Moralia
- Idioma:
- inglés
- Estado:
- Obra completa
- Autoría:
- Atribuida (autoría debatida)
- Estado del texto:
- Con errores de escaneo (medición automática sobre todo el texto, no revisada a mano) · 6 pasajes ilegibles, excluidos de las respuestas
- Extensión:
- ~160.000 palabras · 782 pasajes
Cita esta obra
- APAPlutarco. (n.d.). Plutarch's Morals [Moralia]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/es/works/plutarch/plutarch-s-morals
- MLAPlutarco. Plutarch's Morals [Moralia]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/es/works/plutarch/plutarch-s-morals.
- ChicagoPlutarco. Plutarch's Morals [Moralia]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/es/works/plutarch/plutarch-s-morals.
Referencia de la edición reproducida. SigPhi es la reproducción digital. Se incluyen año, editorial y traductor cuando constan; «n.d.» indica que no consta el año.
De qué trata
Los «Moralia»: la parte no biográfica de la obra de Plutarco, sesenta y tantos tratados y diálogos sobre casi todo, desde cómo leer a los poetas hasta por qué callaron los oráculos.
Contexto e historia
Es el contrapeso de las «Vidas paralelas», y mucha gente no sabe que existe. Plutarco era sacerdote en Delfos y platónico, y escribe como un hombre culto que conversa: hay consejos sobre la amistad y sobre cómo distinguir a un adulador de un amigo, un tratado sobre la ira, otro sobre la tranquilidad del alma, páginas sobre la educación de los hijos, sobre si los animales razonan, y las «Cuestiones de sobremesa», que son literalmente conversaciones de sobremesa. Montaigne lo leyó toda la vida y le debe buena parte del tono de los «Ensayos». Conviene saber que el conjunto es diverso y desigual, y que algunos de los tratados que circulan ahí no son suyos.
Contexto editorial, no una fuente citable: a diferencia de los pasajes de la obra, estos datos no se pueden comprobar contra el corpus.
freeborn. For slaves try to shirk and avoid their work, partly because of the pain of blows, partly on account of being reviled. But praise or censure are far more useful than abuse to the freeborn, praise pricking them on to virtue, censure deterring them from vice. But one must censure and praise alternately: when they are too saucy we must censure them and make them ashamed of themselves, and again encourage them by praise, and imitate those nurses who, when their children sob, give them the breast to comfort them. But we must not puff them up and make them conceited with excessive praise, for that will make them vain and give themselves airs. § XIII. And I have ere now seen some fathers, whose excessive love for their children has turned into hatred. My meaning I will endeavour to make clearer by illustration. While they are in too great a hurry to make their sons take the lead in everything, they lay too much work upon them, so that they faint under their tasks, and, being overburdened, are disinclined for learning. For just as plants grow with moderate rain, but are done for by too much rain, so the mind enlarges by a proper amount of work, but by too much is unhinged. We must therefore give our boys remission from continuous labour, bearing in mind that all our life is divided into labour and rest; thus we find not only wakefulness but sleep, not only war but peace, not only foul weather but fine also, not only working days but also festivals. And, to speak concisely, rest is the sauce of labour. And we can see this not only in the case of animate, but even inanimate things, for we make bows and lyres slack that we may be able to stretch them. And generally the body is preserved by repletion and evacuation, and the soul by rest and work. We ought also to censure some fathers who, after entrusting their sons to tutors and preceptors, neither see nor hear how the teaching is done. This is a great mistake.…