to Karako no Sukune, saying:—‘‘ Ohiha no Sukune has told thy servant, saying:—‘ Ere long I will take the command of Karako no Sukune from him too.’ I pray thee be well on thy guard.” In consequence of this there was a coolness’ between Karako no Sukune and Ohiha no Sukune. Upon this the King of Pekché, hearing that there was a coolness between the commanders arising out of trifling causes, sent a man to Karako no Sukune and the others, saying:—‘‘I wish to view the frontier of the land. I pray you be so kind as to come and join me.” Herewith Karako no Sukune and the rest went on with bridle-bits in a line until they came to a river, when Ohiha no Sukune let his horse drink from the river. Then Karako no Sukune shot at Ohiha no Sukune from behind, and hit the hinder part of his saddle frame. Ohiha no Sukune looked round startled, and shot Karako no Sukune down into the mid stream, so that he died. So the three Omi, having from before this time been rivals with one another, fell out by the way, and returned back without having reached the Palace of the King of Silla.
Hereupon the Uneme, Ohomi, following the dead body of Woyumi no Sukune, arrived in Japan. She at length com- plained to Ohotomo no Muruya no Ohomuraji, saying:— “Thy handmaiden knows not where to bury him. I beseech thee let a good place be selected by. divination.” The Oho- * S7c in original.
Aa 2 ISIN S03 stG NIHONGI.
muraji accordingly reported to the Emperor, who gave com- mand to the Ohomuraji, saying:—‘‘ The Commander-in-chief, Ki no Woyumi no. Sukune, tossing his head like a dragon, and glaring like a tiger, surveying with extensive view the eight cords,’ overwhelmed the rebellious, and dashed against the four seas.” So his body was worn out by ten thousand ri,’ and his life succumbed in the three Han. To show Our compassion, let there be appointed officials to conduct his funeral. Thou, my Lord Ohotomo, art of the same province and a near neighbour of the Lords of Ki, sothat thy connection with him is of old stand- ing.’”’ Hereupon the Ohomuraji, having received the Emperor’s commands, sent Wotori Hanishi* no Muraji to construct a tumu- lus at the village of Tamuwa, and bury him there. Upon this Ohomi, unable to contain herself for pleasure, sent to the Oho- muraji six Corean slaves named.Muro, Te-maro, Oto-maro, Mi-kura, Wogura and Hari.° They are the Yake-bito® Be of the village of Kashimada in hither Kibi. Wokahi no Sukune came specially in attendance on Ki no Woyumi no Sukune’s corpse. He remained, however, himself in the Land of Tsuno’ and sent Yamato-ko no Muraji [it is not clear what was the surname of this Muraji*] with a present of an eight-hand mirror to Ohotomo no Ohomuraji to make a petition, saying:— ‘‘Thy servant cannot bear to serve the Celestial Court along with my Lord of Ki.’ Therefore I beg permission to remain and reside in the Land of Tsuno.” Upon this the Ohomuraji laid the matter before the Emperor on his behalf, and he was 1 The eight cords, or measuring tapes, i.e. the eight quarters of the universe, ° The four seas are not put for Japan, but for the universe, All this bombast is copied from a Chinese book.
3 i.e, by distant campaigning.
4 The Hanishi were the clay-workers whose office it was to ae the clay images which were set up round the tombs of the Emperors, His appoint- ment was therefore an appropriate one. But although the office.and the title sometimes coincided, as in this case, they had often nothing to do with each other. A few pages back we had a Katari no Muraji (Chief of the Reciters) and a Kashihade no Omi (Lord Steward) in command of troops in Corea, ° These names are Japanese, § Domestics. 7 In Suwo.
8 This is a stupid note which the “Shukai” very properly rejects, In “Nihongi” language Yamatc-ko no Muraji zs Sats surname.
® i.e...Ki no Ohiha no Sukune.
YURIAKU, Bae allowed to remain and dwell in the Land of Tsuno. This was the beginning of the Tsuno no Omi first dwelling in the land of Tsuno, and being called Tsuno no Omi. Autumn, 7th month, 1st day. The province of Kahachi re- XIV. 31. ported:—‘‘ The daughter of a man of the district of Asukabe named Hiaktison, Tanabe no Fubito, was wife to aman named Kariu, Fumi no Obito, of the district of Furuchi. Hiakiison, Clay Horse. ° Clay Horse. ° hearing that his daughter had given birth to. a child, paid a visit of congratulation to his son-in-law’s house. He came home by moonlight, and was passing at the foot of the Homuda? misasagi at Ichihiko hill, when he fell in with a horseman mounted on a red courser, which dashed along like the flight of * Both Hiaktison and Kariu are Chinese words. This story is apparently a report by one of the recorders whose appointment is mentioned above, 2 Ojin Tennd.
EXCLV 5.32 el Wir ae 358 NIHONGI.
a dragon, with splendid high springing action, darting off like a wild goose.' His strange form was of lofty mould; his remark- able aspect was of extreme distinction. Hiaktson approached and looked at him. In his heart he wished to possess him, so he whipped up the piebald horse which he rode and brought him alongside of the other, head by head and bit by bit. But the red horse shot ahead, spurning the earth, and, galloping on, speedily vanished in the distance. Hereupon the piebald horse lagged behind, and, slow of foot, could not overtake the other. But the rider of the courser, knowing Hiaktison’s wish, stopped and exchanged horses with him, upon which they took leave of each otherand separated. Hiaktison, greatly rejoiced at obtain- ing such a steed, hastened home and placed him in the stable, where he took off his saddle, foddered him, and went to sleep. The next morning the red courser had become changed into a horse of clay. Hiakttson, wondering at this in his heart, went back, and, making search at the Homuda misasagi, found the piebald horse standing among the clay horses. So he took it, and left in its stead the clay horse which he had received in exchange.”
roth year, Autumn, gth month, 4th day. Awo, Musa no Sukuri, and the others arrived in Tsukushi with two geese pre- sented by Wu. These geese were bitten by Minuma no Kimi’s dog and died.
Another book says:—‘“‘ These geese were bitten by a dog belonging to Nimaro, Tsukushi no Mine no Agata nushi, and died.”
Hereupon Minuma no Kimi, unable to contain himself for fear and sorrow, presented to the Emperor ten large wild geese with bird-keepers, and begged that his offence might thus be compounded for. The Emperor granted his petition.
Winter, roth month, 7th day. The bird-keepers presented by Minuma no Kimi were settled in two places, viz. the villages of Karu and Ihare.
1 As usual, this purpureus pannus is copied from a Chinese author.
* The clay horses here referred to were of the kind described at p. 181 as having been substituted for the living horses previously sacrificed at the tomb. Some of these have been preserved, and specimens may be seen in the Museum at Uyeno, Tokio, The illustration represents one of these.
YURIAKU. 359 11th year, Summer, 5th month, Ist day. It was reported from the district of Kurimoto in the province of Ohomi that white cormorants dwelt on the shore at Tanagami. Orders were therefore given to establish toneri' of Kahase.
Autumn, 7th month. There was a refugee from Pékché who gave his name as Kwisin. It was also stated. that Kwisin was a man of the Land of Wu. The Ihare no Kure’ no Koto- biki and the Sakate no Yakata-maro are his descendants.
Winter, roth month. A bird of the Bird-department was _bitten by a dog belonging to.a man of Uda and died. The Emperor was angry, and, branding him on the face, made him one of the Bird-keepers’ Be. Hereupon some office coolies from the provinces of Shinano and Musashi, who were on night duty at the Palace, talked to one another, saying:—‘‘ Ah! In our country we pile up birds as high as a small tumulus and eat of them morning and evening, but still some are left. Now, for the sake of one bird, the Emperor has branded a man on the face. He is a very unjust and wicked master.” The Emperor, hearing this, ordered them to gather and make a heap (of birds), and as the office coolies were unable to complete it on the spot, he commanded that they should be enlisted in the Bird-keepers’ Be 12th year, Summer, 4th month, 4th day.’ Awo, Musa no Sukuri, and Haka-toko Hinokuma no Tamitsukahi went on a mission to Wu.
Autumn, 10th month, roth day. The Emperor commanded the carpenter Mita of Tsuke [‘‘ Mita of Winabe,’”’* says one book—probably erroneously} to commence:the erection of a lofty edifice. Hereupon Mita ascended this high building, and ran about nimbly on all sides as if he were flying. An Uneme of Ise looked up to the top of this high edifice and marvelled at his nimble movements, so that she fell down on her face in the courtyard, and upset a dish of meat which she was serving * No doubt to take charge of the cormorants. Kahase, which means river-reach, may or may not be a proper name.
? Kure is the same as Wu, a part of China. Kotobiki means lute-player. It came to be a proper name.
% From which it would seem that the office coolies were of higher rank than the Bird-keepers.
‘ Winabe is the name of a place in Settsu. Tsuke is in Yamato.
360 NIHONGI.
to the Emperor. The Emperor forthwith suspected that Mita had debauched this Uneme, and conceiving to himself the thought of executing him, charged the Mononobe with this duty. At this time Hada no Sake’ no Kimi was in attendance. He wished by the voice of his lute to make the Emperor under- stand, so placing his lute crosswise, and playing upon it, he said:— Be there for five hundred years Prosperity To the maid of Ise — Of Ise (Of the divine wind), And until it is spent Let me attend With faithful service On the Great Lord.
Let my life, too, Be as long, Said the carpenter, The poor carpenter!?
Hereupon the Emperor understood the voice of the lute, and pardoned the offence.
13th year, Spring, 3rd month. Hadane no Mikoto, great- great-grandson of Saho-hiko,* secretly seduced the Uneme Yamanobe no Koshimako. When this came to the Emperor’s ears, he gave Hadane no Mikoto in charge to Mononobe no Me no Ohomuraji, and made him call him to account for it. Hadane no Mikoto purged his offence by the payment of eight horses and eight swords, and then made a song, saying:— For the sake of Koshimako, Of Yamanobe, 1 Sake is {§ rice-beer. This person was, perhaps, a descendant of the Corean Prince Chhyu mentioned above, A.D. 353, and whose name is written with the same'character. The word Hada, however, points to a Chinese ancestry. Hada is the Japanese traditional rendering of the character for T‘sin, the Chinese dynasty of that name.
2 Some commentators explain part of this poem differently. The metre is irregular.
* It is not clear why so remote a descendant of a Mikado should be called Mikoto.
YURIAKU. 361 Some one boasts that The eight horses Are not even to be grudged.
Me no Ohomuraji, hearing this, reported it to the Emperor, who made Hadane no Mikoto lay out his treasures on the ground at Tachibana moto ' of Ichinobe in Yega. He ultimately took the village of Nagano in Yega, and gave it to Mononobe no Me no Ohomuraji..
Autumn, 8th month. There was a man of Miwikuma in the province of Harima called Ayashi no Womaro, who was strong of body and stout of heart, and did wanton outrage, committing robberies on the highways, and preventing traffic. He in- tercepted the boats of merchants and plundered them every one. He had also disobeyed the laws of the country by neglecting to pay his taxes.
Hereupon the Emperor sent Ohoki, Kasuga no Wono no Omi, in command of one hundred soldiers who feared not death. They all together took torches, and having surrounded his house, set fire to it. Now from the midst of the flames there came forth furiously a white dog, which pursued Ohoki noOmi. This dog wasas bigasa horse. But the complexion of Ohokino Omi’s spirit did not change.2 He drew his sword and slew it, whereupon it became changed into Ayashi no Womaro.
Autumn, gth month. The carpenter, Mane, of the Wina Be, planed timber with an axe,* using a stone as ruler. All day long he planed, and never spoiled the edge by mistake. The Emperor visited the place, and, wondering, asked of him, saying:—“‘ Dost thou never make a mistake and strike the stone?” Mane answered and said:—‘‘ I never make a mis- take!’ Then the Emperor called together the Uneme, and made them strip off their clothing and wrestle in open view with only their waistcloths on. Hereupon Mane ceased for a while, and looked up at them, and then went on with his planing. But unawares he made a slip of the hand, and spoilt the edge _1 Tachibana moto means “ orange-stem, or orange-bottom,” and possibly is to be taken here in this sense, and not as the name of a place. > Here is the magician (world-wide) who can change himself into a beast, but on being wounded or killed is obliged to assume his natural form. 3 The plane was apparently unknown.
olVencys 362 NIHONGI.
of his tool. The Emperor accordingly rebuked him, saying:— ‘Where does this fellow come from that, without respect to us, he gives such heedless answers with unchastened heart?” So he handed him over to the Mononobe to be executed on the moor.
Now amongst his comrades there was a carpenter who lamented for Mane, and made a song, saying:— The much to be regretted Carpenter of Winabe— The ink-cord he applied,— When he is no more, Who will apply it?
Alas! that ink-cord!?
When the Emperor heard this song, his feelings changed to remorse, and he said with a sigh of regret:—‘‘ How many men I have destroyed! ’’ So he mounted a messenger of mercy on a black horse of Kahi, and made him gallop to the place of execution to stop it and pardon him. The cords with which he was tied were unbound, and he, too, made a song, saying:— As the night?
Black was the horse of Kahi— Had they but saddled him, My life were lost— Ah! that horse of Kahi!
Instead of ‘‘ My life were lost,” one book has, ‘‘ He would not have arrived (in time).”
14th year, Spring, ist month, 13th day. Awo, Musa no Sukuri, and the others, in company with envoys from the Land " The ink-cord is a contrivance for ruling lines on wood, used to this day by Japanese carpenters. A cord is passed through a pot of ink and then drawn taut, and let go so as to strike the wood. A chalked line is some; times used in the same way in this country. See illustration in “ Trans- actions of Japan Society,” Vol. II. p. 217. The metre of this poem is irregular, being a tanka with an additional line of seven syllables between the second and third.
* This is one of many explanations of the conventional epithet nubatama, applied to dark or black things.
YURIAKU. 368 of Wu, and bringing with them skilled workmen presented by Wu, viz. Aya weavers and Kure' weavers, as well as the seamstresses Ane-hime and Oto-hime, anchored in the harbour of Suminoye. In this month the Shihatsu highway was carried through as a road for the guests from Wu. It was called the Kure-saka.?
3rd month. The Emperor commanded the Omi and Muraji to go to receive the envoys from Wu. The men of Wu were accordingly settled on the moor of Hinokuma, which was therefore called Kure-hara.* The seamstress Ane-hime was presented to the God of Oho-Miwa, and Oto-hime was appointed to the Be of Aya seamstresses. The Aya weavers, the Kure weavers and the seamstresses—these were the founders of the Asuka Seamstresses’ Be and of the Ise Seamstresses’ Be.
Summer, 4th month, 1st day. The Emperor, wishing to make a feast for the men of Wu, asked the ministers, one after another, saying:—‘‘ Who will be the best man to keep them company at table?”’ The ministers all said:—‘‘ Neno Omi will be the proper person.” The Emperor accordingly gave command to Ne no Omi, and appointed him to keep them company in eating. Ultimately the men of Wu were entertained at Taka- nukuhara in Iso no Kami.* Now a Toneri was sent secretly to observe the ornamentation. The Toneri reported to the Emperor, saying:—‘‘ The jewel head-dress worn by Ne no Omi is very noble, and extremely lovely.’’ Moreover, everybody said, ‘‘ He also wore it before when he went to receive the men of Wu.” Hereupon the Emperor, wishing to see it himself, gave orders to the Omi and Muraji, and made them present themselves before the hall in the dress which they wore at the banquet. The Empress looked up to Heaven and, with sobs and tears, lamented bitterly. The Emperor inquired of her, saying:—‘‘ Why weepest thou?”’ The Empress, leaving the 1 For Aya and Kure the Chinese characters are vi and Jk, ive. Han and Wu, the Chinese dynasties so called. But in this connection the Japanese render these names by Aya and Kure.
The “ Shukai” editor has a note here to the effect that Han is Chang-an and Loh-yang, formerly capitals of Han; Wu is Chien-kang (Chien-yeh?), the Wu capital, near the present Nanking.; 2 Wu acclivity. 3 The plain of Wu. It is in Yamato.
4 Yamato.
SVE Os CIV AO: 364 NIHONGI.
couch, answered him, saying:—‘‘ This jewel head-dress was presented on behalf of thy handmaiden by her elder brother, Prince Oho-kusaka, when, in obedience to the orders of the Emperor Anaho, he offered her to Your Majesty.!. Therefore I conceived suspicion of Ne no Omi, and unawares shed tears and wept for grief.’ When the Emperor heard this he was astonished, and was very wroth. He pressed it sharply home to Ne no Omi, who replied, saying:—‘‘ I have deserved to die! I have deserved to die! Truly it is thy servant’s fault.” The Emperor commanded, saying:—‘‘ From this time forward let Ne no Omi, his children, his descendants, and his eighty connections have no concern with the order of Ministers of State.”” He was about to put Ne no Omi to death, but he ran away and hid himself. Arriving at Hine, he made a rice- castle, in which he stood on the defensive, but was ultimately slain by the Government forces. The Emperor ordered the officials to divide his descendants into two parts, one of which was constituted common people of the Oho-kusaka Be, and was allotted in fief to the Empress; the other part was given to the Chinu no Agata-nushi, and made sack-bearers. So having sought out a descendant of Hikaka, Naniha no Kishi,’ a title was granted to him, and he was made Oho-kusaka Be no Kishi.
After matters had become quiet, Wone* no Omi [Wone no Omi was the son of Ne no Omi], when lying down at night, said to some one:—‘‘ The Emperor’s castle is not strong; my father’s castle is strong.” These words came to the Emperor’s ears. He sent a man to see Ne no Omi’s house. It was really as had been said. Therefore he seized him and put him to death. Ne no Omi’s descendants were made Sakamoto no Omi. From this they had their beginning.
15th year. The Hada House* was dispersed. The Omi and Muraji each enforced their services at pleasure, and would not allow the Hada no Miyakko to control them. Con- sequently Sake, Hada no Miyakko, made a great grievance of 1 See above, p. 330. * See above, p. 331. 3 Wo means little.
* Hada. Several families of this name are mentioned in the “ Seishiroku.” They were believed to be descended from She Hwang-Ti, the celebrated Chinese Emperor of the T‘sin dynasty, who reigned B.C. 221 to 209, YURIAKU. 365 this, and took office with the Emperor. The Emperor loved and favoured him, and commanded that the Hada House should be assembled and given to Lord Sake of Hada. So this. Lord, attended by excellent Be workmen of 180! kinds, presented as industrial taxes fine silks, which were piled up so as to fill the Court. Therefore he was granted a title, viz. Udzu-masa. [Some say Udzumori masa, the appearance of all being piled up so as to fill.”]
16th year, Autumn, 7th month. The Emperor ordered those provinces and districts which were suitable for mulberry trees to plant mulberry trees. He again dispersed to other places the Hada House, and made them bring tribute of industrial taxes.
Winter, roth month. The Emperor ordered the Aya Be to be brought together, and established their Tomo no Miyakko, granting him the title of Atahe. | One book says:—‘‘ Granted the Aya no Omi the title of Atahe.”
17th year, Spring, 3rd month, 2nd day. The Hanishi* no Muraji were made to present pure vessels suitable for serving the Emperor’s morning and evening meals. Hereupon Ake, the ancestor * of the Hanishi no Muraji, presented to the Emperor a Be of his private subjects of the village of Kusasa in the province of Settsu, of the villages of Uchi and Fushimi in the province of Yamashiro, of the village, of Fuji-kata in the province of Ise, and also from Tamba, Tajima and Inaba, and named them the Nihe* no Hanishi Be.
18th year, Autumn, 8th month, roth day. The Mononobe Ushiro no Sukune and the Mononobe Me no Muraji were sent to smite Ise no Asahi no Iratsuko. Asahi no Iratsuko, hearing of the approach of the Government troops, opposed them in battle at Awohaka® in Iga. Priding himself on his skill in archery, he addressed the Government army, saying:—‘* Who 1 180 is, of course, a fancy number.
* This is an attempt to connect this name with ¢szmoru, to be piled up.
3 Potters.
4 Ancestor here cannot mean founder of the House.
’ Nihe means food; these potters were for the supply of the Emperor’s table utensils.
6 Green tumulus.
IVa.
DLV Az.
SEV 43.
366 NIHONGI.
is a match for the hand of Asahi no Iratsuko? The arrow which he lets fly will pierce two thicknesses of armour.” The Government troops were all afraid, and Ushiro no Sukune did not dare to advance to the combat. They awaited each other for two days and one night. Hereupon the Mononobe Me no Muraji armed himself with his sword, and making Oho-wono- te,’ of the Mononobe of Kiku in Tsukushi, take his shield and call out in the midst of the army, advanced along with him. Asahi no Iratsuko saw them from afar off, and shot an arrow through Oho-wono-te’s shield and two-fold armour which at the same time entered the flesh of his body to the depth of an inch. Oho-wono-te screened with his shield the Mononobe, Me no Muraji, and Me no Muraji caught Asahi no Iratsuko and slew him. Accordingly Ushiro no Sukune, beside himself with shame, for seven days did not make his report to the Emperor. But the Emperor inquired of his Ministers in attendance, saying:—‘‘ Why does not Ushiro no Sukune make his report?” Now there was a man named Sanuki no Ta- mushi Wake who came forward and addressed the Emperor, saying:—‘‘ Ushiro no Sukune is a coward. For the space of two days and one night he was unable to seize Asahi no Iratsuko. Then the Mononobe, Me no Muraji, taking with him Oho-wono-te, a Mononobe of Kiku in Tsukushi, caught and slew Asahi no Iratsuko.” When the Emperor heard this he was angry, and promptly taking away from Ushiro no Sukune his Be of Wina,’ gave it to the Mononobe Me no Muraji.
19th year, Spring, 3rd month, 13th day. By Imperial command, the Anaho Be was established.* 2oth year,* Winter. The “King of Koryé raised a great army and utterly smote Peékché. There was but a small remnant left, which assembled and occupied Chhang-ha.* Their victuals became exhausted, and deep was hereupon the ' Great-axe-hand.
> The village of Wina-Be, in Ise, with its inhabitants.
3 In memory of the Emperor Anaho.
* The “ Tongkam” date is 475. We have now arrived at pretty exact chronology.
: ‘ T. The traditional Kana renders this Hesu-oto—perhaps an attempt to reproduce the native Corean name.
YURIAKU. 36.7 weeping and lamentation. Upon this the Koryé generals addressed their King, saying:—‘‘ There is something extra- ordinary in the temper of Pékché. Whenever thy servants observe them, they seem unaware of their own ruin. It is to be feared that they will again spread forth and revive. We pray that they may be at length got rid of.” The King said:—‘“‘ No! I, the unworthy one, have heard that the Land of Pekché is under the jurisdiction of the Country of Japan, and that this connection is of old standing. It is also known to all the neighbouring countries that their King repairs to Japan and serves the Emperor.” Ultimately it (the proposal to exterminate the Pékché people). was abandoned.
The Pékché record says:—‘ King Kéro, year Kinoto U (475), Winter. A large army from Koryd came and besieged the great castle for seven days and seven nights. The Royal castle surrendered, and at length they destroyed Wi-nyé.. The King, Queen, and Princes all fell into the hands of the enemy.”
2Ist year, Spring, 3rd month. The Emperor, hearing that Pekché had been conquered by Koryé, gave Kuma-nari to King Munchu, and so lent aid to his country. The men of that day all said:—‘‘ The Land of Pékché, though their race was destroyed, assembled and lamented at Chhang-ha. They with true hearts appealed to the Emperor, who restored their country.”.
King Munchu was King Kéro’s younger brother by the mother’s side. An ancient Japanese record says:—‘‘ The statement that Kumanari was given to King Mata? is probably an error. Kumanari is a separate village of the district of Lower Takori? in Imna.”
ae %. The Coreans call him Fe K, ie. Mu-t8. He was Munchu’s successor. The Traditional Kana has Arushi for P, lower. The Corean for Lower is aré.
The syllable ko in this name is probably an error, as below (reign of Keidai), Upper Tari and Lower Tari are mentioned as districts. National vanity is a powerful stimulus to the mythopeeic faculty, and the above narrative must be taken with a few grains of salt. But it is no doubt true in the main. The “Tongkam,” which gives a short account of the war, says that Silla sent an army of 10,000 men to the assistance of Pakché. Under the year 475 it records the removal of the Pékché capital to Ung- NCI Ais.
368 NIHONGI.
22nd year, Spring, Ist month. Prince Shiraga was made Heir Apparent.
Autumn, 7th month. A man of Tsutsukaha in the district of Yosa in the province of Tamba, the child of Urashima of Midzunoye, went fishing in a boat. At length he caught a large tortoise,* which straightway became changed into a woman. Hereupon Urashima’s child fell in love with her, and made her his wife. They went down together into the sea and reached Horai San,’ where they saw the genii. The story is in another Book.’ | 23rd year, Summer, 4th month. King Munkeun‘ of Pekché died.
chin. Now Ung-chin or Ung-chhén (fe Ee or Ae iD was a town in Kyong-syang-do, near the present Keumhé, and the meaning is Bear-port or Bear-river, evidently, therefore, the same with the Kuma-nari of the text. Kuma is for koma, the Corean word for bear, and nari is a dialectical or ancient form of nai (pronounced né), river. It occurs above in the name of the river which the King of Silla swears by at p..231. Ung-chin or Kuma-nari was in the Imna territory, the capital of which was Keumhé, then controlled by Japan, and it is not at all improbable that it should be ceded to Pékché on this occasion.
The “ Tongkam” mentions a Japanese descent on the eastern coast of Silla in 476. They were driven off with a loss of 200 men.
Or turtle, 2 “ Mount Horai is the P‘éng-Lai-Shan of the Chinese, one of the Three Isles of the Genii, which were believed to lie in the Eastern Sea, opposite to the coast of China. This happy group was the paradise of the Genii, who there maintained a sempiternal vigour by quaffing the waters of the fountain of life which flowed for them in a perpetual stream. The pine, the plum, the peach-tree, and the sacred fungus grow for ever upon its rocky shores; and the ancient crane builds its nest upon the giant limbs of its never- dying pine.” Catalogue of Japanese paintings in the British Museum, Anderson, p. 224. See also Dickins’ “ Taketori-Monogatari,” in the “ R.A.S. Transactions.” The “ Manyoshiu,” an ancient collection of Japanese poems, contains a beautiful version of this legend, which has been rendered into English verse by Mr. B. H. Chamberlain, in his “ Classical Poetry of the Japanese,” and of which a prose version may be found in my grammar of the Japanese written language. The Chinese and Japanese legendary lore associated with Horai San is of boundless extent.
The Interlinear Kana renders Hoérai San by Tokoyo no Kuni, or Eternal Land, which is quite inadequate.
3 The “Shukai”’ editor rejects this as an unauthorized addition.
4 There is no Pékché king of this name. King Sam-Keun (= JF‘), who died in this year (the month differs), is doubtless meant. The first YURIAKU. 369 The Emperor summoned within the Palace Prince Mata (Mute), the second of Prince Konchi’s five sons, who was young in years, but intelligent. He himself stroked the Prince’s face and head, and made a gracious decree, appointing him to reign over that country. He also gave him weapons, and at the same time furnished him with 500 soldiers of the Land of _ Tsukushi to escort him to his country. He became King Tong-syéng."
This year, tribute was sent from Pékché in excess of the regular amount.
Tsukushi no Achi no Omi and Umakahi no Omi, in com- mand of a naval force, attacked Koryé.
Autumn, 7th month. The Emperor took to his sick-bed, and was ill at ease. By an Imperial decree he committed rewards and punishments, together with financial matters, great and small alike, to the charge of the Prince Imperial.
8th month, 7th day. The Emperor’s disease became more and more grave. He took leave of all the functionaries. He pressed all their hands with sobs and lamentations, and died in the Great Hall, having left command to Ohotomo no Muruya no Ohomuraji and Yamato-Aya no Tsuka no Atahe, saying:—‘‘ At the present time, the world is one household: smoke and fire are 10,000 ri distant:* the people are well- ordered: the four barbarians are submissive. This is by the will of Heaven, which desires to bestow peace throughout character W%& came in somehow from the name of the preceding King (4C Ji) Munchu. The following is from the “ Tongkam,” IV. 32, under the date A.D. 477. “Summer, 4th month. The King of Pékché appointed his eldest son Samkeun to be Heir Apparent. Héku of Pékché killed his Prince Munchu. The Heir Apparent Samkeun came to the throne. His age was thirteen. The military administration of the country was placed in entire charge of Héku. Before this Héku exercised authority in an arbitrary way, and corrupted the laws, cherishing feelings of disloyalty to his Prince. The King (Munchu) was unable to control him. Hereupon the King went hunting and stayed abroad for the night, and Héku sent a robber who murdered him.” Héku was put to death in the following year.
In 479 we have the following:—“ Winter, 11th month. King Samkeun of Pékché died, and was succeeded by Muté, son of King Munchu’s younger brother Konchi.
* East Castle, probably in allusion to the Eastern situation of Ungchin.
2 War is far off.
B b RIV cas XIV. 49 3270 NIHONGI.
the land. Therefore with careful mind inciting myself, I have been every day watchful for that day, for the sake of the people. The Omi, the Muraji and the Tomo no Miyakko daily attend the court: the Governors of provinces and’ of