=alter Africanus=. P. Cornelius Scipio (Aemilianus) Africanus, son of Aemilius Paullus, but adopted by the elder Scipio's son. He took and destroyed Carthage 146, Numantia 133 B.C.
=Paullus=. L. Aem. Paullus defeated and made prisoner Perseus king of Macedonia at Pydna, 168 B.C.
=bis=. He defeated the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae (102), the Cimbri near Vercellae on the Campus Raudius (101).
=Pompeius=, see on 2. 11. Note the rhetorical exaggeration in 'eisdem quibus solis cursus,' etc.
§22.
=uno loco=, 'in one point' =serviunt=, 'become slaves.'
=possis= is the apodosis of a conditional sentence with the protasis suppressed. 'You would not be able (if you were to try),' i.e. 'you can never hope to be able.'
=neque ulla=, etc. This hope was not realized. The immediate danger being removed, the equites fell back into their habitual attitude of opposition to the senate.
§23.
=pro imperio=, 'in the place of military command.' The _imperium_ was the authority vested in a general in virtue of which he controlled his army by martial law. It belonged equally to all the higher magistrates, but within the walls of Rome itself its exercise was restricted. Cicero was not going to govern a province, and therefore not to command an army.
=pro provincia=. Sulla had ordained that each of the ten chief magistrates (two consuls and eight praetors) should, after the expiration of his year of office in the city, govern a province as proconsul or propraetor. The senate decided which should be the consular provinces, and the consuls settled between themselves (by lot or otherwise) which each should take. The consular provinces for 62 B.C.
were Macedonia and Cisalpine Gaul. As Macedonia was a rich province, Cicero had given it up to Antonius, in order to secure his support against the conspirators. His own province would therefore in the ordinary course have been Cisalpine Gaul. But subsequently he asked to be allowed to resign it, and it fell to the praetor Metellus Celer. (See Ep. ad Att. 2. 1 'cum provinciam in contione deposui,' and ad Fam. 5. 2, where writing to Metellus Celer he says 'si hoc dicam, me tui causa praetermisisse provinciam, tibi ipsi levior videar esse.') By resigning his province he gave up the command of an army, and with it the chance of a triumph.
=pro clientelis=, etc. Provincial communities often attached themselves as 'clients' to their former governors, who became their 'patroni' and were specially bound to look after their interests. Cicero here says that by giving up a province he has given up the best opportunities of forming such connections; nevertheless though confined to the city he will still do his best in that direction. Tr. 'In the place of ties of clientship and mutual friendship with provincials, which nevertheless by such influence as I can exercise in the city (urbanis opibus) I strive to acquire as zealously as I maintain them' (when acquired).
=pro meis=, etc. Note that 'pro' is here used in a different sense from the foregoing; '_in return for_ my zeal,' etc.
=suo solius periculo=. Cf. phrases like 'mea ipsius manu.' 'Solius' agrees with the genitive of the personal pronoun to be understood from 'suo.'
§24.
=per se ipsum=, 'by himself'; cf. 1. 11 'per me tibi obstiti.'
=praestare= is 'to be responsible for,' 'guarantee,' and so, 'to execute.' He means that he will take upon himself the sole responsibility of carrying out the senate's decrees.
INDEX.
accusative in adverbial phrases, 1. 10.
agrarii, 4. 4.
asyndeton, 2. 1.
caput, 4. 10.
Cato, M., Intr. 15.
Cethegus, 3. 6-14.
Cinna, 3. 9, 3. 24.
clientelae provinciales, 4. 23.
cognitor, 4. 9.
3. 15, 4. 7.
consilium, 1. 2.
contio, 4. 11.
duint, 1. 22.
edictum praetoris, 2. 5.
eludo, 1. 1.
Ethic dative, 2. 4.
fides publica, 3.8.
First conspiracy, Intr. 8.
Gabinius, 3. 6-14.
honores, 1. 28.
inter falcarios, 1. 8.
ita ut, idiomatic uses of, 4. 11, 4. 15.
Lepidus, M., 3. 24.
Lex Villia Annalis, 1.28 _n._ libertini, 4. 16.
loco, 3. 20.
malleolus, 1. 32.
Memmius, C., 4. 4.
Octavius, Cn., 3. 24.
Opimius, L., 1. 4.
oxymoron, 1. 18.
Palatium, 1. 1.
parricida, 1. 29.
Pistoria, Intr. 15.
possessio, 2. 18.
praefectura, 3. 5.
Praeneste, 1. 8.
praetexta, 2. 4.
praetoria cohors, 2. 24.
proscriptio bonorum, 2. 21.
pulvinar, 3. 23.
purpuratus, 4. 12.
quaesitor, 4. 10.
Reate, 3. 5.
sacrarium, 1. 24.
satelles, 1. 7.
Saturnalia, 3. 10.
Scipio Aemilianus, 4. 21.
Scipio Africanus, 4. 21.
Scipio Nasica, 1. 3.
scribae, 4. 15.
Sibylline prophecies, 3. 9.
Silanus, D., 4. 7.
Statilius, 3. 6-14.
subiector, 2. 7.
subjunctive, interrogative, 2. 18.
Sulla, 3. 9, 3. 24.
Sullan colonies, 2. 20.
supplicatio, 3. 15.
tabulae auctionariae, 2. 18.
tabulae novae, 2. 18.
tribuni aerarii, 4. 15.
tumultus, 3. 4.
ut with subj. in exclamations, 1. 22, 1. 24.
Via Aurelia, 2. 6.
THE END.
OXFORD: PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A., PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY PROPER NAMES.
This index does not contain all the proper names occurring in the Orations; those about which information is either unnecessary or supplied in the notes or introduction are omitted.
Final _o_ is long. All other long single vowels are marked, unless they are followed by two consonants, in which case the syllable is long.
A =Allobroges=, =-um=, a people of Gaul dwelling south-west of the Lake of Geneva, between the Rhone and the Isère.
=Appenî=, =-i=, _m._ the Apennines, the mountain chain extending along the centre of Italy.
=Apûlia=, =-ae=, _f._ a country on the east coast of Italy, between Calabria and Samnium; now Puglia.
C =Caesar, C. Iulius=, born 102 or 100 B.C. Elected Pontifex Maximus in 63, the year of Cicero's consulship. After the coalition with Pompeius and Crassus, which is called the First Triumvirate, he became consul in 59, and in the next year he entered on the government of the Province of Gaul and began his conquest of the tribes hitherto independent. In 49 he marched into Italy as the declared enemy of the Senatorial party, and in 48 overthrew its champion, Pompeius, at Pharsâlus. On his return to Rome he was made Dictator for life, and four years afterwards, on the 15th of March, 44 B.C., he was murdered at a meeting of the Senate.
=Capitôlium=, =-i=, _n._, the Capitol, one of the two summits of the Capitoline hill and the great temple of Jupiter on it, the other summit being called the =arx= or citadel.
=Cicero, M. Tullius=, born at Arpînum of an Equestrian family, 106 B.C.
His first extant speech was delivered in 81. He impeached Verres in 70 for his misgovernment in Sicily, crushed the Catilinarian conspiracy when he was consul in 63, and in 58 went into exile on a charge of illegal conduct in ordering the execution of the conspirators. He was recalled in the following year. When the civil war broke out between Caesar and Pompeius, he supported the Senatorial party, but he became reconciled to Caesar after his victory over Pompeius at Pharsâlus. After the murder of Caesar he attacked Antonius violently in the _Philippics_, and, being put on the list of the 'proscribed' by Augustus and Antonius, he was murdered at Formiae by the soldiers of Antonius on the 7th of December, 43 B.C.
=Cimber=, =-bri=, a _cognômen_ or additional name given by Cicero to P.
Gabînius Cepito, one of the conspirators.
=Concordia=, =-ae=, _f._ harmony, concord; personified as a goddess.
E =Etrûria=, =-ae=, _f._ a country on the west coast of Italy, between the Tiber and the Arno.
F =Faesulae=, =-ârum=, _f. plur._ a city of Etrûria; now Fiesole, near Florence.
I =Îdûs=, =-uum=, _f. plur._ the Ides, the fifteenth day of March, May, July, October, the thirteenth of the other months.
K =Kalendae=, =-ârum=, _f. plur._ the Calends, the first day of the month; =prîdiê Kalendâs=, the day before the Calends.
L M =Manliânus=, =-a=, =-um=, of Manlius, the commander of Catiline's troops.
=Marius, C=., born 157 B.C. He was consul seven times. His great exploits were the conquest of Jugurtha (106), the destruction of the Teutoni at Aquae Sextiae (102) and of the Cimbri at Vercellae (101). In his sixth consulship he crushed the insurrection of Sâturnînus and Glaucia. In the civil war against Sulla he was forced to flee from Italy, but he soon returned, entered Rome with Cinna and massacred great numbers of the aristocratical party opposed to him. He died in the following year, 86 B.C.
=Massilia=, =-ae=, _f._ Marseilles, a Greek settlement near the mouth of the Rhone, in the Roman Province (Gallia Narbônensis).
=Massiliensês=, =-ium=, the people of Massilia.
N the 1st of November.
P =Penâtês=, =-ium=, _m._ the guardian gods of the State.
=Pîcênus=, =-a,=, =-um=, of Pîcênum, a district on the east coast of Italy, north of Apûlia.
=Pompeius, Cn. Pompeius Magnus=, was born 106 B.C. When he was still quite young, he showed great military ability in the service of Sulla during the war in Italy against the generals of the Marian party. In 77 he was sent to Spain, and for five years conducted the operations against Sertorius. In 66 he cleared the Mediterranean of the Cilician pirates, and was appointed by the Manilian law to succeed Lucullus in the command against Mithridâtes. In 60 he made the coalition with Caesar and Crassus called the First Triumvirate, but when the civil war broke out, he supported the Senate against Caesar and was conquered by him at Pharsâlus, 48 B.C. He fled to Egypt and was murdered there.
S celebrated on the 17th of December and several days following.
T =Transalpînus=, =-a=, =-um=, that lies beyond the Alps, Transalpine.
V =Vesta=, =-ae=, goddess of the hearth and household.
=Vestâlis=, =-e=, of Vesta, Vestal; especially =Virginês Vestâlês=, the virgin priestesses of Vesta, who kept the holy fire burning in her temple.
VOCABULARY.
Final _i_ and _o_ are long, if they are not marked. All other long single vowels are marked, unless they are followed by two consonants, in which case the syllable is necessarily long.
Perfects and supines of all verbs of the third conjugation are given.
Under other verbs they are not given, unless they are irregular.
An asterisk (*) prefixed to a word indicates that the word itself is not found.
A =ab-horreo=, =-ui=,----(2), _intr._ shrink from, differ from, am unconnected with, am inconsistent with.
=abiectus=, =-a=, =-um=, downcast, disheartened, prostrated.
=ab-sum=, =âfui=, =abesse=, _intr._ am away, am distant.
=ac-celero= (1), _tr. or intr._ hasten, make haste.
=âcer=, =âcris=, =âcre=, sharp, keen, active, vigorous, violent, severe.
=acerbê=, _adv._ bitterly, violently.
=acerbitâs=, =-âtis=, _f._ harshness, pain, affliction.
=aciês=, =-êi=, _f._ sharp edge, edge; line of battle, battle array.
=ad=, _prep. c. acc._ to, at, near, with, for, with respect to.
=ad-dûco=, =-xi=, =-ctum= (3), _tr._ bring, bring up, lead, induce, prevail upon.
=adeo=, _adv._ so far, so, even.
_plur._ corpulence.
(_varied in meaning by the abl. that qualifies it_).
=adfînis=, =-e=, related, associated.
=aditus=, =-ûs=, _m._ means of approaching, approach, access.
=ad-sum=, =-fui=, =-esse=, _intr._ am near, am at hand.
=adulescentulus=, =-i=, _m._ very young man, youth.
approaches.
_plur._ house.
=aequê=, _adv._ equally, in like manner; =aequê ac=, just as.
=aequus=, =-a=, =-um=, level, equal, untroubled.
=aerârius=, =-a=, =-um=, belonging to the treasury; =aes=, =aeris=, _n._ copper, bronze; money; _plur._ bronze tablets; _intr._ plead, speak.
=agrârius=, =-a=, =-um=, of the land, agrarian; =agrârii=, =-ôrum=, _m. plur._ partisans of the agrarian laws.
=agrestis=, =-e=, of the country, of the fields; =âlea=, =-ae=, _f._ game of hazard, gambling.
=aliênigena=, =-ae=, foreign, alien.
=aliênus=, =-a=, =-um=, strange, belonging to another; =aliquando=, _adv._ at some time, now at length.
=aliquo=, _adv._ to some place.
support.
=alter=, =-era=, =-erum=, the other, second; =alter...alter=, the one...the other.
=amans=, =-ntis=, loving, affectionate, devoted to (_gen._).
=amplus=, =-a=, =-um=, considerable, great, illustrious; handsome (_of words or rewards_); _also used elliptically to ask a single question_.
=anhelo= (1), _tr. or intr._ breathe out, exhale; pant, gasp.
=animus=, =-i=, _m._ mind, heart, feeling; _plur._ spirit, courage.
=anteâ=, _adv._ before, formerly.
=antelûcânus=, =-a=, =-um=, before light, lasting till daybreak.
=appello= (1), _tr._ speak to, address.
=apud=, _prep. c. acc._ near, with, among, at the house of.
=ardor=, =-ôris=, _m._ fire, heat, brightness.
=argenteus=, =-a=, =-um=, of silver, silver.
=argentum=, =-i=, _n._ silver, silver plate.
=atrox=, =-ôcis=, horrible, hideous.
_sc._ =animum=, give heed to.
=auctiônârius=, =-a=, =-um=, of an auction.
=auctor=,=-ôris=, _m._ originator, author, proposer, doer.
=auctôritâs=, =-âtis=, _f._ influence, authority, bidding.
=audâcia=, =-ae=, _f._ boldness, insolence, violence.
=audax=, =-âcis=, bold, violent.
=barbaria=, =-ae=, _f._ foreign country, barbarous country.
=bipertîto=, _adv._ in two divisions.
=mente captus=, =-a=, =-um=, weakened in sense, insane.
=capitâlis=, =-e=, belonging to the head, capital, deadly.
=caput=, =-itis=, _n._ head; life, civil rights.
=castrensis=, =-e=, of the camp.
=causa=, =-ae=, _f._ cause, reason, question; position; =causâ= (_gen._), for the purpose of.
_c. dat._ yield to.
=certê=, _adv._ certainly, assuredly.
=certo= (1), _intr._ contend, struggle, fight, rival.
=certus=, =-a=, =-um=, certain, sure, trustworthy; =cêteri=, =-ae=, =-a=, the rest, all other.
round on, give heed to.
=cîvîlis=, =-e=, civil, political.
=clârus=, =-a=, =-um=, bright, manifest, famous.
=clientêla=, =-ae=, _f._ clientship (_the relation of patron and dependent at Rome_).
=co-erceo= (2), _tr._ check, restrain, repress.
=côgito= (1), _tr._ reflect upon, meditate, design.
compel.
=comitium=, =-i=, _n._ comitium (_place for voting by the north-east extremity of the Forum_); _plur._ assembly, elections.
=com-memoro= (1), _tr._ mention, relate, declare.
in; practise, perpetrate, entrust; =committo ut=, bring about that, so act that.
=commûnis=, =-e=, common, general.
=com-mûto= (1), change, alter.
=com-paro= (1), _tr._ get together, procure, acquire, contrive.
=com-prehendo=, =-di=, =-sum= (3), _tr._ lay hold of, arrest, detect.
retire.
=con-cito= (1), _tr._ excite, arouse, stir up.
=concordia=, =-ae=, _f._ harmony, union, unanimity.
=con-curso= (1), _intr._ hurry about, run to and fro.
=condicio=, =-ônis=, _f._ agreement, terms, lot, task, position, circumstances.
compare, direct, put off; _with reflex. pronoun_, betake myself.
=con-ficio=, =-fêci=, =-fectum= (3), _tr._ finish, carry out, wear out.
_c. infin._ am confident that.
=con-firmo= (1), _tr._ strengthen, increase; declare.
=con-flagro= (1), _intr._ burn, am consumed.
=con-flîgo=, =-xi=, =-ctum= (3), _intr._ come into conflict, am opposed.
=con-flo= (1), _tr._ blow together, fuse; stir up, cause.
=con-fringo=, =-frêgi=, =-fractum= (3), _tr._ break up, bring to naught.
=con-grego= (1), _tr._ herd together, assemble.
=conscientia=, =-ae=, _f._ knowledge, consciousness, knowledge of guilt, conscience.
=con-secro= (1), make sacred, consecrate.
=con-sequor=, =-secûtus sum= (3), _tr._ follow up, follow, catch up, attain to, learn.
=con-servo= (1), _tr._ keep safe, save.
=consilium=, =-i=, _n._ deliberation, purpose, intention; plan, wisdom; council.
upon.
=constanter=, _adv._ steadily, consistently.
establish, found.
=con-stat=, _impers._ it is agreed, it is well known.
=consul=, =-ulis=, _m._ consul (_the title of the two highest magistrates of the Roman state, elected annually_).
=consulâris=, =-e=, of a consul, consular; =consulâris=, =-is=, _m._ ex-consul, one of consular rank.
repress, keep to myself.
befall, happen.
_adv._ opposite, otherwise; =contrâ atque=, otherwise than.
=con-venit=, _impers._ it is fitting.
=con-voco= (1), _tr._ call together, assemble.
_plur._ resources, troops.
=côpiôsus=, =-a=, =-um=, plentiful, well supplied.
=cum=, _conj._ when, since.
=cumulo= (1), _tr._ heap up, aggravate.
=cûr=, _adv._ why.
=cûra=, =-ae=, _f._ care, anxiety, task.
=cûro= (1), _tr. or intr._ care for, attend to, take measures.
=custôdia=, =-ae=, _f._ watch, guard, imprisonment; sentinel (_usually in plur._).
_followed by infin._ am bound to, must, ought.
=dêbilito= (1), weaken, unnerve.
decree, resolve.
=declînâtio=, =-ônis=, _f._ bending aside, avoidance, escape.
=dê-dûco=, =-xi=, =-ctum= (3), _tr._ bring down, bring, lead away, conduct.
revolt from, rebel against.
=dê-flagro= (1), _tr. or intr._ turn down, destroy utterly; am consumed.
=dê-icio=, =-iêci=, =-iectum= (3), _tr._ throw aside, cast down, force away.
=deinde=, _adv._ next, then; =dêmens=, =-ntis=, mad, maddened, distracted.
=dêmum=, _adv._ at last.
=dênique=, _adv._ at last, at length.
=dê-nuntio= (1), _tr._ give notice of.
remove, overthrow.
=dê-prâvo= (1), _tr._ pervert, lead astray.
=dê-precor= (1), _tr._ avert by prayer, avert.
=dê-scrîbo=, =-psi=, =-ptum= (3), _tr._ copy off, arrange, map out.
=dêsîdero= (1), _tr._ long for, miss.
=dê-spêro= (1), _tr. or intr._ despair of, give up hope; =dê-testor= (1), _tr._ avert by entreaty.