Experience and Nature

John Dewey

Lingua:

inglese

Stato:

Complete work

Autorialità:

Written by the author

CHAPTER ONE Experience and Philosophic Method As Mr. Ralph Perry has said, experience is a weasel word. Its slipperiness is evident in an inconsistency characteristic of many thinkers. On the_ane hand they eagerly claim an empirical method; they foreswear the a priori and transcendent; they are sensitive to the charge that they employ data unwarranted by experience. On the other hand, they are given to deprecating the concep¬ tion of experience; experience, it is said, is purely subjec¬ tive, and whoever takes experience for his subject-matter is logically bound to land in the most secluded of idealisms. Interesting as the theme is, it is aside from our purpose to account for this contradictory attitude. It may be surmised, however, that those guilty of the contradiction think in two insulated universes of discourse. In adher¬ ence to empirical method, they think of experience in terms of the modern development of scientific method; but their idea of experience as a distinctive subject matter is derived from another source — introspective psychology as it was elaborated in the nineteenth century.1 But we must make a choice. If the identification of experience with purely mental states is correct, then the last tiling one should profess is acceptance of empirical method as the scientific road to the understanding of the natural l“ Psychological: Consciousness as a process taking place in time.” This is the primary definition given in Baldwin’s Dictionary of Philoso¬ phy and Psychology. 2 EXPERIENCE AND NATURE and social world in which we live. And if scientific method is intrinsically empirical, then the subject-matter of experience cannot be what introspective psychologists have told us it is.

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