L'expressió i les emocions en l'home i els animals
- Idioma:
- anglès
- Completesa:
- Obra completa
- Autoria:
- Escrita per l'autor
- Estat del text:
- Sense soroll d'escaneig detectat (mesura automàtica sobre tot el text, no revisada a mà)
- Extensió:
- ~120.000 paraules · 550 passatges
Cita aquesta obra
- APACharles Darwin. (n.d.). The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals [L'expressió i les emocions en l'home i els animals]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ca/works/charles-darwin/the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-animals
- MLACharles Darwin. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals [L'expressió i les emocions en l'home i els animals]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ca/works/charles-darwin/the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-animals.
- ChicagoCharles Darwin. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals [L'expressió i les emocions en l'home i els animals]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ca/works/charles-darwin/the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-animals.
Referència de l’edició reproduïda. SigPhi és la reproducció digital, no l’editor. S’hi inclouen l’any, l’editorial i el traductor quan consten; «n.d.» indica que no consta l’any. La responsabilitat d’un pròleg o d’una nota es determina segons el passatge citat.
De què tracta
El llibre del 1872 en què Darwin sosté que les expressions de la cara i del cos son heretades, comunes a tots els pobles i continues amb les dels animals.
Context i història
L'argument es una peca de l'evolucio aplicada a un terreny on ningu l'esperava: si el somriure, la ira o la vergonya fossin convencions culturals, cada poble en tindria de diferents; si son restes d'accions que un dia van servir per a alguna cosa, han de ser les mateixes arreu. Darwin ho va comprovar enviant un questionari a missioners i colons de tot el mon, observant els seus propis fills des del bressol, i visitant asils i zoos. Es el primer llibre cientific il·lustrat amb fotografies, i algunes son de les primeres fotografies d'expressio que existeixen. Va quedar oblidat durant un segle i el va recuperar la psicologia dels anys setanta; la discussio sobre fins a quin punt te rao encara es viva.
Context editorial, no una font citable: a diferència dels passatges de l'obra, aquestes dades no es poden contrastar amb el corpus.
looked through Dr. Duchenne’s photographs, reading at the same time the text, and thus learning what was intended, I was struck with admiration at the truthfulness of all, with only a few exceptions. Nevertheless, if I had examined them without any explanation, no doubt I should have been as much perplexed, in some cases, as other persons have been. Fourthly, I had hoped to derive much aid from the great masters in painting and sculpture, who are such close observers. Accordingly, I have looked at photographs and engravings of many well-known works; but, with a few exceptions, have not thus profited. The reason no doubt is, that in works of art, beauty is the chief object; and strongly contracted facial muscles destroy beauty.[19] The story of the composition is generally told with wonderful force and truth by skilfully given accessories. Fifthly, it seemed to me highly important to ascertain whether the same expressions and gestures prevail, as has often been asserted without much evidence, with all the races of mankind, especially with those who have associated but little with Europeans. Whenever the same movements of the features or body express the same emotions in several distinct races of man, we may infer with much probability, that such expressions are true ones,—that is, are innate or instinctive. Conventional expressions or gestures, acquired by the individual during early life, would probably have differed in the different races, in the same manner as do their languages. Accordingly I circulated, early in the year 1867, the following printed queries with a request, which has been fully responded to, that actual observations, and not memory, might be trusted. These queries were written after a considerable interval of time, during which my attention had been otherwise directed, and I can now see that they might have been greatly improved. To some of the later copies, I appended, in manuscript, a few additional remarks:— (1.…