Obres de Martí Luter, volum I
- Idioma:
- anglès
- Completesa:
- Obra completa
- Autoria:
- Escrita per l'autor
- Estat del text:
- Amb errors d'escaneig (mesura automàtica sobre tot el text, no revisada a mà) · 8 passatges il·legibles, exclosos de les respostes
- Extensió:
- ~160.000 paraules · 752 passatges
Cita aquesta obra
- APAMartí Luter. (n.d.). Works of Martin Luther, Volume I [Obres de Martí Luter, volum I]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ca/works/martin-luther/works-of-martin-luther-volume-i
- MLAMartí Luter. Works of Martin Luther, Volume I [Obres de Martí Luter, volum I]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ca/works/martin-luther/works-of-martin-luther-volume-i.
- ChicagoMartí Luter. Works of Martin Luther, Volume I [Obres de Martí Luter, volum I]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ca/works/martin-luther/works-of-martin-luther-volume-i.
Referència de l’edició reproduïda. SigPhi és la reproducció digital, no l’editor. S’hi inclouen l’any, l’editorial i el traductor quan consten; «n.d.» indica que no consta l’any. La responsabilitat d’un pròleg o d’una nota es determina segons el passatge citat.
De què tracta
El primer volum de l'edicio anglesa de Filadelfia de les obres de Luter, amb els escrits del 1517 al 1520 que van obrir la Reforma.
Context i història
Hi ha les noranta-cinc tesis sobre les indulgencies —que Luter va escriure per convocar una disputa academica, no per trencar amb Roma— i la seva explicacio posterior, molt mes explicita. Hi ha tambe els tres grans escrits del 1520, els que van fer irreversible la ruptura: «A la noblesa cristiana de la nacio alemanya», que demana als prínceps que reformin l'Esglesia perque el clergat no ho fa; «La captivitat babilonica», que redueix els set sagraments a dos; i «La llibertat del cristia», el mes serè dels tres, amb la formula doble que el cristia es senyor lliure de tot i servent de tots. Convé llegir-los en aquest ordre: son un any de la vida d'un home que va de proposar un debat a ser excomunicat.
Context editorial, no una font citable: a diferència dels passatges de l'obra, aquestes dades no es poden contrastar amb el corpus.
"venial." [18] Mortal sins for which the offender had not received absolution were punished eternally, while venial sins were those which merited only some smaller penalty; but when a mortal sin was confessed and absolution granted, the guilt of the sin was done away, and with it the eternal penalty. And yet the absolution did not open the gate of heaven, though it closed the door of hell; the eternal penalty was not to be exacted, but there was a temporal penalty to be paid. The "satisfaction" was the temporal penalty, and if satisfaction was in arrears at death, the arrearage must be paid in purgatory, a place of punishment for mortal sins confessed and repented, but "unsatisfied," and for venial sins, which were not serious enough to bring eternal condemnation. The penalties of purgatory were "temporal," viz., they stopped somewhere this side of eternity, and their duration could be measured in days and years, though the number of the years might mount high into the thousands and tens of thousands. It was at this point that the practice of indulgences united with the theory of the Sacrament of Penance. The indulgences had to do with the "satisfaction." [19] They might be "partial," remitting only a portion of the penalties, measured by days or years of purgatory; or they might be "plenary," remitting all penalties due in this world or the next. _In theory_, however, no indulgence could remit the guilt or the eternal penalty of sin,[20] and the purchaser of an indulgence was not only expected to confess and be absolved, but he was also supposed to be _corde contritus_, i. e., "truly penitent." [21] A rigid insistence on the fulfilment of these conditions would have greatly restricted the value of the indulgences as a means of gain, for the right to hear confession and grant absolution belonged to the parish-priests. Consequently, it became the custom to endow the indulgence-vendors with extraordinary powers.…