habit". s Ma edd. m»m. » Ma So ntonn »iin Br m«m »o Edd. waitan for mi. Mi nuorn. " nvion,.. niTntni = Ar.
20 abstinence belongs to the good deeds, and the psychic condition from which abstinence necessarily flows is a moral virtue". Ma nno mbyfi KVT.
« So vxvi. 13 Ma nwinn. So t?m. " So TOTHB. »» Br nvninBD Ma rWVlBtt. « Mss. and edd. depart from the Ar. from ^ID^Dni p J»S1D» to rrom Dsi21t5 (see i»/ra, p. 21, line 9), each Ms. having one or 25 more glosses, only one or two of which originated with I. T. Edd. acces- sible to editor (Wien 1798, Basel 1804, Dessau 1809, Groningen 1845, Lem- berg 1876, see Introduction, pp. 31 — 32) except ed. Slucki, contain no glosses, and omit the phrase ITDm D'Jmo...tt1B2r t6. Ma codd. (Parma) 71 261 269 327 438 1212, etc. mention only seven virtues (Ar. has eight) besides 30 nwnin, omitting the virtues toote and nm. Br codd. (Parma) 46 1161 1246 1262 omit ^ 21B1, but add. nmm. Mi codd. (Parma) 802 959 edd. have nine virtues: ntrai,ro^>2W,& a«si,mpBnonni,nu»ni,nnjm ^ID^D.TI,mi3im, a pit D- p,jna awato men -nna^ men BWBU 18 »rojnn p a win nwsan wsn 2nn TOK lamm iwv ar6 "ps na WBT TON «iD«tea anw INBYI,ma» ]w pa n^rr T»K ann jpso *6a am nai nn anwa naa msoo «im was mn^ 10 nann is 13 Thus Ma for s Mi 10 Mi nmro |na Ar.
DHBS1B. Br DDHH oann nro. « Br > edd. ' Ma «in» So + 25 p, i an 15 vb n»a IBT nivin nnon nnp!?
rn«na *)U? BW 103 rn nwia jna nt?ynt? *roaian rrp^n n^am «nnaian rrnnt? niiaro nnaian rrnnt? wn ntom, niton sni^ysrn »nman »TBJI "WB«,niiUDn ntojHjm 10rojnn »T»n jna rwynv waian rrp^n 5 nifiin ^vw ICDI,v^y "iipnn mwenn 12nD«^o i^m «jun-ni^"Q no i48in»nB^,10 "wrwpwa «vw non ^nm^in nosn*? IDT nanni onwn pmm, 10 moai HBB Mi Tnn. 10 nwin = Ar. rwcbin nn^K. " So nafim. »l Mi 20 n3«^tt3. »3 Br nrrrwjnn. 1* Ma > tow. 18 So and edd. «in» n»3 no «inw pwD tnrw nea^ pno mnw 10. >» Ma iKiro So nnwa Mi *pwa Mi n»»rg. attempts to correct. " Ma ni«!?. « Ma ^3 D^na^.
i» Ma 1J?S. 20 Ar. a«nnb«l dn&bw ^Btt^K "mud, coal, and dust". 21 Ar flS1BJ>b«; Br DVBPn; edd. Basel, Dessau, Groningen, Slucki, Lemberg have Ar. ntCNiVN "aims, purposes, utmost limits". So nuVfinS Ma ni^Bn/i. Edd. + nun n^WB or nun. 25 Mi "a'*, edd. -f o'iBun. J6 Br > an».
n 'p^rn ^« 5 Ar. «i«w^»n = nu», in c. IV. 3 Ma nvvwn. « Ma So naunan. 5 I. T. adds nJ1fi«, and Poc. magnificentia. « 1^«3 ion!? 10 = Ar. rnn ^ ensrtK. Br So iV«D. ' Ma p^n. s Ma So io«\ nONpflDN ^9 n«j in "or it (the imagination) is in good condition". Ar. in refers to an antecedent rp!?5n "his imagination", and is not "he" as Poc. 15 translates. Of. Wo. p., 12, n. 2. » So > 1^3. is Ma IB So rato.
16 a pis D'pis mna nNt?a p;w no 2?wn nya wy ^iBiom jm Vi,intan DJ nan ma njn nno« w a njn ,nno way nyf nn« "nnnpni nipvnn nnon njpr «sni noann 10 mno "wan nann i^V? wni niann aw »ruiann mat reads K&mDp1 bezwingen, but in the later one (p. 9, n. 2), on evidence of Berlin Codex, reads as does Poc.'s corrected text. Scheyer (ibid., p. 103, note) suggests M&mttp1 leiten, and Rosin (p. 54, n. 4) Dyrurft lenken, instead of DBJfloX but both revisions are untenable and unnecessary. Instead of 20 leiten (Scheyer, p. 103, line 1) and lenken (Ho., p. 54, line 15) it would be well to read beschranken, or its equivalent. Wolff (p. 9, n. 2) finds fault with I. T.'s translation DttPDb, but without ground. 'Vj? ixp=£o shorten, curtail, restrict or confine a thing to, which idea is expressed in DBJflo!?.
25 confusion, uncertainty". Cf. Ar. title of the Moreh VVKn^N rft«!n. 4 Ma > ]3 DX 5 Ar. rrnt *x-\ n«pn»« IK no«s ••xn nNpnv« anna "in so far as one believes a false or a true article of faith (dogma)". See Kaufmann to Ouzari, I, 13 (>>^3 >l£X&\ V^); Holzer, Einleitung zu Chelek, p. 24, n. 5 (nxnxpTOK'jN \0!?1S« ^ = nuiD«n ]D D-'lppa, Prinzipien der Dogmeri).
mb»D. 11 Br Ma mpnini nmpn. 12 Ma U&B batsn. 13 Ar.
Nri ^srr. Br 133 N5MS3n. »* Ma > »3B3. is Late Talmud edd.
35 njisnn mat. In c. VIII, the opposite is niunn pnni naann BI»S»I. " «ini wan^l = Ar. *vhx hv Din finw Kim. ^jA* t/*-*^- deviner, decouvrir par voie de conjecture, Dozy. "Qin!?J? nittj?^ "to understand a thing"; cf. Y. Shekalim, I, 45 d '21 to 'S1K!?» llti^ 'jlD'1 nns ]W "you cannot understand the nature of" etc. " Ar. «nii ynp = nx» anp. is So 40 19 Ma D36n IK I^K ^ii^ nan nt So oasn IN I^>N -ma nt»on nan m. 20 Ma nwnn.
plan mjnm nnwn nn&n rose* DI»« nnuin nra&m nwayrw to fir D'p^nn £« 3<ot!Oi,1:6 "niynen p^nm Bunen ptoin Kim nrae PK nenen ptoi tor «^,5^D wye n«nn «Sn,'nn« n^iyso naye^ IK orwye hvnb 5 i Thus Br. = Ar. 'SN1>D '6 "concerning the disobediences of". Add. 27070 (Brit. Mus.) mm Br. n»Mg. Add. 27070 marg- Ma So Mi edd. T»3. "Wolff (AZDJ, 1902, p. 576) suggested that by changing the Ar. <SMMi to S3K»B it would agree with the Hebrew ^JJD. This suggestion he himself, however, gave up, since he found the reading 'XNJH3 in the Berlin Codex. 10 see Wo., p. 9, n. 1. As Wolff points out, SS«J>B fits the context, since the chapter deals with transgressions. Rosin (Ethik, p. 54, n. 2), with Scheyer (Das psychol. Syst. d. Maim.., p. 102, note), on the basis of the Ar., offers rvnaw instead of ^vao. The reading wnM is to be preferred, however, as it has Ms. substantiation. I. T. translated ^KVD now by TPQS and now by '10. 15 See chap. VIII (Wo. p. 31, line 22) rPSSB^M Hwt&ta 10K ]b = nwon ]s3yB nnajn, and (Wo. p. 31, line 24) frcy&taa mp nW» )« = noa nitJ11 n»nt?, Rosin (ibid.) is of the opinion that the word njJHW has fallen out of the Ar. text after <XK«a 'B, and suggests that the title should read: WOP3 '31 »B3ii nina^ 1»« nilSOl. Scheyer (ibid., p. 102*) suggests as the title ttTOSS 20 mn"nsni rtbv&n iHse11 n!?nn n n»« p^»nn WTM »san mns. If a part of the title has been lost, this happened before I. T. translated. * I. T. > Ar.
«bl« = r6nn (see preceding note, end), which Mss. and edd. omit. Ma has 1^ IK after 13, but this is probably a variant of 12. 3 Mi ^BO. 4 Ar. NDiTB = DiTMW. 5 Br Ma b!?3...^KW = Ar. KOiT'B IKVON^KI *VCbh D^ n« 25 nan has. Ma in«^. So bhs n»x«3 «bi nn-'iWD (Mi int6) into HTWI TOT ]s«». s Ma imjn. 7 Mss. and edd. nn« n^WBfi DBj>Dl? = Ar. «o ^>»a ^s> KBmxp', Poc. «»n^SB ^» S0nn«p<1, but in the Errata corrects to the proper reading of which Rosin and Wolff were unaware. In his first edition (1863), Wolff 13 « pna D'piB SN T»B« OKI >6 DK ainwj^ IPSK DM 5, 10 HST TON njn :n»jw 7"B no TIJPBP m na rrnn «* ^»v nra nt ITTttQ « Ma So.Tp^ni. ' Br So jmn. 8 Br ViT. Br So + 15 n«npnD«^K "readiness, ability, aptitude". 10 Ma 10K.
12 Ma mwn. 13 Ma m«g. aie »h...Vn.
Ar. ^pj>S«i. Br te»n TOi. Ma nisrp. So nwnni s So I^BH Ma > nnMH.
. « Ar.
»« Ma So >« Br edd.
See Kaufmann, Attributenlehre, pp. 444, n. 126, and 446, n. 129. Scheyer (Psychol. Syst. d. Maim., p. 66*) suggests D^aiwn or 20 »« I. T. > Ar. Ti ^Dl, Wo. ttwd wie sie beschaffen sind. " Br is Mi im nsna». w Ma marg. «i,-n. 2° Ma > vn\ tTnynen nan 10 /avy pai /»ya "pa ni^iysn yr ia ntyK Kin wyni /a»na iaaai f«ify p» na ^y 15 ona^ ia *MK nan Kin nan Kin Ar. «B n»V "to something". * Ar. ^»«PB«b« p TW nipb« rnn pi "from this faculty result the (following) actions". Br 1«"2\ So ^>« for p. Mi 20 s 1100.. n»pa = Ar. nn^Ki 2bbV«. « So nn^-ai Mi mar«- KSJ>K SJ^Oi *1p^8 rnn ril^NI "and the instruments of these faculties are all the limbs of the body". Br *yiin *13'M (a superlinear) ^33 WrOH 1^8 ^31 So »jun Hi3« bs nsn nt ^31; Ma *pan ^2« ^3 nsn mnsn I^»K nt ^31 combines 25 the two readings. Wo., p. 90, note to line 5 from bottom, emends Ar. Mpbtf to sing. nip^W, but Br and Ma point to the pluraL Wo.'s emended reading agrees with So. The word niro "powers" is used here by M. possibly instead of m^1J>D "actions", the meaning he wishes to convey being that the limbs of the whole body are the instruments of the actions of the 30 psychic qualities just mentioned.
»o Ma So 13T for I3in. TTO\IJ.. by = Ar. »&3^H rfhy. ll Ma Mirk.
i* Ma So H31, »» Ma So W^n»nn, »s ^no partitive, "some".
«« vto ]n» no to = Ar. •T'to --n no '•to "as they really are". Cf. HUb., p. 421. Br. »£>3 for to.
19 Ar. pt6tDK3 "general or absolute acceptance of a word". Jo Ar.
11 K pis D'piB nni T&n anc HOT 2n*na inn nfca nt arep nra 5,9nunn,s)i»nn w mooiiBen rwonn 'ronan wao t^an&n Vaa i aien nnsp te onsp 10 2 7 15 nonai, nan naiaon ant?, nt nami nmp « 6 711 i Better, WV nt»1 = Ar. "by what means they work". nn» K^tti. * Ma one noi 20 Ar. ac^N nr«3sV. Br nunsnn K021, not "what" the faculties do, but 2 So rbto inn n«13 ini\ 3 So Hftl ono noi. s Br im^. s Thus Ma. So n«isin ns«!?JD3. ' Ma mm.
s Ar. iirmi^K nas nnntws^K. n«ninisn3^« = ra Mo^a = mooiiBtsn. See Millot ha-Higgayon, c. VIII; Munk. Guide, I, p. 39, n. 1; Scheyer, Das Psychol. Syst. d. Maim., pp. 22—23. So D'fiDn&on. 9 So rttnn on. 10 Ma originally a marginal gloss. « Mi mnsn. Ma + niKin DH» oytsni vawnv i* Mi nnnDn. » Mi > nsn. « Ma isrn.
Ar. nNDIDHD^K moi "trace, impression". is Ar. Knwa "their absence".
30 is Dnjnnn...ii3P i»« misplaced in So after DTyyn ]» nsn nt 3'3T mbi. 20 Ma 3"31TI1 Da'»n. Ar. 33ina "to combine, to compose". Ji Ma TlBni. The fern, forms of the verbs probably go back to I. T. to agree with Ar. But see Introduction, p. 26.
35 omT «V» So Da"»« «^. 26 Thus Br; Ar. <iin. So ynn Ma tswn "float". 27 Ar. ^y (sing.); So D'». 2^ Ar. nKWnDtt^N "impossibilities".
2« Ar. miiril "invent". so Ar. ]lt^3nt&K "the Mutakattimun". 31 So nwe. 32 Ma nauon ^nan. 33 So wsni. Poc. ioni« i« iai; Wo.
(p. 90, note to p. 3. line 17, not 7) unnecessarily emends to Nlfimtfl NUB.
40 Ar. Dm IV "to make anyone form an opinion about" (3Wflb «'3n). Of. Friedlaender, Sprachgebrauch, sub voce.
pis nyis pi, DT*O T twnnn «in 'an nn nt ]tn nt ntwin ^is p m :p nts 15rnt ana nt pm, nnnm, n» 10 10 15 11 So aww. 12 Ma D» on». " Ma > ono. »« So mt.
iiHiD,TB inc. is Ma rum. i» So rmonn. >o So Ma win.
1161 lenn. » So mJ. 24 Ar. HTW& "which is common to them".
so Ma WWM. si Ar. n«»«a» "absurdities". 32 So nviDSi for ^3 niTPttK. 33 So Ma Tiais. 34 Some edd. ns. 35 So nans.
36 Ar. B«^>3« = r\\rb, |NDJK!?« is«^5« "the humours of the body". 37 Thus Br. Ar. h\vr\ T\n. So edd. w\w Ma BT'iBnw. 38 Ma + Kin.
pis D'pna ro ^,m«n &&>in pn ]?n p^ni pw cn^n '3,7Diom ••nenn u pw pnsn sro ,mi»nn pen p )tn pte pw nianni,rwij« pw ^an ty new DJDKI,r6 T»« pesn p jm ptoo pw 5 i Thus Br So Ma = Ar. in KfcJN; edd. Dm See Introduction, p. 25 (bottom). » Ar. nnit6« = tnruN^K. 3 (Ma DIK) m«n 12 jin* = Ar. jKDitM H^M. * So > ^»» TIT hv. » So nas. e menn ia |n<» = Ar. -many? *i^«. 7 So -nonrn Dion. « So + iV IBM. » Ma marg. (i»ter hand) Cod. 71 (Parma) iiwvtt = Ar. nS5lb«l. Br So Mi Ma codd. 10 (Parma) 46 261 378 438 802 959 1246 1262 edd. 1»Jm "and the eagle". Ma may have been corrected by comparison with some other Heb. text, but hardly with the Arabic. Cod. 1161, which will be referred to below, is defective here. Since a palm is nourished by a nutritive faculty (]tn pVn), it was proper for M. to use H^M^W. Later, (p. 10, lines 10 — 12) in speaking of 15 the faculty of sensation (nBOin b»B) of the various species, M. refers to that of the eagle (Ar. 2SpJ^K). All Heb. Mss. and texts, except codd. 71 and 1161, have correctly ntwn. Codd. 71 and 1161 read itsnn. Thus, in describ- ing the nutritive faculty of the different species, the Ar. refers to that of man, the ass, and the palm, while in discussing the faculty of sensation 20 it speaks of man, the ass, and the eagle. Ma with its marginal reading, alone, agrees with the Ar. The texts which read ~\V17V\ in the first instance have itwn in the second, while cod. 71 has nann in both cases. This con- sistency in the Heb. texts is suspicious. The Ar., cod. 71, and Ma m»rg-, no doubt retain correctly the first list of species, namely, man, ass, and 25 the palm, and it can safely be said that I. T. translated accordingly. The present condition of the Heb. texts arose, perhaps, from a mis- understanding of the original I. T. version. Some copyist, thinking prob- ably that the same word should be used in both places, must have changed iDnm to agree with the later occurring IBttn. Another copyist, thinking 30 that IBttn in the second instance was an error, changed this to IBnn (codd. 71, 1161). That M. need not have used the same list of species in both instances is apparent from the context. First of all, he speaks of each species as having a nutritive faculty (]tn D3) peculiar to itself, and states that this faculty of man differs from that of the ass and the horse, the 35 two latter representing one species. Then, discussing the nutritive faculty, he illustrates from human, animal, and plant life, saying that the nutritive faculty which nourishes man differs from that which nourishes the ass, and both from that which nourishes the palm. Later, however, no longer speaking of the nutritive faculty but of the faculty of sensation, M. very 40 properly avoids referring to the palm as being endowed with such a faculty. Instead he uses the eagle (3«pJ>b«) as an illustration. Thus, M. may well have used two different illustrations, one from plant life, and the other from animal life.
pawn jn 5 mm nwfii 4m*6 »s» nt TOJD aatfrn,JWBJ nnn n^iyan mp nrrns nn 12nnan i^n^ ^v nnsi nsnm nnw » So > »B3. » Thus Br Ma Mi = Ar. 'Bon, with phrase JYl^»Bn mp Dnn as subject. So and edd. DlJOp^; cf. "Wo., p. 1. no. 1. 3 So and edd. awm. « Ma + i1?. s Br nm. 6 IIBD...IP = Ar. ins^ ••nn use of, employ". For n»J> in this sense, see I Sam., VIII. 16, "and he made use (of them) for his work". » So ^D. 10 So n^m. »i So Ma D'-pbno. »a nnan yipTi = Ar.
is So Ma ton. »* Ma KSnn. « Ma on marg. " Ar.
edd. llfien) pass. = Ar. SiniriB "so that they should be averted". t9 Ar. DB3^« 3B11 '•'ib« ^^^5 "likewise he who cures the soul". 2° So edd. nnD onxn. 2> So rrmnsi. 22 Br nbb. » So »BJ. J1 Ma on pun n»en. « So noisn «ini. See Introduction, p. 26. J5 So uiKi 30 n« 10 rto ,mpn p n^» jsi inn •}« DD« .TSI,D rn nan m ISDO ,yn nt Kinn nm mn 15 Ma * Ma WS^K, but corrected by later (?) hand. & Ma 13 y* rby\n. 6 Br n\T». 7 Br So + pnat. s So pn ib Ma ^n.
» So vn. 10 Br Ma ^&fc. " Ma DnWMn DW. « Ar. "since it is my intention that profit should be realized for the reader." Br Ma 20 N-npn Hv6 vuw» So «iip^> n^inn ne!?!? viiow. «3Br So Mi rnsTpn jraa ye *wia toaa ^K rnia iron i^fa,,Tp'pn ipi, name TO, maite Ti niTDnte pis nrron itep p ns nps,enpn nn •rin ta Taa p p « pi,)s pa p mi p 2na 5 nann p"?n 14 t^nnana 15 mip a^ na^n na^n Bna p p aa B^BiD^sn nain anianai, saa na«n i Br So Wbtob. 2 So ma. » So Ma h"r\ « Ma 'iribV. 30 So dvpa». 10 So nb«b. n So Kan. 12 Ma innbK. 13 So i* Br So > hy. i» So + nwen. i« Br So > ns^n.
So ifiTi. is So nnBbi «a». 19 Ma IDS. 20 Ma i«a^. 21 Br i»« -TO 10 nt iii«a nan na p oa won,*non nta «roofin n^yinn nn noa mp na no 1 Since the Arabic of M.'s foreword is inaccessible, being found only in the Mss. and in Pococke's Porta Mosis, the editor has deemed it advisable to reproduce it here. The text is that of the Porta Mosis, pp. 181 — 183. The Hebrew is found in the editions of the Peralcim by Hurwitz, 15 and Slucki, and a Latin translation in Suhrenhusius' Mishnah, Pt. IV, p. 393; see supra, Introduction, pp. 31, 33.
» Thus Ma. Br V't p«& "i sin p WD i3"3i hnm ain ne« So Tin ION V'2» lanen. Of. the introductory phrase of M.'s Introduction to the Moreh: 20 the Perakim in 1202 (see supra, Introduction, p. 10) while M. was yet alive.
Therefore, in referring to M., he could not have used the abbreviation h"\ or *>"». See HUb., p. 438. |»"» = n« ^nnfitf "may his Rock protect him", preterite for optative; see Munk, Guide, I, p. 3, n. 4; idem, Notice sur 25 has, incorrectly, Gemeindevorsanger (=Tias rfhv).
» Ma r6nro, nnviB = Ar. "ns "introduction, prolegomenon". M. uses this word to designate his introduction to the Moreh. See Munk, Guide, I, p. 3, n. 1, and idem, Notice, p. 23, and 26.
« The man #or excellence is M.'s Mishneh Torah. Of. Munk, ifoU, p. 23, 30 and 28. B Br rby\r\ Ma n\hy\r\. « Ma > mann m& D^W noa. ' So n-nai. 8 Ma n^>pi. » Ma Mi wwto. »° Br n^iai?; So n a» na mn p nn p« ay p UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 30112004374135