Ypocras. _See_ Hippocrates Zaqualquin, the philosopher, maxim of, 98 PRINTED BY J. B. NICHOLS AND SONS, ORCHARD STREET, VICTORIA STREET, S.W.
----- Footnote 1: See below, p. xxiv.
Footnote 2: Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 28,212, ff. 22b, 26.
Footnote 3: Footnote 4: _Ibid._, ii. p. 335 (_cf._ p. xxx. below, note 2). This copy was included in a “grete booke,” other articles of which now form Lansdowne MS. 285. Ebesham’s hand as they show it is not identical with that of the Longleat MS., though it bears a certain resemblance to it.
Footnote 5: Of the authorities used the best and most recent are E. Robineau, _Christine de Pisan, sa vie et ses œuvres_, St. Omer, 1882; F. Koch, _Leben und Werke der Christine de Pizan_, Goslar, 1885; M. Roy, _Œuvres poétiques de Christine de Pisan_, Soc. des Anciens Textes Français, i.–iii. 1886–1896. The most interesting details are derived from her own writings, many of which are still unprinted.
Footnote 6: See below, p. xxxvi.
Footnote 8: This date may be inferred from two statements by herself, one in “Le Chemin de long estude,” written in 1402, that she had then been widowed thirteen years (ed. R. Püschel, Berlin, 1887, p. 6), and the other in “La Vision” (Koch, p. 12) that she was twenty-five when her husband died, _sc._ in 1389.
Footnote 9: “Car comme renommée lors tesmoignast par toute crestienté la souffisance de mon pere naturel és sciences spéculatives comme supellatif astrologien, jusques en Ytalie en la cité de Boulongne la grace par ses messages l’envoya quérir” (“Livre des fais et bonnes meurs du sage roy Charles V.,” in Petitot’s _Collection des Mémoires_, v. p. 275).
Footnote 11: Thus in “La Vision” she writes “le me tolli en fleur de ieunece, comme en l’aage de xxxiiij. ans, et moy de xxv. demouray chargee de iii.
enfans petiz et de grant maisnage” (_cf._ p. xi. note 4).
Footnote 12: 148, “Rondeaux,” No. iii.
Footnote 13: John de Montacute or Montagu, who succeeded his father as second Baron Montacute in 1390, his mother as Baron Monthermer in 1395 (?), and his uncle as third Earl of Salisbury in 1397. One of the objects of his embassy in 1398 was to hinder the marriage of Henry of Lancaster with a daughter of the Duke of Berry. Christine speaks of him as “gracieux chevalier, aimant dictiez et luy mesme gracieux dicteur” (Boivin, “Vie de Chr. de Pisan,” in Kéralio’s _Collection des meilleurs ouvrages Footnote 14: Koch, p. 36.
Footnote 15: In a ballad praying the Duke of Orleans to take him into his service (Roy, i. p. 232) she speaks of his having been three years in England: Ja trois ans a que pour sa grant prouesse L’en amena le conte très louable De Salsbery, qui moru a destrece Ou mal païs d’Angleterre, ou muable Y sont la gent.
Elsewhere she says that Henry IV. “tres joyeusement prist mon enfant vers luy et tint chierement et en très bon estat” (Boivin, p. 119).
Footnote 16: All printed by Roy, vol. ii. 1891.
Footnote 17: An edition, “traduit de langue romanne en prose françoise par Jan Chaperon,” appeared at Paris in 1549. See also above, p. xi., note 4, Koch, p. 76, and Kéralio, ii. p. 297.
Footnote 18: For an analysis see Koch, p. 63.
Footnote 19: In this part of the work she plagiarizes largely from the so-called Travels of Sir John Mandeville (see article by P. Toynbee in Footnote 20: Printed in Petitot’s _Collection des Mémoires_, 1824, vols. v. vi. and elsewhere.
Footnote 21: Analysed by Koch, p. 73.
Footnote 22: As in the dedication of the “Épître d’Othéa” partly printed below, p.
xxxvi.
Footnote 23: The original of _The book of fayttes of armes and of Chyualrye_, printed by Caxton in 1489. He tells us in a note that it was given to him by Henry VII. on 23rd January, 1489, to translate and print, “to thende that euery gentylman born to armes and all manere men of werre captayns souldiours vytayllers and all other shold haue knowlege how they ought to behaue theym in the fayttes of warre and of bataylles.”
He adds that the translation was finished on the 8th July and printed on the 14th. A French edition appeared at Paris in 1488, and others in 1497, etc.
Footnote 24: An English translation by Bryan Anslay, entitled _The boke of the cyte of Ladyes_, was printed at London, 1521.
Footnote 25: For the dedication to the Dauphiness and the table of chapters see Thomassy, _Essai sur les écrits politiques de Christine de Pisan_, 1838, p. 185.
Footnote 26: Printed by Thomassy, p. 133.
Footnote 28: For an analysis of its contents, with extracts, see _ibid._, p. 150.
The Dauphin Louis was born in 1396 and died in 1415.
Footnote 29: See Thomassy, p. xlii.; Martin, _Histoire de France_, 4th ed. 1878, vi. p. 192. It is dated 31st July, 1429, a fortnight after the coronation of Charles VII. at Reims.
Footnote 30: “Je Christine, qui ay plouré xi. ans en l’abbaye close.” It was perhaps the abbey of Poissy, of which her daughter was already an inmate in 1400 (above, p. xiv.), and which may possibly be meant by “Passy” in the passage from the _Boke of Noblesse_ quoted in a note on p. xxxiii.
Footnote 31: See below, p. xxxv.
Footnote 32: Koch, p. 81. Louis was born 13th March, 1372.
Footnote 33: Robineau, p. 89, speaks as if it was addressed to Charles himself, but the words are “Dorliens duc Loys” (see below, p. xxxvi.).
Footnote 34: See pp. xxxiv., xxxvii.
Footnote 35: “Les enseignemens que je Cristine donne a Jehan de Castel mon filz” Footnote 36: See the comparative table in Roy, i. p. xxii.
Footnote 37: This was first pointed out by the Abbé Sallier, _Mémoires de Footnote 38: See articles by B. Hauréau in _Mémoires de l’Académie des Footnote 39: “escript en françois rimé”; Delisle, _Le Cabinet des MSS._, iii. p.
192.
Footnote 40: Footnote 41: Footnote 42: De Jong and De Goeje, _Catalogus codicum orientalium Bibl. Acad. Lugd.
Bat._, iii. p. 342; Brockelmann, _Geschichte der Arabischen Footnote 43: liber philosophorum moralium...quem transtulit de Greco in Latinum Mag. Johannes de Procida.” The Latin text is quoted in the notes here from Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 16,906, the French text from Royal MS. 19 B iv., both of the 15th century.
Footnote 44: P. Paris, _Les MSS. françois de la Bibl. du Roi_, v. p. 1.
Footnote 45: “Enprynted by me William Caxton at Westmestre the yere of our lord m.cccc.lxxvii.” A second edition appeared in 1480 (?), and a third, by W. de Worde, in 1528.
Footnote 46: Thus, the translator says in his preface, “And at the last [I] concluded in my self to translate it in to thenglyssh tong, wiche in my jugement was not before,” and Caxton adds in the colophon, “Certaynly I had seen none in englissh til that tyme.”
Footnote 47: No doubt there is some rhetorical exaggeration in the expression below); at any rate, there is no evidence that Fastolf served anywhere but in France, both north and south, and in Ireland.
Footnote 48: In the colophon to the other work he is styled son-in-law, but the meaning is the same.
Footnote 49: There is a good account of him in the _Dict. of National Biography_, vol. xviii. See also G. Poulett Scrope, _Hist. of Castle Combe_, 1852, ch. vii. p. 169. Besides other authorities given in the first-named work, some further particulars and corrections are supplied in Wylie’s _Hist. of England under Henry IV_., 1884–1898, and in Sir J. H.
Footnote 50: Wylie, iii. p. 168.
Footnote 54: Wylie, iv. p. 86.
Footnote 55: The warrant for his pay, 18th June, is in Rymer’s _Fœdera_, ed. 1740, iv. pt. ii. p. 130.
Footnote 56: According to the _Boke of Noblesse_ (see below, p. xliii.), p. 15, “the seyd erle made Ser John Fastolfe, chevaler, his lieutenaunt with m^lv^c soudeours.”
Footnote 57: Rymer, iv. pt. ii. p. 153. _Dict. Nat. Biogr._ has 1417–18.
Footnote 58: The _Boke of Noblesse_, after praising him for his care in provisioning his garrisons, goes on to say (p. 68), “and that policie was one of the grete causes that the regent of Fraunce and the lordes of the kyngys grete councelle lefft hym to hafe so many castells to kepe that he ledd yerly iii^c sperys and the bowes.” The value of his foresight in this respect is then illustrated by an anecdote of what happened when the Bastille was threatened with a siege in 1420.
Footnote 59: The _Dict. Nat. Biogr._ oddly calls the place Mons!
Footnote 60: Act iii. sc. 2, ll. 104–109; Act iv. sc. 1, ll. 9–47.
Footnote 61: France_, Rolls Series, ii. pt. ii. p. [549].
Footnote 62: Stevenson, pp. [433], [575].
Footnote 63: Footnote 64: Brit. Mus. Add. ch. 14,598, “pro notabili et laudabili seruicio ac bono consilio que predilectus consiliarius noster Ioh. Fastolff miles nobis impendit et impendet in futurum,” 12 May, 19 Hen. VI. The future service was no doubt to be rendered in the council-chamber rather than the field.
Footnote 65: “Thus endeth the boke of Tulle of olde age translated ont of latyn in to frenshe by laurence de primo facto...and enprynted by me symple persone William Caxton in to Englysshe...the xii day of August the yere of our lord m.cccc.lxxxi.”
Footnote 66: He was father of Sir John Paston, for whom a copy of “Othea” was written in 1469, as well as of John Paston the younger, who owned a copy somewhat later (see above, p. x).
Footnote 67: relations with his stepson are also illustrated by numerous documents in G. Poulett Scrope’s _History of Castle Combe_, where there are memoirs of both, as lords of that manor.
Footnote 68: Footnote 69: “Thorugh the wiche sale I tooke sekenesses that kept me a xiii. or xiiii. yere swyng, whereby I am disfigured in my persone and shall be Footnote 70: From some curious accounts dealing with meat and fish in 1427–8 (_ibid._ p. 266) he was perhaps in the commissariat service.
Footnote 71: Footnote 72: _Chroniques_, ed. W. Hardy, Rolls Series, vol. for 1422–31, p. 289.
Elsewhere (p. 254) he describes him as “moult sage et prudent aux armes au quel se fyoit grandement le duc de Bethfort, regent.”
Footnote 73: She was a second wife, but the name of the first, who bore him a daughter, is not known (_Hist. of Castle Combe_, p. 271).
Footnote 76: William Paston to John Paston: “He wyll dwelle at Caster, and Skrop Stephen Scrope” is mentioned in the inventory of Fastolf’s effects at Caister made after his death (_ibid._, i. p. 482).
Footnote 77: See below, p. xliii. The note (Roxburghe Club ed. p. 54) runs, “Notandum est quod Cristina [fuit] domina præclara natu et moribus et manebat in domo religiosarum dominarum apud Passye prope Parys; et ita virtuosa fuit quod ipsa exhibuit plures clericos studentes in vniuersitate Parisiensi, et compilare fecit plures libros virtuosos, utpote librum arborum bellorum, et doctores racione eorum exhibicionis attribuerunt nomen autoris Cristine, sed aliquando nomen autoris clerici studentis imponitur in diuersis libris; et vixit circa annum Christi 1430, sed floruit ab anno Christi 1400.”
Footnote 78: Footnote 79: In answer to an inquiry M. Omont, keeper of MSS., kindly states that only one of them, franç. 12,438, a poor copy on paper, contains a dedication to the Duke of Berry. It begins “Le Prologue. Louenge à Dieu soit...et après ensuivant à très noble fleur...et puis à vous excellant prince, saige, bon et vertueux, Jehan excellant, redoubté filz au roy de France...duc de Berry,” etc.
Footnote 80: The “Cent Balades d’Amant et de Dame” (_Œuvres Poétiques_, ed. Roy, iii. p. 209), besides ten others.
Footnote 81: Printed by Roy, i. p. xiv. The MS. is there described and compared with another rather earlier collection (now Bibl. Nat. franç. 835, 606, 836, 605), which the Duke of Berry bought from Christine for 200 crowns. A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Harley MS., with a large miniature of Christine presenting the volume to the queen in her bedchamber, is prefixed to Roy’s vol. iii. (_cf._ a note by P.
Meyer, p. xxii.). A coloured plate of the same miniature is given by Shaw, _Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages_, 1843.
Footnote 82: Footnote 83: This is the only edition in the British Museum. Its second title runs: _Lepistre de Othea deesse de prudence enuoyee a lesperit cheualereux Hector de troye auec cent hystoires. Nouuellement imprimee a Paris._ Other editions are said to have been issued at Lyons in 1497 and 1519, and at Paris in 1522.
Footnote 84: Both date and age were given on his tomb at Bourges erected by Charles VII. in 1457 (Raynal, _Histoire du Berry_, 1844, ii. pp. 504, 513; Champeaux and Gauchery, _Les Travaux d’art executés pour Jean de Footnote 85: Ed. 1644, p. 238. Bouchet was born in 1476, and his work first appeared in 1524. I owe the reference to it to Mr. Wylie.
Footnote 86: Footnote 87: favourable view of his character is given by Guiffrey, _Inventaires_, p. cxci.
Footnote 88: “Now children of gramere scole conneþ no more Frensch þan can here lift heele...also gentil men habbeþ now moche yleft for to teche here childern Freynsch” (R. Morris, _Specimens of Early English_, 1867, p. 339). See also the Rolls Series edition of Higden, ii. p.
161, where Trevisa’s text is taken from another MS.
Footnote 89: See Chaucer’s Nonne Prestes tale, l. 14, “Of poynant saws hir needide never a deel.”
Footnote 90: See above, p. xxxvi. There is an imperfect copy of the English text in Footnote 91: H. R. Plomer, _Robert Wyer, printer and bookseller_, 1897. For an account of the woodcuts, see p. 9.
Footnote 92: “Here endyth thys Epistle, undre correccion, the xv. day of June, the yeere of Crist M^ciiii^clxxv.,” etc. (p. 85).
Footnote 93: Examples of his writing are fairly abundant, _e.g._ in the Brit. Mus.
MSS. Cotton Julius F. vii., Royal 13 C. i., Sloane 4 and Add.
account of Fastolf’s last illness.
Footnote 94: Stevenson, _Wars of the English in France_, vol. ii. pt. ii. pp.
[519]–[742], from Lambeth MS. 506, which is partly in Worcester’s own hand. His Annals, extending from 1324 to 1468, are printed in the same volume, p. [743], from the autograph MS. in the College of Arms.
Footnote 95: Footnote 96: Written about 1385 and dedicated to Charles VI. It was first printed at Lyons about 1480. See the modern edition by E. Nys, _L’Arbre de Footnote 97: The colophon of Caxton’s English version (above, p. xvi.) points to the source of the misnomer: “Thus endeth this boke whiche Xpyne of Pyse made and drewe out of the boke named Vegecius de re militari and out of tharbre of bataylles.” Christine in fact made use of Bonet’s work.
Footnote 98: “I may sey to you that William hath goon to scole to a Lumbard called Karoll Giles, to lern and to be red in poetre or els in Frensh; for he hath byn with the same Caroll every dey ii. tymes or iii. and hath bought divers boks of hym,” H. Wyndesore to J. Paston, 27th Aug. 1458 Footnote 99: Footnote 100: episcopo Wyntoniensi apud Asher librum Tullii de Senectute per me translatum in anglicis, sed nullum regardum recepi de episcopo.”
Footnote 101: For this dedication, addressed by the translator, Stephen Scrope, to his stepfather, Sir John Fastolf, see the Introduction.
Footnote 102: _Sc._ worldly.
Footnote 103: _Sc._ old.
Footnote 104: So the MS., but John, Duke of Berry, was born 30th November, 1340, and died 15th June, 1416.
Footnote 105: The mythical Hermes Trismegistus. The citations from these and other less well known philosophers were taken by Christine de Pisan from Guillaume de Tignonville’s “Les dis moraulx des Philosophes,” which Scrope himself translated into English (see Introduction). “Salomon” here represents the “Salon” or “Zalon,” _sc._ Solon, of the original.
Footnote 106: _Sc._ thee, which is spelt “the” throughout.
Footnote 107: This parentage is explained further on, pp. 22, 24.
Footnote 108: _Sc._ Heir; Feyre MS.; Hoir, H.
Footnote 109: Affin que ton bon cuer sadrece, H. The translator no doubt read “tout bon cœur.”
Footnote 110: Qui de tous vaillans est ame, H. Pegasus is explained below (p. 15) as meaning “a goode name, the which flyeth through the eyre.”
Footnote 111: _Sc._ thee, whole and sum; me doit il de toy souuenir, H.
Footnote 112: Et que tu me vueilles bien croire, H.
Footnote 113: Sagesse de femme, H.
Footnote 114: Thas, MS.
Footnote 115: Greke, MS.; Troye la grant, H.
Footnote 116: La belle ieunece, H.
Footnote 117: Par les agais et assaulx, H.
Footnote 118: Beatitude, H.
Footnote 119: _Sc._ considering that.
Footnote 120: Kynges, MS.; toutes choses terrestres, H.
Footnote 121: Thesceyvable, MS., with “de” interlined.
Footnote 122: De Singularitate Clericorum, attributed to Cyprian and Origen as well as to St. Augustine (Migne, _Patrologia Latina_, iv. col. 835). The passage runs (col. 866): “Ubicumque fuerit providentia, frustrantur universa contraria; ubi autem providentia negligitur, omnia contraria dominantur.”
Footnote 123: Cesser et anientir, H.
Footnote 124: Prov. ii. 10, 11. This and other quotations from the Vulgate are supplied from the French text, being omitted by the translator, possibly with the intention of filling them in from the Wycliffite English version.
Footnote 125: De vaillance cheualereuse, H.
Footnote 126: Seur germaine, H.
Footnote 127: _Sc._ the leaf of a leek; Car selle nen faisoit le pois, Tout ne te vauldroit pas vn pois, H.
Footnote 128: Serour, H.
Footnote 129: Democritus, H.
Footnote 130: De limiter les choses, H.
Footnote 131: Ou liure des meurs de leglise, que loffice dattrempance est reffraindre et appaisier les meurs de concupiscence, H. The repetition of “meurs” caused the translator to omit some words. The reference is to the treatise “De moribus ecclesiæ catholicæ,” i. 19 (Migne, xxxii.
1326).
Footnote 132: 1 Pet. ii. 11.
Footnote 133: _Sc._ war, _cf._ next line; where, MS.
Footnote 134: Sur la mer de Grece, H.
Footnote 135: Maystyr, MS.; mestier, H.
Footnote 136: _Sc._ by Cerberus.
Footnote 137: Qui trop sont desloyaulx gaignons, H.
Footnote 138: See below, p. 41.
Footnote 139: _Sc._ on earth.
Footnote 140: Aux lyons ne aux ours rampans, H.
Footnote 141: _Sc._ allege, take example from; Et pour donner materiel exemple de force, allegue Hercules, H.
Footnote 142: _Sc._ high; by, MS; hault exemple, H.
Footnote 143: _Sc._ fought.
Footnote 144: A leaf is here missing from the MS.
Footnote 145: The complete “texte” in H. runs:— Encor se veulx estre des noz, Ressembler te couuient Minos, Tout soit il iusticier et maistres Denfer et de tous li estres.
Car se tu te veulx auancier, Estre te couuient iusticier, Autrement de porter heaume Nes digne ne tenir royaume.
Footnote 146: En Crete, H.
Footnote 147: Fierte, H.
Footnote 148: De adventu Domini Sermo iii. (Migne, clxxxiii. 45), but the passage is not literally translated.
Footnote 149: Sa non puissance, H.
Footnote 150: Chastisyng in chastisyng, MS.; garde et discipline, garde en le gardant de mal faire et discipline en le chastiant se il a mal fait, H.
Footnote 151: Prov. xxi. 12, 15.
Footnote 152: Apres te mire en Perseus, H., and so below; _cf._ Ovid, Met. iv., 610 sq.
Footnote 153: Belue, H.; monstre, Wyer.
Footnote 154: Chose couuenable, H.
Footnote 155: _Sc._ won; il acquist, H.
Footnote 156: _Sc._ should have; deuourer la deuoit, H.
Footnote 157: _Sc._ flyeth; qui vole, H.
Footnote 158: Many, MS.
Footnote 159: Omitted in MS.; le porte, H.
Footnote 160: Sermo ccclv., de vita et moribus clericorum (Migne, xxxix. 1569).
Footnote 161: A bien viure, H.
Footnote 162: Pour soy, H.; conscientia tibi, fama proximo tuo, S. Aug. The translator evidently read “foy.”
Footnote 163: Eccl. xli. 15.
Footnote 164: _Sc._ the planet Jupiter; Joyus, MS.; de iouis les condicions, H.
Footnote 165: Jābir ibn Aflah, an Arab astronomer of uncertain date, whose work on Astronomy was published in Latin, in nine books, at Nuremberg in 1534.
A 15th century MS. of it is in the British Museum, Harley MS. 625.
Footnote 166: Perhaps Nicholas of Lynne, a Carmelite who lived in the latter part of the 14th century, and whose astronomical tables were used by Chaucer in his “Astrolabe.” Among other works he wrote tracts “de natura Footnote 167: Et est figuree a la compleccion sanguine, H.
Footnote 168: _Sc._ Pythagoras.
Footnote 169: Doulce et humaine, H.
Footnote 170: A Nepocian, H. The passage does not appear to be among the works of St. Gregory, nor in St. Jerome’s epistle to Nepotianus.
Footnote 172: Traueilleux, H.
Footnote 173: _Sc._ Hermes Trismegistus.
Footnote 174: An unintelligible corruption; fist lange deuenir deable, H. and other Fr. MSS.; doth [make] the aungell to become a devyll, Wyer; superbia est per quam angelus cecidit, per quam Adam de naturæ suæ dignitate dejectus est, Cass. Exp. in Psalterium (Migne, lxx. 843).
Footnote 175: Tethe, MS.; la mort, H.
Footnote 176: _Sc._ vein; la veine, H.
Footnote 177: Ps. xxx. 7.
Footnote 178: _Sc._ drove; le desherita et chaca, H.
Footnote 179: _Sc._ ere; peser la chose ains quil donne, H.
Footnote 180: Ye, MS.
Footnote 181: _Sc._ note; peuent notter tous sages, H.
Footnote 182: Moralia, xxvii. 3 (Migne, lxxvi. 401).
Footnote 183: Ps. xviii. 10.
Footnote 184: No such work appears under the name of Cassiodorus.
Footnote 185: Esdras iii. 12.
Footnote 186: The translator, not Christine de Pisan, is responsible for making Phœbe masculine.
Footnote 187: Ep. ad Simplicianum (Migne, xvi. 1085).
Footnote 188: Ne se plunge point, H.; non tristibus mergitur, St. Ambr.
Footnote 189: Eccl. xxvii. 12.
Footnote 190: Folowynge, MS. There is some confusion here in the translation, _cf._ en ce monde et que le bon esperit par son exemple [pot bien] ensuiuir son bon pere Ihesu Crist et batailler contre les vices, H.
Footnote 191: Ephes. vi. 12.
Footnote 192: Soyes aourne de faconde, H. The translator seems to have misinterpreted “faconde,” eloquence, speech, as “falchion.”
Footnote 193: _Sc._ old; ce tapprendra Mercurius, H.
Footnote 194: Qui vont deuant, H.
Footnote 196: _Sc._ By thy mother enough shall be assigned to thee; te liurera assez ta mere, H. The MS. reads “modus,” and in the next line “bater” (amere, H.).
Footnote 197: Cuir-bouilli, leather boiled and moulded, while soft, into the required shape.
Footnote 198: No exposition of the Creed appears among the works of Cassiodorus.
Footnote 199: _Sc._ light; lumiere, H.
Footnote 200: Hebr. xi. 6.
Footnote 201: Sittyng, MS., and so also below.
Footnote 202: There seems to be some confusion here between Pallas the goddess and Pallas son of Lycaon and reputed founder of Pallantium, in Arcadia.
Footnote 203: ? join; il doit aiouster sagece a cheualerie, H.
Footnote 204: The whiche vertue, MS.
Footnote 205: Hebrews vi. 18.
Footnote 206: _Sc._ Penthesileia, queen of the Amazons.
Footnote 207: Dont si noble voix est semee, H.
Footnote 208: _Sic_, the first letter being of course the Fr. “d’.”
Footnote 209: Expos. in Ps. xii. (Migne, lxx. 100).
Footnote 210: Soubz la quelle [pluye] germe la bonne voulente, H.
Footnote 211: Inimicis benevola, bonis suis superans malos, Cass.
Footnote 212: 1 Corinth, xiii. 4.
Footnote 213: Narcissus, whose story is in Ovid, Met. iii. 341 sq.
Footnote 214: Se esleua en si grant orgueil, H.
Footnote 215: Cest a entendre loultrecuidance de lui meisme ou il se mira, H.
Footnote 216: Thi, MS.; est sa vie contenue, H. The translator seems to have read “toute nue.”
Footnote 217: Job xx. 6, 7.
Footnote 218: Wrongly translated. H. reads: Athamas plain de grant rage La deesse de forcennage Fist estrangler ces (_sc._ ses).ii. enfans.
Pour ce grant yre te deffens.
The story (Ovid, Met. iv. 420 sq.), which is introduced again further on (p. 112), is much confused here. It is briefly as follows. Athamas by command of Hera married the divine Nephele, and had by her Phrixus and Helle. He was, however, more enamoured of Ino, who bore to him Learchus and Melicertes. Nephele in her anger having returned to heaven, Ino tried to get rid of her rival’s children. For this purpose she caused a famine by roasting the seed-corn before it was sown, and then bribed the messengers whom Athamas sent to Delphi for an oracle to bring back word that Phrixus must be sacrificed. Nephele, however, carried off Phrixus and his sister on the ram with the golden fleece, while Athamas, driven mad by Hera, killed his son Learchus, and Ino threw herself into the sea with Melicertes.
Footnote 219: _Sc._ sodden; semer le ble cuit, H.
Footnote 220: Hys, MS.
Footnote 221: He, MS.
Footnote 222: Yno, MS.; la deesse iuno, H.
Footnote 223: A hole in the roof for the escape of smoke, here perhaps used for the hearth; le sueil, H.
Footnote 224: _Sic_, meaning apparently “warring”; but from the reading in H., “a pou ne se entretuoyent,” it is perhaps a mistake for “near-hand,” _sc._ nearly, almost.
Footnote 225: Quant la deesse virent tant espouentable, H.
Footnote 226: Sic ira corrumpit cor, si in alium diem duraverit, S. Aug. Epist. ccx.
(Migne, xxxiii. 958).
Footnote 227: Ephes. iv. 26.
Footnote 228: Aglauros or Agraulos, daughter of Cecrops. Hermes changed her into a stone for barring his access to her sister Herse (Ovid, Met. ii. 737 sq.).
Footnote 229: Dey, MS.; seche, H.
Footnote 230: _Sic_, probably for “too feloun a spotte”; trop est villeine tache et contre gentillece, H.
Footnote 231: De Genesi ad litteram, xi. 13 (Migne, xxxiv. 436).
Footnote 232: Eccl. xiv. 8, but the Vulg. has “lividi.”
Footnote 233: No, MS.; ne soyes pas lonc ne prolice, H.
Footnote 234: For, MS.
Footnote 235: _Sc._ the eye of Polyphemus.
Footnote 236: Bedeisus, MS.; no doubt a corruption of “_Bede sur_ les Prouerbes,” H.
The reference is apparently to Bede’s Expositio super Parabolas, ii.
20 (Migne, xci. 995).
Footnote 237: Prov. xxi. 5.
Footnote 238: _Sc._ frogs. This story of Latona is from Ovid, Met. vi. 313 sq.
Footnote 239: Cuidoit, H.
Footnote 240: Palu, H; maresse, Wyer.
Footnote 241: Perhaps in error for St. Bernard, Liber de modo bene vivendi, xliv.
(Migne, clxxxiv. 1266).
Footnote 242: Eccl. xiv. 9.
Footnote 243: _Sc._ manners; car ses condicions sont ordes, H.
Footnote 244: _Sc._ Hippocrates, whose “dictum” was that “sanitas consistit...non in replendo corpus cibis et potibus” (Add. MS. 16,906, f. 11).
Footnote 245: Moralia, xxx. 18 (Migne, lxxvi. 556).
Footnote 246: Philipp, iii. 19.
Footnote 247: The scene of the story was in Cyprus. Cidonie (Cydonie, H.) apparently comes from a misunderstanding of Ovid, who says of Pygmalion, “Collocat hanc stratis concha Sidonide tinctis” (Met. x. 267).
Footnote 248: En ot pitie. H.
Footnote 249: Omitted in MS.; plusieurs, H.
Footnote 250: Que il en lait a suiure, H.; leue to ensue, Wyer.
Footnote 251: Apthalin, H.; but it is doubtful who is meant. The name occurs in the “Dicta Philosophorum,” but not with this “dictum.”
Footnote 252: 2 Pet. ii. 13.
Footnote 253: The assignment of a particular clause in the Creed to each of the Apostles appears in a sermon printed among the spurious works of St.
Augustine (Migne, xxxix. 2190).
Footnote 254: To, MS.
Footnote 255: _Sc._ to plough.
Footnote 256: Car deuant semoient les gainages sans labourer, H. “Gaineyer” is for Footnote 257: Lawde, MS.; ainsi que la terre est abandonnee et large donnarresse, H.
Footnote 258: Qui tant nous a largement donne de ses haulx biens, H.
Footnote 259: Isis, in her original character as wife of Osiris and inventor of the cultivation of corn.
Footnote 260: Toutes vertus antes et plantes En toy, comme Ysis fait les plantes Et tous les grains fructifier; Ainsi dois tu ediffier.
So H., where “antes,” _sc._ antez, entez, is from “enter, placer, faire entrer” (Godefroy, _s.v._).
Footnote 261: _Sc._ Hermes.
Footnote 262: What, MS.
Footnote 263: Vn roy, H.
Footnote 264: Oan, MS., and so below.
Footnote 265: Pastours, H.
Footnote 266: _Sc._ mole; comme la tauppe, H.
Footnote 267: Lierres, _sc._ larron, H.
Footnote 268: And nede, MS.; au besoing, H.
Footnote 269: _Sc._ Theseus and Peirithous, who invaded the lower world in order to carry off Persephone.
Footnote 270: There is some confusion in this passage; se Hercules, qui leur compaignon yere, ne les eust secourus, qui tant y fist, _etc._, H.
Footnote 271: _Sc._ chains; chayennes, H.
Footnote 272: _Sc._ Cadmus, who founded Thebes and slew the dragon which guarded the neighbouring well of Ares, and who also invented letters.
Footnote 273: _Sc._ won; gaigna, H.
Footnote 274: Lestude y mist, H.
Footnote 275: Plus quen nulle autre auoir, H.
Footnote 276: Et du bien largement y prendre, H. The strange word “theryng” is probably nothing more than “therein.”
Footnote 277: See Ovid, Met. i. 583 sq. The source of the statement that Io invented letters is doubtful. Possibly it rests only on the two lines (_ib._ 649): Littera pro verbis quam pes in pulvere duxit Corporis indicium mutati triste peregit.
Footnote 278: Les vertus de iupiter, H.
Footnote 279: Tho, MS.
Footnote 280: _Sc._ note.
Footnote 281: _Sc._ cloud; en vne nue, H.
Footnote 282: _Sc._ with; surprendre ou fait, H.
Footnote 283: _Sc._ watched; la gaitoit, H.
Footnote 284: _Sc._ through.
Footnote 285: _Sc._ Pyrrhus.
Footnote 286: Which, MS.; vn sage, H.
Footnote 287: _Sc._ gods; les dieux, H.
Footnote 288: A wrong translation; tres louable chose est seruir dieu et sainctifier ses sains, H.; tous ses sens humains, G. de Tign.
Footnote 289: Atropos, one of the Fates, here represented as masculine; a Atropos et a son dart, H.
Footnote 290: Tout crestien, H.
Footnote 291: The, MS.; la prouision, H.
Footnote 292: Bellerophon, whose story is here confused with that of Hippolytus by making Anteia his stepmother.
Footnote 293: Il mieulx ama eslire la mort, H.
Footnote 294: Decre, MS.; latrie, H.; latria, Wyer; eo ritu ac servitute quæ græce λατρεία dicitur et uni vero Deo debetur, Aug. de Civitate Dei, vi.
præf. (Migne, xli. 173).
Footnote 295: Matt. iv. 10.
Footnote 296: Memnon, the Ethiopian, whose father Tithonus was half-brother to Priam, being son of Laomedon by a different mother.
Footnote 297: Leust occis, H.
Footnote 298: Trwee, MS.
Footnote 299: the sentence is “Multiplica amicos qui sunt medicamina animarum.” The Museum MSS. of G. de Tignonville’s French version and of the English versions of Earl Rivers and Scrope read “Sabion” or “Zabion.”
Footnote 300: _Cf._ Sermo clxxx. (Migne, xxxviii. 972).
Footnote 301: _Sc._ false.
Footnote 302: Exod. xx. 7.
Footnote 303: _Sc._ menacings; de grant menace, nyce et fole, H.
Footnote 304: Et en Leomedon te mire, H.
Footnote 305: Enuoya messages laidement congeer, H. The word “bostus” is apparently connected with “bost, boast,” meaning “boastful” or “threatening.”
Footnote 306: _Sc._ well weighed; moult pesee, H.
Footnote 307: Et brisier commandement soit autressi oultrecuidance, H.
Footnote 309: Les palais des parens, H.
Footnote 310: _Sc._ cracked; creuee, H.
Footnote 311: _Sc._ brightness; la leur, H.
Footnote 312: Le mordant de sa ceinture ficha par la creueure, H.
Footnote 313: Vn morier blanc, H., _sc._ a white mulberry, _cf._ Arbor ibi, niveis uberrima pomis, Ardua morus, erat, Ovid, Met. iv. 89.
Footnote 314: These words are at the bottom of f. 34b, after which there is a lacuna of a whole quire. The story in H. goes on “le lyon qui sus ot vomy lentraille dune beste quil ot deuouree. Oultre mesure fu grande la douleur de Piramus, qui cuida samie deuouree des fieres bestes; donc apres moult piteux reclaims soccist de son espee. Tisbee sailli du buisson, mais quant elle entent les sanglos de son ami qui mouroit et elle voit lespee et le sanc, adonc par grant douleur sus son ami chay, qui a elle parler ne pot, et apres plusieurs grans plains, regrais et pasmoisons soccist de la mesmes espee.” The mythological personages dealt with in the missing pages are Æsculapius, Achilles, Busiris, Leander, Helen, Aurora, Pasiphae, Adrastus, Cupid, Corinis, and Juno.
Footnote 315: The preceding “texte” and “glose” in H. are as follows:—