
THWAITES, G. H., on the cats of Ceylon, 1; TIBURTIUS, experiments in rearing wild ducks, 8.
TIGER, rarely fertile in captivity, 18.
TIME, importance of, in the production of races, 21.
TINZMANN, self-impotence in the potato, 17.
TISSUES, affinity of, for special organic substances, 27.
TITMICE, destructive to thin-shelled walnuts, 10; TOBACCO, crossing of varieties of, 16; —cultivation of, in Sweden, 24.
TOBOLSK, red-coloured cats of, 1.
TOES, relative length of, in fowls, 7; —development of fifth, in dogs, 24.
TOLLET, Mr., his selection of cattle, 20.
TOMATO, 15.
TOMES, inheritance of dental malformations, 12.
TOMTITS. _See_ TITMICE.
TONGUE, relation of, to the beak in pigeons, 3.
TOOTH, occurrence of a molar, in place of an incisor, 27.
“TORFSCHWEIN,” 3.
TRAIL, R., on the union of half-tubers of different kinds of potatoes, 11.
TREES, varieties of, suddenly produced, 10; —weeping or pendulous, 10; —fastigiate or pyramidal, 10; —with variegated or changed foliage, 10; —early or late in leaf, 10; —forest, non-application of selection to, 21.
TREMBLEY, on reproduction in Hydra, 27.
TRICKS, inheritance of, 12 (2).
TRIMORPHIC plants, conditions of reproduction in, 19.
TRISTRAM, H. B., selection of the dromedary, 20.
_Triticum vulgare,_ wild in Asia, 9.
TRITON, breeding in the branchiferous stage, 27.
“TROMMEL-TAUBE,” 5.
“TRONFO” pigeon, 5.
_Tropæolum,_ 13.
_Tropæolum minus_ and _majus,_ reversion in hybrids of, 22.
TROUBETZKOY, Prince, experiments with pear-trees at Moscow, 24.
TROUSSEAU, Prof., pathological resemblance of twins, 22.
TSCHARNER, H. A. DE, graft-hybrid produced by inosculation in the vine, 11.
TSCHUDI, on the naked Peruvian dog, 1; —extinct varieties of maize from Peruvian tombs, 9, 11.
TUBERS, bud-variation by, 11.
TUCKERMAN, Mr., sterility of _Carex rigida,_ 18.
TUFTED ducks, 8.
TULIPS, variability of, 10; —influence of soil in “breaking,” 11.
TUMBLER pigeon, 5; —skull figured, 5; —lower jaw figured, 5; —scapula and furculum figured, 5; —early known in India, 6; —history of, 6; —sub-breeds of, 6; —young, unable to break the egg-shell, 21; —probable further modification of, 21.
TUMOURS, ovarian, occurrence of hairs and teeth in, 27; —polypoid, origin of, 27.
TURBIT (pigeon), 5, 6.
TURKEY, domestic, origin of, 8; —crossing of, with North American wild turkey, 8 (2); —breeds of, 8; —crested white cock, 8; —degeneration of, in India, 8, 23; —failure of eggs of, in Delhi, 18; —feral, on the Parana, 6; —change produced in, by domestication, 22.
TURKEY, striped young pigs in, 3.
TURNER (pigeon), 5.
TURNER, C., on the hollyhock, 3.
TURNER, W., on cells, 27.
TURNIPS, origin of, 9; —reversion in, 13; —run wild, 13; —Swedish, preferred by hares, 21; —acclimatisation of, in India, 24.
TURNSPIT, on an Egyptian monument, 1; —crosses of the, 15.
TURTLE-DOVE, white and coloured, crossing of, 15.
suratensis,_ 6.
_Turtur risorius,_ crossing of, with the common pigeon, 6; _Turtur vulgaris,_ crossing of, with the common pigeon, 6; —sterile hybrids of, with _T. suratensis_ and _Ectopistes migratorius,_ 6.
TUSKS of wild and domesticated pigs, 3 (2).
TYERMAN, B., on the pigs of the Pacific Islands, 3, 15; —on the dogs of the Pacific Islands, 15.
TYLOR, Mr., on the prohibition of consanguineous marriages, 17.
UDDERS, development of the, 24.
UNIFORMITY of character, maintained by crossing, 15.
UNITS of the body, functional independence of the, 27.
UNITY or plurality of origin of organisms, Introduction.
UREA, secretion of, 27.
UTILITY, considerations of, leading to uniformity, 21.
VALENTIN, experimental production of double monsters by, 27.
_Vallota,_ 17.
VAN BECK, BARBARA, a hairy-faced woman, 12.
VAN MONS, on wild fruit-trees, 9, 22; —production of varieties of the vine, 10; _Vanessa,_ species of, not copulating in captivity, 18.
—causes of, 22; —necessity of, for selection, 19; —of selected characters, 21; —of multiple homologous parts, 26.
VARIATION, laws of, 24; —continuity of, 21; —in domestic cats, 1; —origin of breeds of cattle by, 3; —in osteological characters of rabbits, 4; —of important organs, 10; —analogous or parallel, 9; —in horses, 2; —in the horse and ass, 2; —in fowls, 7; —in geese, 8; —exemplified in the production of fleshy stems in cabbages, etc., 9; —in the peach, nectarine, and apricot, 10 (2); —individual, in wheat, 9.
VARIEGATION of foliage, 11, 18.
VARIETIES and species, resemblance of, Introduction, 28; —conversion of, into species, Introduction; —abnormal, 28; —domestic, gradually produced, 28.
VARRO, on domestic ducks, 8; —on feral fowls, 13; —crossing of the wild and domestic ass, 20.
VASEY, Mr., on the number of sacral vertebræ in ordinary and humped cattle, 3; —on Hungarian cattle, 3.
VEGETABLES, cultivated, reversion in, 13; —European, culture of, in India, 18 (2).
VEITH, Mr., on breeds of horses, 2.
_Verbascum,_ intercrossing of species of, 10, 15, 16; —reversion in hybrids of, 11; —contabescent, wild plants of, 18; —villosity in, 23.
—variable duration of, 24.
VERBENAS, origin of, 10; —white, liability of, to mildew, 21 (2); —effect of changed conditions of life on, 23.
VERLOT, on the dark-leaved barberry, 10; —inheritance of peculiarities of foliage in trees, 10; 11; —variegation of leaves, 11; —colours of tulips, 11; —uncertainty of inheritance, 12; —persistency of white flowers, 12; —tendency of striped flowers to uniformity of colour, 14; —non-intercrossing of certain allied plants, 15; —sterility of _Primulæ_ with coloured calyces, 18; —on fertile proliferous flowers, 18; —on the Irish yew, 21; —effect of soil on the variegated strawberry, 23; —correlated variability in plants, 25.
_Verruca,_ 13, 27.
VERTEBRAE, characters of, in rabbits, 4; —in ducks, 8 (2); —number and variations of, in pigeons, 5 (2); —number and characters of, in fowls, 7; —variability of number of, in the pig, 3.
VERTUCH. _See_ PUTSCHE.
“VERUGAS,” 23.
VESPUCIUS, early cultivation in Brazil, 9.
VIBERT’S experiments on the cultivation of the vine from seed, 10.
_Vicia sativa,_ leaflet converted into a tendril in, 27.
VICUNAS, selection of, 20.
VILLOSITY of plants, influenced by dryness, 23.
VILMORIN, cultivation of the wild carrot, 9, 23; —colours of tulips, 11; —uncertainty of inheritance in balsams and roses, 12; —experiments with dwarf varieties of _Saponaria calabrica_ and —reversion of flowers by stripes and blotches, 13; VINE, 10; —parsley-leaved, reversion of, 11; —graft-hybrid produced by inosculation in the, 11; —disease of, influenced by colour of grapes, 21 (2); —influence of climate, etc., on varieties of the, 23; —diminished extent of cultivation of the, 24; —acclimatisation of the, in the West Indies, 24.
_Viola,_ species of, 10.
_Viola lutea,_ different coloured flowers in, 11.
VIRCHOW, Prof., on the growth of bones, 24, 27; —on cellular prolification, 16; —independence of the elements of the body, 27; —presence of hairs and teeth in ovarian tumours, 27; —of hairs in the brain, 27; —special affinities of the tissues, 27; —origin of polypoid excrescences and tumours, 27.
VIRGIL, on the selection of seed corn, 9, 20; —of cattle and sheep, 20.
VIRGINIAN Islands, ponies of, 2.
VISION, hereditary peculiarities of, 12 (2); —in amphibious animals, 20; —varieties of, 24; —affections of organs of, correlated with other peculiarities, 25.
_Viverra,_ sterility of species of, in captivity, 18.
VOGEL, varieties of the date palm, 22.
VOGT, on the indications of stripes on black kittens, 13.
VOICE, differences of, in fowls, 7; —peculiarities of, in ducks, 8; —inheritance of peculiarities of, 12.
VOLZ, on the history of the dog, 1; —ancient history of the fowl, 7; —domestic ducks unknown to Aristotle, 8; —Indian cattle sent to Macedonia by Alexander, 20; —mention of mules in the Bible, 20; —history of the increase of breeds, 21.
VON BERG, on _Verbascum phœniceum,_ 24.
VOORHELM, G., his knowledge of hyacinths, 10, 22.
VROLIK, Prof., on polydactylism, 12; —influence of the shape of the mother’s pelvis on her child’s head, 26.
WADE, drooping eyelids transmitted, 12.
WADERS, behaviour of, in confinement, 18.
WAGNER, MORITZ, oriental dogs, 21.
WAHLENBORG, on the propagation of Alpine plants by buds, runners, bulbs, etc., 18.
“WAHLVERWANDTSCHAFT” of Gärtner, 19.
WALES, white cattle of, in the tenth century, 3.
WALKER, A., on intermarriage, 11; —on the inheritance of polydactylism, 12.
WALKER, D., advantage of change of soil to wheat, 18.
WALKER, R., reversion in cattle, 13.
WALLACE, A. R., on the multiple origin of the dog, 1; —on a striped Javanese horse, 2; —on the conditions of life of feral animals, 13; —artificial alteration of the plumage of birds, 23; —on polymorphic butterflies, 27; —on reversion, 28; —on the limits of change, 28.
WALLACE, Dr., on the sterility of Sphingidae hatched in autumn, 18.
WALLACHIAN sheep, sexual peculiarities in the horns of, 3.
WALLFLOWER, bud-variation in, 11.
WALLICH, Dr., on _Thuja pendula_ or _filiformis,_ 10.
WALSH, B. D., on attacks of insects, 10; —on galls, 23 (2); WALTHER, F. L., on the history of the dog, 1; —on the intercrossing of the zebu and ordinary cattle, 3.
WARING, Mr., on individual sterility, 18.
WATERER, Mr., spontaneous production of _Cytisus alpino-laburnum,_ 11.
WATERTON, C., production of tailless foals, 2; —on taming wild ducks, 8; —on the wildness of half-bred wild ducks, 13; —assumption of male characters by a hen, 13.
WATSON, H. C., on British wild fruit-trees, 9; —on the non-variation of weeds, 9; —origin of the plum, 10; —on reversion in Scotch kail, 13; —on generally distributed British plants, 23.
WATTLES, rudimentary, in some fowls, 24.
WATTS, Miss, on Sultan fowls, 7.
WEBB, JONAS, interbreeding of sheep, 17.
WEBER, effect of the shape of the mother’s pelvis on her child’s head, 26.
WEDDERBURN, Mr., correlation of teeth and hair, 25.
WEEDS, supposed necessity for their modification, coincidently with cultivated plants, 9.
WEEPING varieties of trees, 10.
WEEPING habit of trees, capricious inheritance of, 12 (2).
WEEVIL, injury done to stone-fruit by, in North America, 21.
WEIJENBERGH, on parthenogenesis, 27.
WEIR, H., large litter of pigs, 16.
WEIR, JENNER, on the japanned peacock, 8; —mare and quagga, 11; —wildness of mule siskins, 13.
WEISMANN, Prof., reversion from unnatural conditions, 13; —isolation, 23; —causes of variability, 23.
WELSH cattle, descended from _Bos longifrons,_ 3.
WEST Indies, feral pigs of, 3; —effect of climate of, upon sheep, 3.
WESTERN, Lord, change effected by, in pigs, 3 (2); —in the sheep, 20.
WESTPHALIA, striped young pigs in, 3.
WESTWOOD, J. O., on peloric flowers of _Calceolaria,_ 26.
WETHERELL, Mr., on inheritance of mutilations, 12.
WHATELY, Archbishop, on grafting early and late thorns, 10.
WHEAT, specific unity or diversity of, 9 (4); —Hasora, 9; —presence or absence of barbs in, 9; —Godron on variations in, 9; —effects of soil and climate on, 9; —increased fertility of hybrids of, with _Ægilops,_ 16; —advantage of change of soil to, 18; —differences of, in various parts of India, 18; —continuous variation in, 20; —Fenton, 21; —natural selection in, 21; —varieties of, found wild, 22; —effects of change of climate on, 24; —ancient variety of, 28.
WHITBY, Mrs., on the markings of silkworms, 8; WHITE, Mr., reproduction of supernumerary digits after amputation, 12; —time occupied in the blending of crossed races, 15.
WHITE, GILBERT, vegetable diet of dogs, 24.
WHITE and white-spotted animals, liability of, to disease, 25 (2).
WHITE flowers, most truly reproduced by seed, 12.
WICHURA, MAX, on hybrid willows, 13; —analogy between the pollen of old-cultivated plants and of hybrids, 22.
WICKING, Mr., inheritance of the primary characters of _Columba livia_ in cross-bred pigeons, 6; —production of a white head in almond tumblers, 20.
WICKSTED, Mr., on cases of individual sterility, 18.
WIEGMANN, spontaneous crossing of blue and white peas, 11; —crossing of varieties of cabbage, 17; WIGHT, Dr., sexual sterility of plants propagated by buds, etc., 18.
WILCKENS, Dr., effect of previous impregnation, 11; —alpine breeds, 24; —drooping ears, 24; —correlation of hair and horns, 25.
WILDE, Sir W. R., occurrence of Bos frontosus and longifrons in Irish crannoges, 3; —attention paid to breeds of animals by the ancient Irish, 20.
WILDER, Dr. B., on the brain of dogs, 1; WILDMAN, on the dahlia, 20, 23.
WILDNESS of the progeny of crossed tame animals, 13 (2).
WILKES, Capt., on the taming of pigeons among the Polynesians, 18.
WILKINSON, J., on crossed cattle, 16.
WILLIAMS, Mr., change of plumage in a Hamburgh hen, 7.
WILLIAMS, Mr., intercrossing of strawberries, 10.
WILLIAMSON, Capt., degeneration of dogs in India, 1; —on small Indian asses, 2.
WILLIAMSON, Rev. W., doubling of _Anemone coronaria_ by selection, 20.
WILLUGHBY, F., notice of spot pigeons, 5; —on tumbler pigeons, 6; —on the turbit, 6; —on the barb and carrier pigeons, 6;