柏拉图派翘楚普罗提诺哲学全集，凡54卷…… (IV)
- 语言:
- 英语
- 状态:
- 完整作品
- 作者归属:
- 作者本人所著
- 文本状况:
- 文本清晰 · 1 段无法辨读，已从回答中排除
- 篇幅:
- 约 91,800 词 · 436 个段落
引用本作品
- APA普罗提诺. (n.d.). 柏拉图派翘楚普罗提诺哲学全集，凡54卷…… (IV). SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/plotinus/plotinos-complete-works-v-4
- MLA普罗提诺. "柏拉图派翘楚普罗提诺哲学全集，凡54卷…… (IV)." SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/plotinus/plotinos-complete-works-v-4.
- Chicago普罗提诺. 柏拉图派翘楚普罗提诺哲学全集，凡54卷…… (IV). SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/plotinus/plotinos-complete-works-v-4.
内容简介
肯尼思·格思里所译普罗提诺四卷本之第四卷：语料库中的另一种版本。
背景与流传
普罗提诺公元三世纪在罗马讲学，写作并非为了出版；他的学生波菲利在他去世后收集其文稿，编为六组、每组九篇——“九章集”（Enneads）之名即由此而来；这一编次并非普罗提诺自己的。他的哲学自柏拉图出发而更进一步：由超乎存在与思维之上的“太一”流溢出“心智”，由心智流溢出“灵魂”，由灵魂流溢出可感世界；而人的灵魂能够循此路回溯向上——波菲利说，他的老师曾四次做到。整个新柏拉图主义由此而出，奥古斯丁、狄奥尼修斯、阿拉伯诸哲、菲奇诺与文艺复兴皆经由它。读者请注意：本目录收有同一批材料的两种英译本——《Select Works of Plotinus》（托马斯·泰勒译）与四卷本《Plotinos Complete Works》（肯尼思·格思里译）——译文与编次都不同；而《An Essay on the Beautiful》即《九章集》I.6，两个本子里都有。这并非错误：它们是同一作者的不同版本。引用时必须注明所用何本，最好并注明九章集的卷次与篇次。
这是编辑性背景，不是可引用的来源：与作品本身的段落不同，这些说明无法在语料库中核对。
1. The (Aristotelian) ideal of living well and happiness are (practically) identical. Should we, on that account, grant even to animals the privilege of achieving happiness? Why might we not say that they live well, if it be granted them, in their lives, to follow the course of nature, without obstacles? For if to live well consist either in pleasure (pleasant passions, as the Epicureans taught), or in realizing one's own individual aim (the Stoic ideal), then this living well is, in either case, possible for animals, who can both enjoy pleasure, and accomplish their peculiar aim. Thus singing birds live a life desirable for them, if they enjoy pleasure, and sing conformably to their nature. If further we should define happiness as achieving the supreme purpose towards which nature aspires (the Stoic ideal), we should, even in this case, admit that animals share in happiness when they accomplish this supreme purpose. Then nature arouses in them no further desires, because their whole career is completed, and their life is filled from beginning to end. WHETHER PLANTS MAY BE TERMED HAPPY. There are no doubt some who may object to our admitting to happiness living beings other than man. They might even point out that on this basis happiness could not be refused to even the lowest beings, such as plants: for they also live, their life also has a purpose, by which they seek to fulfil their development. However, it would seem rather unreasonable to say, that living beings other than humans cannot possess happiness by this mere reason that to us they seem pitiable. Besides, it would be quite possible to deny to plants what may be predicated of other living beings, on the grounds that plants lack emotion.…