The use of the word bite for kiss by the Chinese suggests that the kiss may be a modification of a playful bite, just as the smile may have had its origin in a sportive showing of the canine teeth. See Darwin’s “ Expres- sion of the Emotions,” p. 255.
> The name of a plant.
’ Another rendering is: “ In grief for her, they (i.e. the generals) made a song, saying:—” Eke FS: 86 NIHONGI.
8th month. The Emperor sent Sadehiko, Ohotomo no Muraji as general-in-chief in command of an army of several tens of thousands of men to attack Koryé. Accordingly Sadehiko, acting on plans laid by Pékché, routed Koryo. Their King climbed over a wall, and so made his escape. Sadehiko at length followed up his victory, and entered the palace, where he took possession of and brought away with him all the valuables, presents, curtains of seven-fold woof, and an iron house.’
An old book says:—‘‘ The iron house was on the top of the western storied building of Kory6é: the woven curtains were hung in the private chamber of the Koryo King.
The curtains of seven-fold woof were offered as a present to the Emperor; while to the Oho-omi, Soga, Iname no Sukune, there were sent two suits of armour, two swords mounted in gold, three copper bells with chasings, two flags variously coloured, _a beautiful woman called Hime® [Hime is a name], and also her attendant, Atako.' Hereupon the Oho-omi at length took to him these two women and made them his wives, lodging them in the palace of Karu no Magari.
The iron house is in the Temple of Choanji, but we do not know in what province this temple is. One book says:—‘‘rith year.’ Ohotomo no Sadehiko, along with the Land of Peéekché, repulsed Yang-hyang, King of Kory6, at the capital city of Pi-chin-nyu.”’
Winter, 11th month. Silla sent Envoys to offer presents and at the same time to bring tribute. The Envoys found out all about the Government being indignant against Silla on account of the destruction of Imna, and did not dare to ask leave to depart, fearing lest they might be executed.* They did - not return to their own country, and were made to rank as. (Japanese) subjects. These men were the ancestors of the present Silla men of Hani-iho in the district of Mishima in the province of Settsu.
1 Probably a shrine in the shape of a small pagoda, used as a receptacle for relics, says the “ Shikai” editor.
= Or Yomic, 3 No doubt an error for 21st year. The “ Tongkam” does not mention this war.
4 See above, XIX. 54, a KIMMEI. 87 26th year, Summer, 5th month. Some Koryo men, Tu-mu- ri-ya-phyé and others, emigrated to Tsukushi. They were settled in the province of Yamashiro, and were the ancestors of the present Kory6 men of Une-hara, Nara, and Yamamura.
28th year. There were floods in the districts and provinces, with famine. In some cases men ate each other. Mutual assistance was rendered by transporting grain from the neighbouring districts.
30th year, Spring, rst month, 1st day. An edict was issued as follows:—‘‘ The institution of serfs’ is a custom of old standing. But formore than ten years past, there have been many whose names have been omitted from the lists, and who have avoided their tasks. Let Itsu [Itsu was nephew of O Chin-ni*| be sent to revise the lists of the serfs of Shirawi.”
Summer, 4th month. Itsu revised the serfs of Shirawi, and in accordance with the edict, settled the lists, so that land- families * were formed. The Emperor, by way of compliment to Itsu on his success in settling the lists, gave him the title of Shirawi no Obito, and moreover appointed him Tadzukahi under Midzuko [Midzuko is mentioned above].* 31st year, Spring, 3rd month, 1st day. Iname no Sukune, Soga no Oho-omi, died.
Summer, 4th month, 2nd day. The Emperor made a progress to the Palace of Shibagaki in Hatsuse.
Moshiro, Yenuno no Omi, a man of Koshi, came to the capital and addressed the Emperor, saying:—‘‘ Envoys from Koryé, suffering by reason of the winds and waves, lost their way, and missing their harbour, drifted at the mercy of the current, until they suddenly reached the shore. This was concealed by the ruler of the district. Therefore I make it known to Your Majesty.”
The Emperor made an order, saying:—‘‘ This is the first time since our taking over the: Imperial functions, now many years ago, that men of Koryé, losing their way, have reached the coast of Koshi. Though suffering from being cast away and submerged, yet their lives have been preserved. Is not this an 1 Lit. Rice-field Be.
2 Apparently'a Corean or Chinese name.
3 FA FP or field-house, i.e. families or groups of cultivators.
ones One SEs eos FG 1 Sw a 838 NIHONGI.
instance of the wide extension of wise counsels, of perfect virtue majestically displayed, of benign influences universally pervasive, of vast blessings far diffused? Let the proper functionaries erect a hall in the district of Sagaraka in the province of Yamashiro, let them cleanse it and render cordial entertainment and help.”
In this month the Imperial carriage arrived back from the Palace of Shibagakiin Hatsuse, and Arako, Atahe of the House of Eastern Aya,’and Naniha, Katsuraki no Atahe, were sent to meet and bring in the Koryo Envoys.
5th month. Katabeko, Kashihade no Omi, was sent to Koshi to. entertain the Kory6 Envoys. The Chief Envoy, knowing perfectly well that Kashihade no Omi had been sent by the Emperor, addressed Michi no Ushi, the ruler of the district of Koshi, saying:—‘‘ After all, as I suspected, thou art not the Emperor. Thou hast prostrated thyself in doing obeisance to Kashihade no Omi, which is abundant evidence that thou art a subject. And yet before, deceiving me, thou didst take the tribute and appropriate it. Let it be promptly given back, and waste no words in palliation of thy conduct.” Kashihade no Omi, learning this, sent men to require from him the tribute, which was all given up, and on returning to the capital reported on his mission.
Autumn, 7th month, 1st day. The Koryo envoys arrived at Afumi.
This month Saru, Kose no Omi, and Kishi no Akabato were despatched from the Port of Naniha, towing a barge (up the river) to Mount Sasanami, where they decorated a boat and went to meet them at Mount Kita’ in Afumi. Finally they brought them into the official residence at Komahi in Yamashiro. Accordingly Komaro, Yamato no Aya no Saka no Uhe no Atahe, and Ohoshi, Nishikori no Obito, were sent to escort them. The Koryo envoys were again entertained in the official residence of Sagaraka.
32nd year, Spring, 3rd month, 5th day. Sakata, Mimiko no Iratsumi was sent on a mission to Silla to demand an explanation of the reasons for the destruction of Imna.
In this month Koryé6 sent presents and likewise a memorial, 1 Or Yamato no Aya.? Northern mountain.
- KIMMEI. 89 but several tens of days elapsed without their having an opportunity of presenting it. They were compelled to await a lucky day.
Summer, 4th month, 15th day. The Emperor took to his bed, sick and ill at ease. The Prince Imperial had gone away, and was not present, but was summoned by a messenger on a swift horse, and introduced into the bed-chamber. The Emperor took him by the hand, and gave command to him, saying:—‘‘ Our illness is very grave. That which comes after devolves on thee. Thou must make war on Silla, and establish Imna as a feudal dependency, renewing a relation- ship like that of a husband and wife just at it was in former days. Ifthis be done, in my grave I shall rest contented.”
On this day the Emperor at length died in the inner chamber. His years were many.’
5th month. He was temporarily interred at Furuichi in Kahachi.
Autumn, 8th month, rst day. Silla sent as Envoys of con- dolence Mi-cheul-cha-sil-syo and others to make lament at the place of temporary interment.
This month Mi-cheul-cha-sil-syo and the rest took their departure.
gth month. The Emperor was buried in the Misasagi of ‘Sakahi at Hinokuma.
1 Some say 62, others 63 or 81.
BOOK: XX, THE EMPEROR NUNAKURA FUTO-TAMA-SHIKI.’
(BI-DATSU* TENNO OR BIN-DATSU TENNO.)
THE Emperor Nunakura Futo-tama-shiki was the second child of the Emperor Ame-kuni-oshi-hiraki-hiro-niha. His mother was called the Empress Consort Iha no hime [the Empress Consort Iha no hime was a daughter of the Emperor Take-o-hiro-kuni-oshi-tate]. The Emperor was not a’ believer in Buddhism, but was fond of literature.* At the age of twenty-nine he was raised to the position of Prince Imperial. In the fourth month of the thirty-second year of his reign the Emperor Ame-kuni-oshi-hiraki-hiro-niha died.
Ist year, Summer, 4th month, 3rdday. The Prince Imperial assumed the Imperial Dignity. The Empress was honoured with the title of Grand Empress.
In this month the Emperor made his palace at Oho-wi in Kudara.*- Mononobe no Yuge no Moriya no Ohomuraji was continued in his office of Ohomuraji, and Soga no Mumako no Sukune was made Oho-omi.
5th month, rst day. The Emperor inquired of the Imperial Prince and the Oho-omi, saying:—‘‘ Where are the Koryé Envoys now?” The Oho-omi answered His Majesty, saying:—‘“‘ They are in the official residence of Sagaraka.”
' Nunakura is the name of a place; the rest is literally big-jewel-spread.
2 Clever. ite, Chinese, 4 Written with the Chinese characters for Pékché, viz. A #%. It is here the name of a place in Kahachi.
BIDATSU. Ol The Emperor hearing this was exceedingly vexed, and flushing up, exclaimed, saying:—‘‘ How sorry I am! The names of _ these Envoys were already announced to the Emperor, my deceased father.” So he despatched the Ministers to the official residence of Sagaraka to inspect and take note of the tribute offered by them, and to cause them to be sent on to the capital.
15th day. The Emperor took the Kory6 memorial, and passing it on to the Oho-omi, assembled all the scribes and directed them to read and explain it. At this time all the scribes for the space of three days were unable to read it. Now there was one O Chin-ni, founder of the family of the Funa no fubito,’ who was able to read it and explain its mean- ing to the Emperor. Consequently the Emperor and the Oho-omi, both together, complimented him, saying:—‘‘ What diligence, Chin-ni! Well done, Chin-ni! If thou hadst not been fond of learning, who could have done the interpretation? From this time forward let thy attendance be near Us in the Palace.” After this, an edict was issued to the scribes of East and West,’ saying:—‘‘ How is it that the art which ye practise has come to naught? Though ye are many, none of you is equal to Chin-ni.” Nor was this all. The memorial presented by Koryo was written on crow’s feathers, and the characters, like the feathers, being black, nobody had been able to read them. Chin-ni accordingly steamed the feathers in the vapour from boiled rice, and took an impression of them on a piece of silk, whereupon all the characters were transferred to it, to the wonder of the Court.
6th month. The Chief Koryo Envoy Madicued the Associate Envoys, saying:—‘‘ In the time of the Emperor of Shikishima,” ye, contrary to my advice, allowed yourselves to be deceived by others. You unauthorizedly shared the national tribute, and without due consideration granted it to mean persons. Were you not to blame in this? If the King of our country were to hear of it, he would certainly have you executed.” The Associate Envoys then said to one another:—‘ If on our return 1 ie. recorders of ships. His name shows that he was of Chinese or Corean origin.
2 East means here Yamato; West, Kahachi.
3’ Kimmei Tenn6, so called from his place of residence.
XX.
REX: 92 NIHONGI.
to our country the Chief Envoy reveals our misconduct, it will be unfortunate for us. It is desirable to slay him secretly, and so stop his mouth.” The same night their conspiracy leaked out, and became known to the Chief Envoy. He put on his clothes, and stealing out alone, stood in the inner court of the official residence. He was there not knowing what to do, when one of the ruffians came forward with a club and struck the Chief Envoy on the head, and then. went away. Next there came another ruffian, who, facing right opposite to the Chief Envoy, struck him on the head and hands and then went away. The Chief Envoy remained silent, and stood his ground, wiping the blood from his face. Again there came another ruffian, who rushed forward with a sword, and having stabbed the Chief Envoy in the belly, went away. This time the Chief Envoy prostrated himself on the ground in fear, and in an attitude of supplication. Afterwards there came another ruffan, who killed him, and went away. The next morning, the official entertainer Komaro, Yamato no Aya no Saka no Uhe no Atahe, and the others inquired the cause of this. The Associate Envoys got up a false story, and said:—‘‘ The Emperor presented a wife to the Chief Envoy. The Chief Envoy was disobedient to the Imperial command and refused to accept her. This was a piece of extreme insolence, and your servants therefore slew him on the Emperor’s behalf.” The officials buried him with due ceremony.
Autumn, 7th month. The Koryo Envoys took their departure.
This year was the year Midzunoye Tatsu (2gth) of the Cycle.
2nd year, Summer, 5th month, 2nd day. Koryo Envoys anchored on the coast of the Sea of Kushi. Their ship was wrecked anda great many were drowned. The suspicions of the Court were excited by their so frequently losing their way, and they were dismissed without entertainment. Accordingly Naniha, Kibi no Amabe no Atahe, was sent by the Emperor’s orders to escort home the Koryo Envoys.
Autumn, 7th month, 1st day. Naniha and the Koryo Envoys met in consultation on the coast of the Sea of Koshi. Ihahi, Ohoshima no Obito, and Masa, Saoka no Obito, seamen of Naniha, the escort Envoy, were made to go on board the BIpAaTSU. 93 Koryo Envoys’ ship, while two KoryO men were made to embark in the escort Envoy’s ship. Having in this manner exchanged ships, as a precaution against treachery, they both set sail together. They had only gone a few ri, when the escort Envoy, Naniha, fearing the waves, took the two Koryo men and flung them into the sea.
8th month, 14th day. The escort Envoy, Naniha, returned and reported the result of his mission, saying:—‘‘ The whale- fish of the sea assemble in great numbers and intercept and devour the ships with their sculls and oars. Naniha and his companions fearing to be swallowed up by these fishes were unable to go upon the sea.” The Emperor hearing this saw that his language was untruthful, and employed him in one of the public offices,’ not allowing him to return to his own province.
3rd year, Summer, 5th month, 5th day. The Koryé6 Envoys anchored on the sea-coast of Koshi.
Autumn, 7th month, zoth day. The Koryé Envoys entered the capital and addressed the Emperor, saying:—‘‘ Last year thy servants departed, in company with the escort Envoy, in order to return to their own country. Formerly when thy servants arrived at their frontier State,’ thy servants’ frontier State entertained Ihahi, Ohoshima no Obito, and his com- panions in accordance with the ceremony due to Envoys, and the King of Koryo treated them with specially cordial civility. Notwithstanding this, the ship of the escort Envoy had not arrived up till now, and therefore he has respectfully again sent Envoys along with Ihahi and his companions to request infor- mation as to why our Envoys* have not come.” When the Emperor heard this he enumerated Naniha’s offences, saying: —‘* Thou art doubly guilty, first for having deceived the Court, and secondly, for having drowned the Envoys of a neighbouring State. These are heinous crimes, and thou canst not be released.” He was therefore sentenced to punishment.‘ Winter, roth month, gth day. The Oho-omi, Soga no Mtimako, was sent to the province of Kibi to extend the Shirawi 1 As a slave. ? Note the fiction of Koryé being a dependency of Japan.
3 This must be taken as referring to the two men whom Naniha threw overboard.
* No doubt of death.
Ke ape eye.
NOS 6.
94. NIHONGI.
Miyake and the staff of serfs attached to it. He accordingly took the register of serfs and handed it over to Itsu, Shirawi no Fubito.
11th day. By an Imperial order, the title of Tsu no Fubito' was granted to Ushi,? younger brother of O Chin-ni, Funa no Fubito.* t1th month. Silla sent Envoys to offer tribute.
4th year, Spring, ist month, 9th day. MHirohime, daughter of Prince Mate of Okinaga, was raised to the rank of Empress Consort. She had one son and two daughters. The eldest was called the Imperial Prince Oshizaka Hikohito no Ohine [otherwise the Imperial Prince Maroko]. The second was called the Imperial Princess Sakanobori. The third was called the Imperial Princess Uji no Shitsukahi.
In this month a consort was appointed named Womuna gimi no Otoshi,* the daughter of Nakatsu kimi, Kasuga no Omi. [She was otherwise called Kusu-kimi no Iratsuko.| She bore three sons and one daughter. The first was called the Imperial Prince Naniha; the second was called the Imperial Prince Kasuga; the third was called the Imperial Princess Kuwada; the fourth was called the Imperial Prince Ohomata. The next, an Uneme named Unako no Otoshi, daughter of Wokuma, Ise no Ohoka no Obito, gave birth to the Imperial Princess Futo hime [otherwise called the Imperial Princess Sakurawi] and the Imperial Princess Nukade hime [also called the Imperial Princess Tamura]. | 2nd month, 7th day. The Oho-omi, Mumako no Sukune, returned to the capital and reported the result of his mission respecting the Miyake.
3rd month, 11th day. Peékché sent envoys to offer tribute, more in quantity than in ordinary years. The Emperor, inas- much as Silla had not yet established Imna, gave orders to the Imperial Prince and to the Oho-omi, saying::—“* Be not remiss in the matter of Imna.”
Summer, 4th month, 6th day. The Kishi, Kanako, was sent on a mission to Silla, the Kishi, Itahiko, to Imna, and the Kishi, Wosa-hiko,® to Pékché.
1 Port-recorder. * The ox. 3 i.e. Shipping-recorder. + This is the rendering of the Interlinear Kana version. 5 \Vosa means interpreter. Kishi was originally a Corean title.
BIDATSU. 95 6th month. Silla sent envoys to offer tribute, more in quantity than usual. They also sent tribute for the four town- ships of Ta-ta-ra, Su-na-ra, Hwa-tha, and Pal-kwi.
In this year, by command, the diviners divined a site for the dwellings of Prince Amabe and Prince Itowi. The divination was propitious, and eventually a palace was constructed at Wosada,' which was called the Palace of Sakidama.
Winter, 11th month. The Empress Consort Hirohime died.
5th year, Spring, 3rd month, roth day. The functionaries petitioned that an Empress Consort should be appointed. By the Emperor’s command Toyomike Kashikiya hime no Mikoto? was appointed Empress Consort. She bore two sons and five daughters. The first was called the Imperial Princess Uji no Kahitako [otherwise called the Imperial Princess Uji no Shitsukahi]. She was wedded to Sho6-toku, the heir to the throne. The second was called the Imperial Prince Takeda; the third was called the Imperial Princess Woharida. She was wedded to the Imperial Prince Hiko-hito no Ohine.? The fourth was called the Imperial Princess Umori [otherwise called the Imperial Princess Karu no mori]; the fifth was called the Imperial Prince Wohari; the sixth was called the Imperial Princess Tame. She was wedded to the Emperor Okinaga tarashi-hi hiro-nuka.*./ The seventh was called the Imperial Princess Sakurawi no Yumibari.
6th year, Spring, 2nd month, 1st day. By Imperial com- mand there were established a Sun-worship Be and a private Be Summer, 5th month, 5th day. Prince Ohowake and Woguro no Kishi were sent to govern the Land of Pékché.
The representatives of the Crown, who by Imperial com- mand were sent on service to the three Han, called them- selves 3#, meaning that they governed Corea. This was doubtless an ancient rule. They resembled what are now called Envoys. This explanation applies to all other passages also. It is not clear what was the extraction of Prince Ohowake.
The Interpreter’s field.
1 > Afterwards the reigning Empress Suiko Tenno. 3 Her half-brother. 4 Jomei Tenno.
This is ‘explained to mean “for the Empress’s service.”
XNA Zs AED yoke 96 NIHONGI.
Winter, 11th month, 1st day. The King of the Land of Pékché presented to the Emperor, through the returning Envoys Prince Ohowake and his companions, a number of volumes of religious books,’ with an ascetic,’ a meditative monk,’ a nun, a reciter of mantras,‘ a maker of Buddhist images, and a temple architect, six persons in all. Eventually there was founded the Temple of Prince Ohowake of Naniha.
7th year, Spring, 3rd month, 5th day. The Imperial Princess Uji was made to attend on the shrine of Ise, but an intrigue which she had with the Imperial Prince Ikenobe having come to light, this appointment was cancelled.; 8th year, Winter, roth month. Silla sent Chi-cheul-chéng Nami’ to bring tribute. At the same time he sent a Buddhist image.
gth year, Summer, 6th month. Silla sent Ato Nami and Chil-syo Nami to offer tribute, but they were dismissed without its being received.
roth year, Spring, Intercalary znd month. Several thousand Yemishi showed hostility on the frontier. Accordingly their chiefs [they were very hairy men] Ayakasu’ and others were sent for, and the Emperor gave them his commands, saying:— “You Yemishi! In the reign of the Emperor Oho-tarashi- hiko® those of you whom it was meet to kill were put to death, and those who deserved forgiveness were pardoned. We now, in observance of this precedent, intend to put to death the ring- leaders.”” Hereupon Ayakasu and the others were filled with fear and awe. They went down into the middle stream of the Hatsuse river, and with their faces turned towards Mount Mimoro rinsed * their mouths and made oath, saying:—‘‘ We Yemishi promise that from this time forward, we, our children, and our children’s children [there is an old saying, ‘ The chil-.
1 A later writer says that there were 200 vols., Buddhist Sutras being among them.
2 Monks who practise vinaya. Véde Eitel, p. 202, 2nd edition.
* Yogi. Vide Eitel, p. 209. + Buddhist magic spells.
’ Here and below Nami may be a mistake for Nama, the Corean title of rank, The characters used for mi and ma closely resemble each other.
6 It is to be remembered that all the northern part of the main island of Japan, including the province of Mutsu and Dewa, were at this time in Aino possession. 7 A Japanese name. 8 Keiko Tenno. ® As a purifying ceremony.
BIDATSU. 97 dren of our body eighty times continued’] will serve the Celestial Gate with sincerity of heart. If we break this oath, may all the Gods of Heaven and Earth, and also the spirits of the Emperors, destroy our race.”
11th year, Winter, roth month. Silla sent Ato Nami and Sil-syo Nami to render tribute. They were dismissed, their tribute not being accepted.
r2th year, Autumn, 7th month, 1st day. The Emperor made an order, saying:—‘‘ In the reign of the late Emperor, my father, Silla destroyed our inner Miyake State.
In the 23rd year of the Emperor Ame-kuni oshi-hiraki hiro-niha, Imna was destroyed by Silla. Therefore it is said that Silla destroyed our inner Miyake State.
Our father, the late Emperor, devised measures for restoring Imna, but he died without carrying them out, and did not fulfil ‘his purpose. It therefore devolves on Us to render assistance to his divinely admirable policy, and to restore Imna again. The Talsol, Illa, son of the Arisateung, Miyakko of the Province of Ashigita in Hi,’ now resident in Pékché, is a wise and brave man. Therefore we wish to consult with him.’ Accordingly he sent Oshikatsu, Ki no kuni no Miyakko, and Hashima, Kibi no Amabe no Atahe, to summon him from Peékche.
Winter, roth month. Oshikatsu, Ki no Kuni no Miyakko, and his colleague returned from Pékché and reported the result of their mission to the Court, saying:—‘‘ The King of the Land of Pekche gendered Illa and would not consent to allow him to come up.”
This year, Hashima, Kibi no Amabe no Atahe, was again sent to summon Illa from Pekché. Hashima, having gone to Pékché, wished first of all to see Illa privately. He was standing all by himself facing the door of his house, when there suddenly came from within the house a Corean woman who addressed him in the Corean language, saying:—‘“ Radix tua ineat in meam radicem,” and then went away into the house. Hashima perceived her.meaning, and followed i in after her. Upon this Illa came to meet him, and taking him by the hand, made him take his place on a seat. He then secretly 1 Includes Higo and Hizen. WOE. th. H OG. Ws 98 NIHONGI, informed him, saying:—‘‘ I have received private information that the King of the Land of Pékché is suspicious of the Celestial Court, fearing that if I were sent, I might afterwards be detained and not allowed to return. He is therefore reluctant, and will not consent to offer me. It would be well, when the Imperial commands are delivered, to make a show of severity, and to insist peremptorily on summoning me.” Hashima accordingly followed this plan, and required Illa from the King of the Land of Pékché. He stood in awe of the Celestial Court, and, not daring to disobey the Imperial message, sent Ilia to the Emperor. The Eun-sol,' Tok-ni, Y6-no, and Kanochi, the Associate Official the Tok-sol,? Chhia-kan-t6ék, with a good number of steersmen and sailors, together with Ila and his companions, arrived at the Miyake of Kojima in Kibi. The Court sent Oho- tomo no Nukadeko no Muraji to express sympathy for their fatigues. Afterwards Daibu* were sent to the official residence at Naniha to wait upon Illa. At this time Illa, clad in armour, and riding on horseback, came up to the gate.* Then advancing in front of the Hall of Audience, he did his obei- sances when advancing and retiring in a kneeling posture, and sighing bitterly, said:—‘‘In the reign of the Emperor who ruled the world from the Palace of Hinokuma,’ my Lord Oho- tomo no Kanamura no Ohomuraji sent Arisateung, Hi no Ashigita no Miyakko, and Yugehi’ of the Osaka Be,’ beyond the sea, on the service of the State. Thy servant, the son of the Arisiiteung, the Talsol Ila, having heard the Imperial summons, with fear and awe presents himself at thy Court.” He accordingly took off his armour and delivered it to the Emperor. An official lodging was built for him at Kuha no ichi in Ato, where he was made to dwell, and provided with everything which he desired. Afterwards Abe no Me no Omi, Mononobe no Niheko no Muraji, and Ohotomo no Nuka- deko no Muraji were sent to inquire of Illa respecting the government of the country. Illa answered and said:—‘“ The Emperor’s aim in governing the Empire is to ensure the 1 3rd rank, 2 4th rank, 3 A general term for high officials. + Leading to the Hall of Audience. - > Senkwa Tenno. 6 Archér, 7 The executioners.
BIDATSU. 99 protection and nourishment of the people. Why should he hastily stir up warfare which will redound to their destruction? Therefore now having made all, from his counsellors, viz. the Omi, Muraji, and Miyakko of both kinds [the Kuni no Miyakko and the Tomo no Miyakko], whose duty it is to serve the > Court, down to the people, without exception, to enjoy prosperity, let him cause them to want for nothing. When this has been continued for three years, when food has been made abundant, and arms plentiful, the people being dealt with by means of gladness, will fear neither water nor fire, and will join with the Emperor in commiserating the troubles of the country. Thereafter let ships be built in numbers and stationed in order at all the ports, so that visitors from abroad may view them and be filled with dread. There should then be sent a capable Envoy to Pékché to summon the King of that country, If he does not come, let his Prime Minister or a Prince be summoned to appear, Their hearts will in that case naturally be filled with submissive reverence, and they ought then to be called to an account for their misconduct’? [the crime of delaying to establish Imna|].
Moreover he addressed (a message to) the Emperor, saying:—‘‘ The people of Pékché talk of a plan according to which it is intended to request (a settlement in) Tsukushi for 300 ships (of emigrants?). If they really make this request, I advise Your Majesty to pretend to grant it. Pekché will then wish to create a new country, and will certainly put the women and children on ship-board and come with them in advance. The Government, when this time is at hand, should place in ambush in Iki and Tsushima plenty of troops, and, awaiting their arrival, slay them. On the other hand, guard against being yourselves over-reached, and solidly build fortresses in all the strong positions.”’'
Hereupon one of the Eun-sol and the Associate, on the eve of their departure for their own country [an old book says:—‘‘ One Eun-sol and one Associate ’’] held secret com- munication with T6k-ni and others, saying:—‘‘ If you, having allowed sufficient time for us to get past Tsukushi, will secretly ‘ All this seems great nonsense, It has puzzled the native commentators. se OXes ee eX Ss 109 NIHONGI.
kill Illa, we will report the matter fully to the King, who will confer on you high official rank, so that you and your families will leave prosperity to your descendants.” T6k-ni and Yé-no both agreed. The Associate Official and the others at length started on their journey to Chika.’ Hereupon-: Illa removed from the village of Kuha-ichi to the official residence of Naniha. To6k-ni and his colleague conspired together day and night how they were to slay him. Now Illa’s body was radiant like a flame of fire,? and therefore Tok-ni and the others were afraid, and did not kill him. At length, during the interlune of the 12th month, they awaited his loss of radiance and slew him. But Illa came to life again, and said:—‘‘ This is the doing of our. slaves, and not of Silla.” [This is said because there were at this time Silla Envoys (at the Court).] Having thus spoken, he died.
The Emperor gave command to Niheko no Ohomuraji and Nukadeko no Muraji, and had him buried in front of the Hill of the western boundary of Wogohori. His wife, children, and sailors were made to live at Ishikaha.* Hereupon Oho- tomo no Nukadeko no Muraji counselled, saying:—‘“ If they are made to live all together at one place, I fear it may give rise to trouble.’’ Accordingly the wife and children were made to dwell at Kudara‘-mura in Ishikaha, and the sailors at Ohotomo no mura in Ishikaha. Tok-ni and the other were arrested and kept.at Ada-mura in Lower Kudara, where a number of Daibu were sent to-investigate the matter. Tok-ni and the other confessed their guilt, saying:—‘‘ Indeed it was the Eun-sol and the Associate who by their instructions made us do this. We, being underlings, did not dare to refuse.” They were accordingly cast into prison, and the Daibu reported the result of their mission to the Court. A messenger was sent to Ashigita® to summon all Illa’s household, and Tok-ni and the other were delivered to them to fix their punishment at their discretion. Then the Kimi of Ashigita took them, and having slain them all, cast away their-bodies on the Island of Mimejima. Sia is perhaps er | Illa was * Tlla’s history resembles somewhat that of Kim Ok-kiun in our own day. # 1,6, Pékché, _In.Kahachi.,, ® Ila was of the Ashigita family. See abov e, p. 97.
_BIpATsu. IOI