I. By parallel vertical lines, crossed at right angles by hori- zontal lines, the whole surface of the engraved part of the paper or parchment is divided into a certain number of compartments.
II. To the left, of the left hand one, of the vertical columns thus formed, is attached a correspondent vertical column, com- posed of the letters of the alphabet, with any such number of ad- ditional marks of the same nature, as may be necessary for the designation of the total number of the compartments in that column: as A. B. Sec. A a, A b, &c. B a, B b, &,c.
III. Over the highest horizontal line runs a line of numbers, in numerical order; one over each vertical column.
IV. By means of a letter or pair of letters, with a number added to it, each compartment in the Map, will thus have its distinctive name. The letter will shew the place of the com- partment in the horizontal line: the number will shew the place of the compartment in the vertical line.
V. Thus the first compartment on the left at top will be A. 1: the next to it in the horizontal line at top, will be A. 2.; the next below it in the vertical line, B. 1.
VI. The several places, mentioned in the Map, are set down in the margin of it, in the alphabetical order of their names. Immediately after the name of each place, comes the letter and number of the compartment, w ithiu which it will be found.
VII. As for example, Abingdon, D. 7; if that be the com- partment within which that town is placed in the Map.
VIII. Of this series of names, with such their respective accom- paniments, entered, as above, on the margin, is composed an Index to the Map. It is called the Marginal Index.
IX. The lines, by which the boundaries of the compartments are expressed, are called Indicative lines, Index lines, Lines of reference, or Reference lines.
X. These lines of reference are to be expressed in such man- ner, as to be as clearly distinguished as possible from the ordi- nary geographical lines, expressive of longitude and latitude.
For example: by diflference of colour, or by their being, the one undiscontinued in the manner of an ordinary line, the other composed of dots.
Art 16. Here follows the mode in which the Districts are to be marked out.
In the operation, the Commissioners will have for their object the rendering these portions of territory as nearly equal to one another in respect of population, as the necessarily and conti- nually changeable condition of every portion of country, in respect of population, and the regard due to local convenience, will allow.
As they proceed in their survey, they will note and set down the several Habitations in each Parish or other such Place.
In each Habitation, they will inquire out, and set down, the numbers of the Inhabitants, under the distinctions of sex and age. Of the male Inhabitants, the age will be to be noted: of the female Inhabitants, not.
To this purpose. Habitations are to be distinguished into sim- ple and compound.
A simple Habitation is a habitation inhabited by one House- holder,* and no more: and thus containing but one Household.
A compound Habitation is a Habitation containing House- holders, and thus Households, more than one.
Instances of compound Habitation are — I. An ordinary House, when it happens to be inhabited by more Householders than one: II. An Edifice, designed to contain, and accordingly containing, divers Habitations; as a College, an Alms House, an Hospital, an Inn of Court: * Note XV.
5S § 9. Elect to fi Districts.
III. An Edifice which, though not principally designed for habitation, yet incidentally aflfords lodging to Householders, one or more: as the Treasury, the East India House, a Town Hall, or any other Public Office.
Art. 17. For these purposes it will be necessary, that net only each Habitation, but in each Compound Habitation eath Household, shall have its distinctive name.
These names will be constituted by words and figures, for which see Section 10.
The name of the Habitation will be composed of the name of the Approach to it, with a number (to wit) the name of an arithmetical number, annexed.
Of what is meant by Approach, the words Edgware Roadf Hounslozo Heath, Kew Green, Putney Common, Parliameftt Street, Chancery Lane, Grosvenor Square, Palace Yard, will serve for the present as examples. See Section 10.
Art. 18. As the populatiiin comes thus to have been ascer- tained, the numbers expressive of it will be set down in the Map Avith reference to the division into Parishes.
So likewise, with reference to the Compartments in the Map, as per Article 15.
In each Parish, section of a Parish, or extra-parochial place, as the case may be, Males so many; Females so many; Males, of such and such ages.
So in each Compartment.
Art. 19- When the United Kingdom has thus been laid down in the general Map, and the several Habitations with their Ir»- habitants n ted down in it, then and not before will be the time for de'crminiiig and marking out the Division into Districts and Sub-Districts; always with a view to equality of population, as between every one and every other.
Art. 20. In the marking out of Districts and Sub-Districts, the Commissioners are to be guided by the division into Parishes, sections of Parishes, and Extra-parochial places.
On this occasion they are not to divide a Parish, or Section, or Extra-parochial place in such sort as to allot one part to one District or Sub-District, and another part to another; Unless, for want of such division, the inconvenience should be in an adequate degree considerable, I. In respect of length of journeys * to and from the Polling District; Or, il. in respect of inequality of population, as between Dis- trict and District. *f- Section 10. VOTE-MAKING HABITATIONS, HOW DEFINED.
Art. 1. The operations, ordained by this Section, have for their purpose the determining with precision what individuals shall pos- sess on each occasion the right of suffrage.
The mode employed, is that of reference made to the Habita- tions which they respectively inhabit.
For this purpose, it is necessary to appoint a set of marks by which every such Habitation may at all times be manifestly known to have that effect; and may at the same time be indisputably distinguished from every other.
The sort of mark employed for this purpose is the name of some Approach to it, with the addition of some numerical Jigure or figures, as per Section 9, Article 17.
It differs no otherwise from what is every where already in use, than by being fashioned to the degree of conciseness and unifor- mity which is necessary to adapt it to the present purpose.
Art. 2. The name of an Approach is to be composed of two words, and no more: the first constituting the individualizing part of the name; the other, the specific part: (to wit) the name of the species of Approach.
Thus, in Downing Street, Downing is the individualizing part; Street, the specific part.
Where the name in present use contains, as above, two words * Note XVI. t Note XVII.
and no more, it will, without special reason for alteration, be preserved unaltered.
Where it consists of but one word, this word will be the indivi- dualizing part of its name, and a specific part will be to be added.
Thus Whitehall may become White Hall Street.
Where the name contains more than two words, all that are above two are to be omitted. Thus Saint Anne's Street becomes Anne Street.
Where, for their present name, two or more Streets have, each of them, some individual name, with an adjective or other dis- tinctive name, different in each, added to it, — the distinctive names are to be both omitted: the two Approaches are to be thence- forward designated by one and the same name.
Or else let a new name be given to one or each of them.
Thus, in the case of Upper Brook Street and Lower Brook Street, either Upper and Lower may be both omitted, and the two Streets thus reduced to one; Or, if they are kept distinct, the name of one may remain un- changed; and in this case a new name will be to be given to the other.
Thus, if Upper Brook Street is named Brook Street, Lower Brook Street may be named River Street.
The case of the two-worded name being the most common case, in general no change will need to be made. In no instance let any change be made, unless for special reason assigned.
But, for avoidance of confusion, let matters be so ordered that in no Parish shall any two Approaches stand designated in the Maps by the same name.
So, neither in any Polling District.
Art. 3. Of every Habitation, whether simple or compound, the name is to be composed of two parts, the verbal and the numerical.- The verbal pnrt is to be the name of the Approach; the nume- rical part is to be the name of the number, in the common arabic character, as is at present customary on house-doors.
In the case of each approach, the numbers are to follow one another, as usual, in the order of the numeration table.
An. 4. Where the Habitation is near or contiguous to more Approaches than one, the verbal part of the name is to be the name of some one and no more of the several Approaches: of one or of another, as may be most convenient.
Art. 5. Where the Habitation is a compound one, there, in the marginal index of the Map, as per Section 9, add to the name of the number the letter C.
And distinguish from each other the several Households in it by numbers, in the same manner as simple Habitations are to be distinguished, as per Article 3.
Art. 6. A simple Habitation may give any number of Inmates' votes; but it can give no more than one Householder vote.
A compound Habitation gives as many Householders' votes, as it contains Households having each its Householder of the male sex.
In addition to each Householder's vote, it may give any number of Inmates' votes.
Art. 7. A Household, which on one day has for its House- holder a person of the female sex, may, on another day, have for its Householder a person of the male sex.
This considered,'* let no Habitation or Household be omitted in the Account, by reason that the Householder is a female.
But let Females' Households be distinguished by an appropriate mark; for instance the letter F.
Art. 8. In the marginal index of each Map, as per Section 9, the approaches are to be set down in the alphabetical order of the individualizing parts, and not under that of the specific parts of their names. Thus Downing Street will stand before Exchange Alley; although Alley would stand before Street.
For it is by the individualizing part of its name that the object is principally distinguished. The specific parts are in many in- * Note XVIII.
stances indiscriminately applicable. In this case, for example, are the words Road, Street, Lane. Not so the words Street, Square, Crescent.
Aft. 9. Under the direction of the Election-Master-General, Door-plates, resembling those iu common use, but on a uniform plan, to be iixed, one on some one door of every Habitation in the United Kingdom, shall for this purpose be provided.
The use of them is — to make it known, at all times, to all persons concerned, what Habitations confer votes, and what do not: and thus save the need of applying on every occasion to a Register; and at the same time afibrd uidications for securing the correctness of the Books in which Votes are registered. * Art. 10. In the provision made respecting Door-plates for this purpose, — cheapness, durability, and uniformity, will be to be attended to.
Uniformity is of itself a help to cheapness: — since the greater the number made on the same pattern, the cheaper the article may be afforded.
Its durability will be the greater, the more effectually, in case of depredation, its marketable value would, in the act of depreda- tion, be destroyed.
For this purpose it should be as thin as is consistent with natural durability: and, by a pin passing through the door, it may be effectually festened in the inside.
Having regard to these objects, it will be for the Election- Master-General to determine — in what, if any, proportion these implements shall be furnished from his Office, and in what, if any, proportion, from any and what other places.
The Plates themselves being thus provided, the Inscriptions may, perhaps, be most advantageously made by Stamping Ma- chines, one to be kept at each District Office, as per Section 5.
For, the several appropriate inscriptions can no otherwise be ascertained than from the Maps; » Note XIX.
And of the territory comprehended in the District, there ^»ill of course be a general Map kept in the District Office.
Also a set of Maps of the several Parishes and Parish-like places contained in it. * Art. 1 1. For the affixing of the Door-plates, persona are to be provided, by authority, in each District.
In each District they are regularly to be appointed by the Poll Clerk.
But in any Districts the Election-Master-General may direct that they shall be appointed by the respective District Clerks.
The Districts, in which the demand for the exercise of this power is most likely to occur, are those which are completely Town Districts: The reason is — that in Town Districts, the extent of gronnd requisite to be traversed will be comparatively so inconsiderable: so that in one Town District a smaller number might perhaps suffice than would be necessary in each one of the whole number of Sub- Districts contained in a Country District.
A Door-plate Fixer is removable at any time by the authority by which he was appointed.
For the guidance of Door-plate Fixers in the performance of their duty, the Election Master will, from time to time, furnish Instructions.
Before the tenor of the instrument is definitively determined, he will cause it to be communicated to the several District Clerks and Sub- District Clerks, in such sort as to receive any such sug«. gestions as they may respectively see reason to communicate.
To each Door-plate Fixer shall be delivered a printed copy of such instructions, signed by the Office-bearer by whom he has been appointed, -f- Art. 12. In the interval between Election and Election, fresh rights of suffrage will have come into existence. This effect will have been produced in every one of four ways; * Note XX. t Note XXL I. New Habitations will have been erected, and become in- habited by Householders; II. Habitations, that for a time had been uninhabited, will have received Inhabitants and thence Householders; III. Habitations, whether simple or compound, will have re- ceived additions to the number of their Householders.
IV. Households will have passed from female into male hands; and will thus, in each instance, have given birth to a fresh vote.
This considered, here follows the provision made for the giving publicity and effect to the several rights of suffrage, as they come into existence.
[ ] days at the least before the earliest day for the receiving of blank vote-making Certificates, to be filled up for the purpose of the then next Election, as per Sections 2 and 7, every person, who in any one of the above four ways, has come into possession of a right of suffrage, applies in person or by his Agent, at the Polling Office, for notoriety and effect to be given to such his right.
The demand made, and [Is.] paid, appropriate mention is thereupon made, in his presence, in the Registers of the Office, in the margin of the Map of the Polling District as kept in the Polling Oflfice, and in the margin of that copy of the Map of the Parish in question which is kept in the Polling Office.
At the same time he receives a Certificate, in which the exist- ence of these entries is declared, and an assurance given, that, on or before a day therein mentioned, an appropriate Door-plate will have been fixed, on the door of the Household of which he is Householder.
For the fixing of such Door-plate, within the time so described, the Poll Clerk is accordingly responsible.
Art. 13. By the converse of the several events brought to view in Article 1 2, rights of suffrage will have become extinct.
For the making of the requisite entries and the requisite changes in Door-plates, it belongs to the Election-Master-Ge- neral to take order, and by printed circidars from time to time to transmit Directions, correspondent in tenor or effect, to the several Polling Office?.
Art. 14. In several parts of Great Britain, for various purposes Parishes have, as above, been considered as divided into Sub- parishes, called Tythings or Townships.
In relation to every such Sub-parish, it rests with the Election- Master-General, in each instance, to determine, whether, to the purposes of this Act, as per Section 9, Article 20, it shall be considered as included in the Parish of which it forms a part,, or on the footing of a separate Parish.
Art. 15. In divers parts of Great Britain, are to be found tracts of land, which have never been considered, at least to all purposes, as included within the limits of any Parish; these have accordingly been known by the name of Extra-parochial places.
As often as, in the course of their operations, the Com- missioners come to any such Extra-parochial place, they shall proceed in relation thereto, in tlie same manner as in relation to a Parish.
Art. l6. As to the Map, they may, in this case, attach it to the Map of any contiguous Parish at their choice: regard being had to convenience in respect of bulk and other particulars: dis- tinguishing it in this case by some particular colouring.
Or they may consign the representation of it to a separate Map.
Such separate Map they shall cause to be deposited in the Vestry of some contiguous Parish: in the. choice of such Parish, they will have regard to the convenience of all parties interested.
Art. 17. In some instances, portions of territory subject to the same authorities are severed from each other.
Of this or that Parish, in this or that Hundred or other divi- sion of a County, one part is severed from another by one or more intervening Parishes.
Of this or that Parish, one part lies in one Hundred or other such Division; another, in another.
Of this or that Parish one part is in one County, another in another.
In a case of this sort, no part of a Parish shall, to the purposes of this Act, be considered as belonging to any part, from whidh it is in any of those ways severed: but each part shall either be considered as constituting a separate Parish, or shall be annexed to some other Parish, such as shall be pointed out, as above, by tegard to general convenience.
So, in the case of Sub-parishes, as above.
Of any such divided Township or Parish, or County, or Di- vision of a County, one part may accordingly be included in one District; another in another.
So likewise one part in one Polling District; another in another.
So even where, as in the ordinary case, the several territories are at present undivided.
Art. 18. So soon as Commissioners have been appointed, in a number sufficient to proceed on the business, — notice of such ap- fpointment, mentioning the days, shall, by the Election-Master- General, be caused to be inserted in the London Gazette.
From thence it may be inserted, tax free, in every periodical and other publication.
On the first day of every month, succeeding that in which such appointment shall have been completed, the several sets of Com- missioners shall respectively transmit to the Election-Master- General an account of their respective proceedings.
Of these several accounts, notices, with brief abstracts, shall, as soon as may be, and not later than within a week after they have respectively been received, be inserted in the London Ga- - zette.
From the London Gazette, they may forthwith be copied, tax free, into all other periodical publications.
Earh account, at length, shall, with all convenient speed, by the Election-Master-General, be transmitted for impression to, and be accordingly printed by, the King's Printer.
It shall be printed in at least two forms at the same time. " One shall be the cheapest legible form that can be devised.
This, as soon as printed, shall be transmitted, for sale, to each Polling District, to be sold at the Office, or at any such other places as the Election-Master General may appoint.
It shall be sold to retail customers at a price not exceeding [ten] per cent, upon the retail price of the paper on which it b printed.* Section 11. MEMBERS' CONTINUANCE.
Art. 1. Except as per Section 12, the term, during which a Representative of the people shaK, without a fresh Election, continue in his seat, shall in no case be longer than one year.
Art. 2. Throughout the kingdom, the day^ on which the new Representatives of the People are regularly to take their seats, is— [the first day of January^.
On that day, the Speaker shall, with such Members of the out- going Assembly of the Representatives as choose to attend, appear and deliver up the possession of the place of meeting to the in- coming Assembly. The in-coming Assembly, till its Speaker has entered into office, is presided by the Chief Clerk.
Art. 3. If, by any accident, the in-coming Assembly are on that day prevented from forming a House competent to do busi- ness, the out-going Assembly continues in the exercise of its functions, until the day on which the in-coming Assembly is com- petent to the exercise of them.
Art. 4. Dissolution is not produced by the decease or disability of the Monarch.* Art. 5. On the expiration of an Assembly, the business conti- nues in the hands of the new Assembly, as if they were one and the same.f Art. 6. In Committees, vacancies are accordingly filled up, as if produced by death or resignation.-j- * Note XXII. f Note XXIII.
Section 12. VACANCIES SUPPLIED.
Art. 1. A Seat in the Commons' House may be rendered va- cant by any one of nine causes:— 2. By election to divers seats.
3. By death.
4. By mental derangement.
5. By succession to a peerage.
6. By resignation.
7. By acceptance of a lucrative function under the Crown.
8. By acceptance of a peerage.
9. By expulsion.
Art. 2. [The first day of Jannary\ in every year, is the day appointed for the first meeting of a new Parliament.
On or before that day, every person who, having been elected Member for any District, chooses to serve, must, either in per- son or by letter (addressed to the Election-Master-General) sig- nify his acceptance.
Failing of such signification, the next day, a new writ is issued for a Member to be elected in his place.
Art. 3. Suppose the same person returned for divers Districts. If he does not choose to serve for any one of them, a fresh writ for each one is issued, as above.
If, choosing to serve for this or that one, he has signified his choice accordingly, fresh writs are issued for all, except that one.
Art. 4. In case of the death of a Member, the Election-Mas- ter-General, as soon as he has received what in his judgment is sufficient evidence of the fact, issues his writ for a fresh Election accordingly.
In the books of his Office, he makes entry of the evidence: as, for instance, letter from such or such a person; noting the day on which it reached the Office.
^ 13. Security for the House, S(c, 49 Art. 5. So, if a Member becomes afflicted with mental de- rangement.
Art. 6. So, if a Member comes by succession to a peerage. Art. 7. Every Member is at liberty to resign his seat at any time.
To do this, he signs the Form of Resignation hereto annexed, and delivers it, or causes it to be delivered, to the Speaker, at the sitting, or at the rising, of the House.
The Speaker, on receipt of it, attests it, and immediately trans- mits it to the National Election-office.
The Election-Master, on receipt of it, issues by the next post his writ for a fresh Election, as above.
Art. 8. Upon his acceptance of a lucrative function under the crown, as per list, a Member's seat becomes vacant, as if by death.
Art. 9. So, in case of his acceptance of a peerage.* Art. 10. For the case of expulsion, see Section 13. Art. 11. On a vacancy, if, by reason of distance, it is not pos- sible for a new Member to take his seat before the Session is at an end, no Election writ shall issue.
Section 13. SECURITY FOR THE HOUSE AGAINST DISTURBANCE BY MEMBERS.f Art. 1. In so far as such exclusion is necessary for securing its proceedings against disturbance, by annoyance in any shape, — the House has at all times power to exclude any of its Members.
But, on each occasion, the House shall and will declare, in particular, by what species of flnnopancc such OijSturbancct vvas effected, and by what individual instance of misbehaviour that species of annoyance was produced.
Art 2. For terminating, or preventing the repetition of, such » Note XXIV. t Note XXV. t Note XXVI. 6 50 § 14, Indisposition of Speakers obviated.
annoyance, the House may either expel the delinquent Member altogether, or exclude him for a limited time.
Art. 3. If the duration of such exclusion shall, at any one time, exceed the term of [twenty-eighf] days, such exclusion shall have the same effect as expulsion; and the Electors, of the District for which he sat, shall proceed to elect a Member to sit in his place.
Art. 4. They are however at liberty to re-elect the same Member: and so for any number of times.
Art. 5. In case of temporary exclusion, the House, as a condition precedent to re-admission, may exact of the delinquent Member a promise in writing, never thenceforward to cause dis- turbance to the proceedings of the House, either by annoyance in the particular shape in which he has been declared to have offended, or in any other shape.
Art. 6. So, in case of his re-election: whether by the District for which at the time of such annoyance he was serving, or by any other District.
Section 14. INDISPOSITION OF SPEAKERS OBVIATED.
Art. 1. To secure the national business against interruption by interruption of the sittings of the Commons' House,* an occa- sional Substitute for the Speaker shall at all times be forthcoming; Vice Speaker is his official title.
Art. 2. The Vice Speaker shall, at all times, be provided by the Speaker, by an instrument of appointment consigned to the custody of the Chief Clerk.
The appointment is revocable by the Speaker at pleasure, on and by the appointment of another person to that office.
Art. 3. For the acts of the Vice Speaker in respect of such his office, the Speaker is responsible, as if they were his own.
* Note XXVII.
§ 14. Indisposition of Speakers obviated. 5\ Art. 4. To the office of Vice Speaker no emolument shall, in any shape, be attached.
Art. 5. The House has, at all times, power to substitute to any Vice Speaker another of its own choice.
Art. 6. In default of the Speaker and the Vice Speaker, the functions of the Speaker shall be exercised by the Chief Clerk: in his default, by the Clerk who is senior in standing: and so downwards according to the length of service.
NOTES.
Note I. Page 9.
Note I. Page 9.
K.ING is the word employed here: employed in defarence to custom. Monarch would be the proper word. In this country, there are three sorte of monarchs: a King, a Queen Regnant, and a Prince Regent: not to speak of William's Mary, who in name was a Queen Regnant with her hus- band, but in authority, eis expressly declared, a Queen Consort and nothing more. Had the Princess Charlotte survived her father, her grandtiather being Still alive, she might have added to the list a fourth species of monarch — a Prin- cess Regent. — Protector, being an unpopularised denomination — unpopularised, first by Richard, who became King Richard the Third, then by Cromwell — is already a fourth species of monarch: but a species not very likely to be revived. Precision, such as this, is not to the taste of the man of law. Monarch would, in bis eyes, be an innovation: the use of the word, a mark of theory and igno- rance. He will not, so long as he can help it, part with the profitable wit, of saying, upon occasion, that a man and a woman are the same person: or of contending, according as the vane of professional or official interest points, upon «ome occasions, that a Queen is a King, upon others that she is not; and so ia regard to Princes and Princesses Regent.
Note II. Page S.
[half]. It is in pursuance of the custom generally observed in Parlia- naentary Bills, that the word thus designative of quantity is inclosed in brackets: so it will be in many other places.. In Bills as prepared for the House, the space between the brackets is left in blank: the blanks are filled up at a particular stage; and then is the time for the settling of the quantities. In the present draught, the blanks will in several other places besides this be seen filled up. The design of this was — to aid conception: the brackets shew that the fixation was not considered as definitive.
Note III. Page 4.
For greater clearness, here A>llows an exemplification of a Vote-making Certi- ficate (as per Sect. 3. Art. 4.) when filled up: names of persons^ being, of course, feigned names.
Election District, St. George's.
Polling District, Out fVard.
This is a Vote-making Certificate, made to serve for the ensuing Parliament, which is to meet on the Ist day of January, io the year 1882.
^4 Th« day on which it is made is the 22nd of October, 1821.
The person, to whom it is to give a vote, is Gemrge Simpson, Arabella Row,