‘ How has this been said. Sir?’ ‘ Seven places which retain the moisture have been declared: the hands, the lines in the hand, the nails, the top of the nails, the brows, the under lip, the upper lip.’
KALPA s6tRA, But when they perceive that the water on their body has dried up and the moisture is gone, then they are allowed to take their meals. (43) 16. There are these eight classes of small things which a mendicant ought diligently to perceive, observe, and inspect, viz. living beings, mildew, seeds, sprouts, flowers, eggs, layers, and moisture.
What is understood by the small living beings? The small living beings are declared to be of five kinds: black, blue, red, yellow, and white ones. There is an animalcule called Anuddhari, which when at rest and not moving is not easily seen by monks and nuns who have not yet reached perfection, which when not at rest but moving is easily seen by monks and nuns who have not yet reached perfec¬ tion. Monks and nuns who have not yet reached perfection must diligently perceive, observe, and inspect this. Those are the small living beings. (44) What is understood by small mildew Small mildew has been declared to be of five kinds; black, blue, &c. There is a kind of small mildew which has the same colour as the substance on which it grows. Monks, nuns, &c. (see § 44, down to) inspect this. That is small mildew.
What is understood by small seeds? Small seeds are declared to be of five kinds: black, blue, &c. There is a kind of small seeds of the same colour as grain Monks and nuns, &c. (see § 44, down to) inspect this. Those are the small seeds.
What is understood by small sprouts? Small sprouts are declared to be of five kinds: black, blue, &c. There is a kind of small sprouts of * Ka«ikS.
RULES FOR YATIS.
the same colour as earth. Monks and nuns, &c. (see § 44, down to) inspect them. Those are the small sprouts.
What is understood by small flowers? Small flowers are declared to be of five kinds: black, blue, &c. There is a kind of small flowers of the same colour as the tree (on which they grow). Monks and nuns. See. (see § 44, down to) inspect them. Those are the small flowers.
What is understood by small eggs? Small eggs are declared to be of five kinds: eggs of biting insects k of spiders, of ants, of lizards (or wasps) and of chameleons Monks and nuns, &c. (see § 44, down to) inspect them. Those are the small eggs.
What is understood by small caves or lairs? Small caves or lairs are declared to be of five kinds: lairs of animals of the asinine kind, chasms, holes, cavities widening below like the stem of a palm tree, and wasps’ nests. Monks and nuns, &c. (see § 44, down to) inspect them. Those are the small caves or lairs.
What is understood by small moisture? Small moisture is declared to be of five kinds; dew, hoar¬ frost k fog, hailstones, and damps. Monks and nuns.
* Uddawi^a, mosquitoes, gadflies, bugs.
Halika, explained by grzbakokila, which I take to mean the same as gr2hagolika, a kind of lizard; and vrahmam, a kind of wasps, ditto, of lizards.
® HallohaliyS, which is declared by the commentator to be synonymous with ahilo(^, sax&di, and kakklndi. Of these words only sara(^ is known; for it seems to be the same with Sanskrit sara/a or sara/u, ‘ chameleon, lizard,’ and Marithi sara/a, ‘ hedge- lizard.’
X KALPA sOtRA.
&c. (see § 44, down to) inspect this. That is small moisture. (45) 17. During the Paj^usan^ a monk might wish to frequent the abodes of householders for the sake of collecting alms. He is not allowed to go without asking leave of the teacher, or sub-teacher, or reli¬ gious guide, or Sthavira, or head of the Ga«a, or Ga;«adhara, or founder of the Gaua, or whom else he regards as his superior; he is allowed to go after having asked leave of one of these persons (in this way): ‘ I want with your permission to fre¬ quent the abodes of householders for the sake of collecting alms.’ If he (the superior) grants per¬ mission, one is allowed to go; if not, one is not allowed to go.
‘Why has this been said. Sir?’ ‘The teacher knows how to make good what has been done wrong.’ (46) The same rule applies concerning the visits to temples and leaving the house for easing nature^, or any other business, also the wandering from village to village. (47) 18. During the Paj^usan a monk might wish to take some medicine; he is not allowed to take it without asking leave of the teacher, &c. (see § 47, down to) founder of the Gana; but he is allowed to take it after having asked leave of one of these persons (in this way): ‘ I want. Sir, with your per¬ mission to take some medicine,’ viz. so much or so often. If he, &c. (see § 46, down to) wrong. (48) * The whole of the seventeenth rule holds good not only for the rainy season, but also for the rest of the year (rftubaddhakala).
^ Viharabhumd and vi/Jarabhumi, which in the A/JSrihga Sutra I have, according to the explanation of the commentary, translated ‘ places for study and religious practices.’
RULES FOR VATIS.
The same rule applies if a monk wants to undergo some medical cure. (49) Also if he wants to do some exalted penance. (50) Also if he intends, after the last mortification of the flesh which is to end in death, to wait for his last hour without desiring it, in total abstinence from food and drink or in remaining motionless; also if he wants to go out or to enter, to eat food, &c., to ease nature, to learn his daily lesson, to keep religious vigils—he is not allowed to do it without asking leave. (51) 19. If during the Pa^^usan a monk wants to dry or warm (in the sun) his robe, alms-bowl, blanket, broom, or any other utensil, he is not allowed with¬ out asking one or many persons to frequent the abodes of householders for the sake of collecting alms, to eat food, &c., to visit temples or leave the house for easing nature, to learn his daily lesson, to lie down with outstretched limbs or stand in some posture. If there is somebody near, one or many persons, then he should say: ‘ Sir, please mind this (robe, &c.) while I frequent the abodes of house¬ holders, &c. (see above, down to) posture.’ If that person promises to do it, then he (the monk) is allowed to go; if he does not promise it, then he is not allowed to go. (52) 20. During the Paj^^usan monks or nuns are not allowed to be without their proper bed or bench 1. This is the reason: A mendicant whose bed and bench are not reserved for his own use, are low and rickety, not sufficienCly fastened, without a fixed place, and never exposed to the sun, and ^ The commentator translates pl//^a, ‘ stool,’ and phalaka, ‘bench; ’ they are of course not the property of the mendicant, but only temporally reserved for his use.
KALPA S^TRA.
who is not circumspect in what he does, nor accus¬ tomed to inspect and clean the things of his use, will find it difficult to exercise control; (53) but on the contrary, control will be easy to him. (54) 21. During the Paj^san monks or nuns must always inspect three spots where to ease nature; not so in the summer and winter, as in the rainy season. ‘Why has this been said. Sir?’ ‘For in the rainy season living beings, grass, seeds, mildew, and sprouts frequently come forth.’ (55) 22. During the Paj^san monks or nuns must have three pots, one for ordure, one for urine, and a spitting-box. (56) Monks and nuns, who wear after the Pa^i^san their hair as short as that of a cow, are not allowed to do so during the Paj^^san after that night (of the fifth Bhddrapada); but a monk should shave his head or pluck out his hair k Shaving with a razor every month, cutting with scissors every half-month, plucking out every six months. (57) This is the conduct chiefly of Stha- viras during the rainy season^.
* After these words the text has pakkhiya arovaraa, which is explained in two ways: i. every half-month the tied strings on the bed should be untied and inspected; the same should be done with wicker-work (Pdavaraka; cf. Hindi daura, ‘ basket’); 2. every half¬ month prayaj'/^itta should be made. The commentator Samaya- sundara says that these words are not connected with the preceding and following ones; their import (paramartha) should be learned from a well-instructed brother (gitartha). I think that pakkhiya is not connected with paksha, ‘half-month,’ but with kerapaksha, ‘braid of hair, tresses;’ the two words, or rather the compound, would in that case denote arrangement of (or in) tresses or braids, and relate to nuns who do not, as far as I know, shave their head. A precept for nuns is just what would be expected at this place, after one for monks (^a) has been given.
* The last words are variously interpreted by the commentators.
RULES FOR YATIS.
23. During the Paj’^usan monks or nuns should not use harsh words after the commencement of the Pa_g^usan; if they do, they should be warned; ‘ Reverend brother (or sister), you speak unman¬ nerly.’ One who (nevertheless) uses harsh words after the commencement of the Pa^^san, should be excluded from the community. (58) 24. If, during the Pa^usan, among monks or nuns occurs a quarrel or dispute or dissension, the young monk should ask forgiveness of the superior, and the superior of the young monk. They should forgive and ask forgiveness, appease and be ap¬ peased, and converse without restraint^. For him who is appeased, there will be success (in control); for him who is not appeased, there will be no suc¬ cess; therefore one should appease one’s self. ‘ Why has this been said. Sir?’ ‘ Peace is the essence of monachism.’ (59) 25. During the Pa^usan monks or nuns should have three lodging-places; (two) for occasional use, Therakappa is said to mean ‘old monks,’ for young and strong ones must pluck out their hair every four months. It usually denotes the conduct of ordinary monks, in opposition to the Gi?;a- kappa; if taken in this sense, the whole passage is made out to mean that even one who, because of sickness of his scalp, is dis¬ pensed from tearing out his hair, must do it in the rainy season, for then the precept is binding both for Ginakalpikas and Sthavira- kalpikas. According to the interpretation I have followed the words saOTva^y^i^arie va therakappe are a sort of colophon to the rules 17-22, and indicate that these rules apply to Sthavirakal- pikas, but not exclusively (va), as some apply to Ginakalpikas also. The phrase s,a.m\dJtkhd,x\ya, therakappa occurs also at the beginning of § 62, and has there a similar meaning.
* According to the commentary, they should ask each other the meaning of the Sfitras.
KALPA S<JTRA.
which must be inspected; one for constant use, which must be swept (6o) 26. During the Pa^^san monks or nuns should give notice of the direction or intermediate direction in which they intend to go forth for the sake of begging alms. ‘ Why has this been said, Sir?’ ‘ During the Pa^usan the reverend monks frequently undertake austerities; an ascetic becoming weak and exhausted might swoon or fall down. (In case of such an accident the remaining) reverend monks will under¬ take their search in that direction or intermediate direction (which the ascetic had named them). (61) 27. During the Pa^usan monks or nuns are not allowed to travel farther than four or five Yq^anas and then to return. They are allowed to stay in some intermediate place, but not to pass there (at the end of their journey) the night. (62) Of those Nirgrantha monks who follow, &c. (see A/^ 4 ranga Sfitra II, 15, v end, down to)...these (rules regulating) the conduct of Sthaviras in the rainy season, some will reach perfection, &c. (see § 124, down to) be freed from all pains in that same life, some in the next life, some in the third birth; ' I deviate from the interpretation of the commentators, who give veuvviyd (or veu//iya v. L), which I have rendered ‘ for occasional use,’ the sense of ‘ repeatedly.’ But as they give sai^^iya the meaning ‘used,’ and as the practice justifies my translation, I am rather confident about the correctness of my conjecture. The practice, as related by the commentator, is this: The Uparraya where the monks live must be swept in the morning, when the monks go out begging, at noon, and in the afternoon at the end of the third prahara; the other twoUpa^rayas must be daily inspected, lest somebody else occupy them, and be swept every third day.
^ And this only in case of need, to fetch medicine, &c. In ordinary cases the third rule applies.
RULES FOR YATIS.
3II none will have to undergo more than seven or eight births. (63) In that period, in that age the Venerable Ascetic Mahivira, in the town of Ri^agrfha, in the A'aitya Gu»adlaka, surrounded by many monks and nuns, by many men and women of the laity, by many gods and goddesses, said thus, spoke thus, declared thus, explained thus; he proclaimed again and again the Lecture called Paryusha/^ikalpa with its application, with its argumentation, with its information, with its text, with its meaning, with both text and meaning, with the examination of the meaning.
Thus I say. (64) End of the Rules for Yatis.
End of the Kalpa Sutra.
J INDEX Abhi^it, name of an asterism, p. 281.
Abhinandana, name of the fourth Tirthakara, 280.
Abhiyajasa, name of a Kula, 292.
Accomplishments, the sixty-four, of women, 282.
Adbhuta Kalpa, 194.
Affects, enumerated, 262.
Aj-ita, name of the second Tirtha¬ kara, 280.
Agnibhuti, name of a Gawadhara, Agnidatta, 289.
Agnivejyi) ana, name of a gotra, Aharatiaiya, 146.
Ahiaisa, doctrine of, 38.
Ailapatya, name of a gotra, 287, A/falabhratri, name of a Gaaadhara, Akampita, name of a Gaaadhara, 286.
Alabhika, name of a town, 264.
Alms-bowls, what they should be made of, 166.
Amagandha, 2301.
Ananta, name of the fourteenth Tir¬ thakara, 280.
Anasrava, 37.
Afiga, title of works, 221.
Anidana, 40.
Animals, eight kinds of, ii.
Ahka, a certain posture, 187.
Ano^^a, daughter of Mahavira, 193.
Anuddhari, name of small insects, Ara, name of the eighteenth Tirtha¬ kara, 280.
Arati, 17.
Arhaddatta, 293 (bis).
Arhat, title of Ginas, 36, 225, &c. Arishtanemi, name of the twenty- second Tirthakara, 276. Arithmetics, 221.
Ar^ya, name of a Lava, 263.
Arts, hundred, 282.
Aryadatta, 274.
Arya^ayanti, name of a Sakha, 288, Aryaghosha, 274.
Arya/fetaka, name of a Kula, 292. Aryakuberi, name of a Sakha, 293. Aryanigiia, name of a SSkha, 288, Aryapadma, name of a Sakha, 293. Aryapadmila, name of a Sakha, Aryar/shipalita, name of a Sakha, Aryatapasi, name of a Sakha, 288, Aryava^ra, name of a Sakha, 293. Ascetic, compared to a warrior, — untrue, 17.
Asha^&a, name of an asterism, 278. Asha^/M, name of a month, 281. Airamapada, name of a park, 283. Asrava, 37, 76.
Asthikagrama, name of a town, 264. Astronomy, 221.
Asura, 198.
Aivasena, king of Benares, 271. Aivina, name of a month, 191. Atharva-veda, 221.
Avadhi knowledge, 223.
Ayus, 269.
Baladeva, 225.
GAINA SUTRAS.
Balissaha, 289.
Bhadra, name of a Sthavira, 294 (bis)^.
Bhadrabahu, name of a Sthavira, Bhadrapada, name of a month, 308. Bhadrayaaas, 291.
Bhadrayaaaska, name of a Kula, 291. Bhadrika, name of a nun, 264. Bhadriyika, name of a 5 akha, 291. Bhagavat, title of Ginas, 36. Bharadvaiga, name of a gotra, 286, Bharatavarsha, 190, 218, &c. BharuWa, a fabulous bird, 261. Bhavanapati, one of the four orders of gods, 191, &c.
Bhuta, 289.
Birds, young, likened to disciples, Birth, 18.
Bodies, 3 n 2.
BrahmadvipikS, name of a Sakha, Brahma Kalpa, 195.
BrahmaHrin, name of a monk, 274. Brahmaliptika, name of a SSkha, Brahmasas and Sramaaas, 38, &c. Brahmasundari, name of a nun, Buddha, epithet of Mahavira, 264. Buddhabodhita, 66 n i.
Categories, sixty, 221.
Ceremonial, 221.
Clothes, what they should be made — how many to be worn, 157.
— should not be dyed, 163.
Dasikarbatika, name of a Sakha, Datta (Dinna), name of a Sthavira, — name of a night, 265.
Devarddhi, name of a Sthavira, 295. Dhammapada, 212 n i.
Dhanagiri, name of a Sthavira, 293, Dhanarddhi, 290.
Dharma, name of different Stha- — name of the fifteenth Tirthakara, 280.
Dinars, denar, 233.
Dirghabhadra, 289.
Diseases, various kinds of, 18, 19.
— enumerated, 53.
Dream-book, 246.
Dreams, interpreters of, 244, &c.
— various kinds of, 246.
— those of Tri/ala described, 230, DushamasushamS period, 189, 218, Eravati, name of a river, 297.
Flowers, various kinds enumerated, GvJtkhn, chapter of monks, °nirgata, Gama, identical passages, 72 n 2.
Ga»adatta, 289.
Gandharvas, 237.
Gahgivarta, name of a whirlpool, Gasika, name of a Kula, 291. Garu^fas, gods, 189.
Gautama, name of a gotra, 286,289, — the Nirgrantha, 202.
Gautamiya, name of a 5 akhS, 292. Gavedhuka, name of a 5 akha, 291. Girnar, a mountain, 277, 279. Godasa, name of a Sthavira, 288.
Grammar, 221.
Guhya, 152.
Gymnastic exercises, hall for, 242.
Galandharayawa, name of a gotra, Gambu, name of a Sthavira, 295.
— name of another monk, 289.
INDEX.
GambunSman = Gambu, 287.
Gambusvamin = Gambu, i.
Gasawsa, name of Mahavira, 193, Gayanta, name of a Sthavira, Gehila {GetthWa), name of a Stha¬ vira, 294.
Gina, title, 201, 203.
Giva, identical with atman, 3 n 2.
G»atri or GMtWka, clan of Kshatri- G«atr/putra, name of Mahavira, 76, G«atrishaWa, name of a park, 199.
Gyotishka, one of the four orders of Haridraka, name of a Kula, 292.
Harita, name of a gotra, 291.
HaritamSl^ari, name of a Sakha, Haritayana, name of a gotra, 286.
Hariva»2ja, 92.
Hastilipta (Hatthili^^a), name of a Kula, 290.
Hastin, name of a Sthavira, 294.
Heretic, 25.
ikshvSku, 92, 218.
Indra, 92.
Indrabhuti, name of a Ga«adhara, — name of another man, 265.
Indradatta (Dinna), name of a Stha¬ Indrapuraka, name of a Kula, 291.
Ihgitamarana, a religious death, 72 laSna, different from Indra, 198.
Island, never covered with water, likened to an ascetic, 58, 61.
Itihasa, 221.
Itvara, a religious death, 7203.
Jewels, different kinds of, 238.
— sixteen kinds of, 227.
Kikandika, 291.
Kllaka, name of a Sthavira, 294.
Kamarddhi, 291.
Kamarddhika, name of a Kula, 291.
Karman, 2.
Karttika, name of a month, 276. Kaji, kings of, 266.
Karyapa, name of a gotra, 193, 218, Kisyapiya, name of a Sakha, 292. Karibandhana, 7302.
Katyayana, name of a gotra, 287. KauWinya, name of a gotra, 193, KaujambikS, name of a Sakha, 290. Kausika, name of a gotra, 290, 293.
Kautsa, name of a gotra, 294. Kaurumbini, name of a Sakha, 290. Kevala, 2, &c.
Kheyanna, 29.
Kinnaras, 237.
Koifinya, 290.
Kojala, kings of, 266.
Kosalian, native of Ayodhya, 281. Ko/ivarshiya, name of a Sakha, 288. Knsh»a, the line of, a celestial region, 195.
Kroja, 297.
Ksha»a, a division of time, 262. Kshemaliptika, name of a Sakha, 291. Kshudratman, name of a graha, 265. Kubera, 293.
Kulakara, 281 n 2.
Ku«ala, name of a town, 297. KuWadhari. See Kaurumbini. Ku«ifagrama,Mahdvira’sbirth-place, KuWala, name of a gotra, 291. KuWapura, Mahavira’s birth-place, Kunthu, name of the seventeenth Tirthakara, 280.
Aampi, name of a town, 262. ATampiyika, name of a Sakha, 291. ^Tandana, name of a nun, 267. Kandanagari, name of a Sakha, 290.
GAINA S^JTRAS.
ATandra, name of a year, 265. ATandraprabha, name of the eighth Ttrthakara, 280.
ATandraprabha, name of a palankin, Afara«a, name of a Ga«a, 291. ATMluya, or AT/iiuluya. See Roha- gupta.
Khnkkhii, an interjection, 84.
ATitri, name of an asterism, 276. ATolapattaka, 73 n 2.
LaiM, name of a country, 84, 85. Lake, compared to a teacher, 49. Laukantika, gods, 195, 256, 272. Lava, a division of time, 262, 265. Leader of the battle, epithet of a monk, 61.
'Lekkh2ik\. See Li^itovi, 266 n i. Liberation, its nature inexpressible in words, 52.
lAkkhdiVX, princes of Kojala, 266. Lives, six kinds of, 14.
Living beings, all sorts of, 14, &c.
Madhyama, name of a rSakha, 293. Madhyamika (Ma^^Mmilla), name of a Sakha, 292.
Mahagiri, name of a Sthavira, 287, Maharddhika, 165.
Mahasuvrata, female lay votary, 278. Mahavideha, name of a country, Mahavira, venerable ascetic, 191, See.
Maighika, name of a Kula, 291. Maker of an end, 269, &c.
Mallaki, princes of Kari, 266.
Malli, name of the nineteenth Tir- thakara, 280.
Maloha^fa, 106 n i.
Malyaka, name of a Kula, 292. Ma«aka, 287.
Manava, name of a Gasa, 292. Mandara, mount, 261. Man<fikaputra, name of a Ga«a- dhara, 286.
Ma«ibhadra, 289.
Margajiras, name of a month, 194, Masapurika, name of a Sakha, 290. Marmara, name of a gotra, 287, 288, Matipattrika, name of a Sakha, 29. Mauryaputra, name of a Gawadhara, Megha, 291.
Mekhaliyika (Mehalig^iya), name of a Sakha, 291.
Metarya, name of a Ga»adhara, 286. Metre, 221.
Milk Ocean, 199.
Mithila, name of a town, 264.
Monk’s hall, 88.
Mukta, name of a respiration, 265.
— epithet of Mahavira, 265. Mukunda, 92.
Munisuvrata, name of the twentieth Tirthakara, 280.
Musical instruments, different kinds, Nabhi, first king, 287.
Naga, gods, 198.
— name of a Karana, 265.
— name of a Sthavira, 294.
— proper name, 290.
Nagabhuta, name of a Kula, 290. Nagaputra, 290.
Nagar^una, 32 n 2.
Nagila, name of a Sthavira, 288. Nakshatra, name of a Sthavira, 294. Nalanda, name of a town, 264.
Name and gotra, Karman relating to, Nami, name of the twenty-first Tir¬ thakara, 280.
Nanda, a lay votary, 278. Nandanabhadra, 289.
Nandika (Nandi^^a), name of a Kula, 290.
Nandita, name of a Sthavira, 295. Nandivardhana, name of the elder brother of Mahavira, 193.
— name of a fortnight, 265. Nigghawm, 221.
Nirgrantha, 28, &c.
Nirrfti, name of a night, 265. Non-Aryan people, 137.
Nurses, five kinds of, 192.
Occupations, the three, of men, Oggaha (avagraha), 23 ns.
Padma, 293.
INDEX.
Padmaprabha, name of the sixth Tirthakara, 280.
Padmila, name of a Sthavira, 288. PalyopamS, a long period of time, PSWubhadra, 289.
Paovagama»a, a religious death, 73. Papa, name of a town, 269. Parigraha, 23.
Parihasaka, name of a Kula, 290. Pari««a, comprehension and renun¬ ciation, I n 2.
Parisrava, 37 n i.
P^rjva, name of the twenty-third Tirthakara, 194, 271.
Paryahka, a certain posture, 187. Passions, enumerated, 35.
Paurushi, wake of the day or night, Paushya, name of a month, 273. Phalgumitra, name of a Sthavira, Plants, endowed with intellect, 10. Players and other performers, 253. Policemen, 252.
Poshadha, 266.
Prabhasa, name of a Ga»adhara, 286. Prabhava, name of a Sthavira, 287. Priiina, name of a gotra, 287, 288. Pri»ata Kalpa, 271.
Pra^navahanaka, name of a Kula, Preaching, 27.
Prishti^ampa, name of a town, 264. Pritidharmika, name of a Kula, 292. Pritivardhana, 265.
Priyadarjana, daughter of Mahavira, Priyagantha, 293.
Priyakari»i, name of Trijala, 193. Pronunciation, 221. PuWravardhaniya, name of a Sakha, Pu«yabhadra, 289.
Pushpadanta, name of the ninth Tirthakara, 280.
Pushpagiri, name of a Sthavira, 293.
Pushpa.^ula, name of a nun, 274. Pushpottara, name of a Vimlna, Pushyamitrika, name of a Kula, 292. Quality, 15.
R%agr/ha, capital of Magadha, 264, Raksha, name of a Sthavira, 294. Ratha, name of a Sthavira, 293. Reciprocity, law of, 13.
RewS, 289.
Renunciation of Mahavira, 257. Retinue of a king, 243.
Revati, name of a female lay votary, Revatika, name of a park, 277. Ri^upalika, name of a river, 263. Rohagupta, 290.
Rohana, 290.
Rudra, 92.
R/^gumati, 289.
R/g-veda, 221.
R/shabha, name of the first Tirtha¬ Rishidatta, 293.
Rishidattika, name of a Kula, 292. Rishigupta, 292.
Rishiguptika, name of a Kula, 292. Rishipalita, 293.
Sadharmika, 70.
Sagaropama, a long period of time, Samadhi, 49 n 2.
Sama-veda, 221.
Samaya, 2303.
— a division of time, 262.
Sambhava, name of the third Tir¬ thakara, 280.
Samita, 293.
Samkajika (SaOTka/yika?), name of SaOTkha/i, 9302.
Sampalita, name of a Sthavira, 394.
GAINA SUTRAS.
Samparyanka, a certain posture, Samudravi^aya, king of Sauripura, Sandhi, 3104.
Sarvarthasiddha, name of a Vimana, — name of a Muhurta, 265.
Saudharma Kalpa, a celestial re¬ gion, 222.
— Avatawzsaka, a celestial abode, Saumya, 274.
Saurashtrika, name of a SSkha, Self, the Knower, 50.
Sena, 289.
Senika, 293.
ShaWavana, name of a park, 259. Siddha, epithet of Mahavira, 264.
— name of a Stoka, 265. Siddhartha, father of Mahavira, 191, Siddharthavana, name of a park, Siwiha, name of a Sthavira, 294. Siwihagiri Gatismara, name of a Sthavira, 288, 293.
Sin, causes of, 2.
Skanda, 92.
Snake gods, 92.
Soittiya. See Sautaptika. Somabhuta, name of a Kula, 290. Somadatta, 289.
Soul, 2.
Sthavira, 286, Sthiragupta, name of a Sthavira, Sthulabhadra, name of a Sthavira, Stoka, a division of time, 262, 265. Subbhabhfimi, name of a country, Subhadr^, name of a female lay votary, 284.
Sudarjana, elder sister of Mahavira, Sudharman, name of a Gasadhara, — name of a council hall of the gods, 222.
Suhastin, name of a Sthavira, 288, Suicide, 68 n 5.
Sulasa, name of a female lay votary, Sumanobhadra, 289.
Sumati, name of the fifth Tirtha- kara, 280.
Sunanda, name of a female lay vo- Suparjva, name of the seventh Tir- thakara, 280.
— paternal uncle of Mahavira, 193. Supratibuddha, name of a Sthavira, Suras, 198.
Sushama, name of a period, 189, Sushamasushama, name of a period, Susthita, name of a Sthavira, 288, Suvidhi, name of the ninth Tirtha- kara, 280.
Suvrata, name of a lay votary, 274.
— name of a gotra, 294.
Suvr.itagni, name of a day, 265. Svastika, 190.
Svati, name of an asterism, 189, 218, Sakatamukha, 283.
Sakra, 222.
5 ^(filya, name of a Sthavira, Sankhaaataka, name of a lay votary, 5 anti, name of the sixteenth Tir- thakara, 280.
5 antisenika, 293.
Sauripura, name of a town, 276. Sayyambhava, name of a Sthavira, 5 irarddhi, 290.
5 iitala, name of the tenth Tirtha- kara, 280.
SivI, name of a queen, 276. Sivabhuti, name of a Sthavira, 294. Srama»as, 194, &c.
Srava»a, name of a month, 275, Sravasti, name of a town, 264. Sravastika, name of a 5 akha, 291. SreySwisa, name of the eleventh Tirthakara, 280.
— name of Mahavira, 193, 256.
INDEX.
Sreyamsa, name of a lay votary, 5 ridhara, 274.
Tamraliptika, name of a 5 akha, Tapasa, name of a Sthavira, 288. Tasa = trasa, 3 n 2.
Tirthakara, 224.
Tishyabhadra, 289.
Trairajika, name of a 5 akha, 290. Treasures, hiding-places of, 248. Tree, likened to a worldly man, 53. Trijala, mother of Mahivira, 191, Tortoise, likened to a worldly man, Tuhgikayana, name of a gotra, 53.
Uddeha, name of a Gana, 290. Uifumbarika, name of a 5 ikha, VWa^akkha, name of a Kula, 290. Upananda, 289.
Upahga, 221.
Upajama, name of a day, 265. Upa;raya, 115.
Uttara, 289.
Uttarabalissaha, name of a Ga«a, Uttarakura, name of a palankin, Uttaraphalguni,name of an asterism, Uttarash^Aa, name of an asterism, Va^^abhumi, name of a country, Va^ra, name of a Sthavira, 288, Va^-ranagarf, name of a Sakha, Va^rasena, name of a Sthavira, 288, Va^ri, name of a Sakha, 292. Vauakha, name of a month, 201, Vai^all, capital of Videha, 264.
Varna, name of a queen, 271.
Va»i^agrama, name of a town, Vaniya, name of a Kula, 292.
Varadatta, 277.
Vardhamana, name of Mahavira, Vardhamanaka, 190.
VasishrAa, 274.
VasishrAa, name of a gotra, 191, &c., Vasish/Siya, name of a Sakha, 292.
Vasudeva, 225.
Vasup%ya, name of the twelfth Tir¬ thakara, 280.
Vatsa, name of a gotra, 287, 293.
Vatsaliya, name of two Kulas, 291, Vayubhuti, name of a Ga«adhara, Vedaniya, 269.
Vejavaiika, name of a Ga»a, 291.
Videha, native country of Mahavira, Videhadatta (Minna), name of Tri¬ Vidyadharagopala, 293.
Vidyadharas, 197.
Vidyadhari, name of two Sakhas, Vi^aya, name of a muhurta, 199, Vimala, name of the thirteenth Tir¬ thakara, 280.
Vimana, celestial abode, 190, 218.
Vimanavasin, one of the four orders of gods, 191.
VinitS, name of a town, 283.
Virabhadra, 274.
Vijakha, name of an asterism, Vijala, name of a palankin, 273.
Vish«u, name of a Sthavira, 294.
Vows, three, 63.
Water-bodies, 5.
GAINA sOtRAS.
Women, 21.
Yaj-ur-veda, 221.
Yaksha, 289.
Yakshadatta (Minna), 289. Yakshas, 92.
Yakshi«i, name of a nun, 278. Yajas, 274.
Ya/obhadra, name of a monk, 289.
— name of a Kula, 291.
— name of a Sthavira, 287. Yajoda, wife of Mahavira, 193. Ydars, former, 58.
Yoga, 15 n s.
Transliteration of Oriental Alphabets adopted for the Translations OF THE Sacred Books of the East.
32 2 TRANSLITERATION OF ORIENTAL ALPHABETS CO OSOtHCSl i-« fHCvlWW CMCsI<NCSIC^CMC^COCOCOCOCOCOCO CO, FOR THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST o OOCiO’^WCO'^tOCOb- 58 Anusvara 59 Visarga.
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