SigPhiSigPhi

خطب ماركوس توليوس شيشرون، المجلد 4

شيشرون

اللغة:
الإنجليزية
الحالة:
عمل كامل
التأليف:
كتبه المؤلف بنفسه
حالة النص:
لم يُرصد تشويش في المسح الضوئي (قياس آلي على النص كله، لم يُراجَع يدويًا)
الحجم:
~220,000 كلمة · 1,058 مقطعًا
استشهد بهذا العمل
  • APAشيشرون. (n.d.). The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Volume 4 [خطب ماركوس توليوس شيشرون، المجلد 4]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ar/works/cicero/the-orations-of-marcus-tullius-cicero-volume-4
  • MLAشيشرون. The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Volume 4 [خطب ماركوس توليوس شيشرون، المجلد 4]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ar/works/cicero/the-orations-of-marcus-tullius-cicero-volume-4.
  • Chicagoشيشرون. The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Volume 4 [خطب ماركوس توليوس شيشرون، المجلد 4]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ar/works/cicero/the-orations-of-marcus-tullius-cicero-volume-4.

إحالة إلى الطبعة التي يستنسخها SigPhi: SigPhi هو نسختها الرقمية لا ناشرها. سنة الطبعة غير مذكورة في البيانات الوصفية (لذلك «n.d.»)، ولا يُذكر المترجم إلا إذا كان مسجلًا.

عمّ يتحدث

مجلد من خطب شيشرون بالترجمة الإنجليزية: مرافعات اتهام ودفاع وخطب أمام مجلس الشيوخ أو الشعب.

السياق والتاريخ

ثمّة ما يغيّر طريقة قراءتها: فهذه النصوص ليست ما قيل في المحكمة. كان شيشرون ينشر خطبه بعد إلقائها، منقّحةً مصقولة، وأحيانًا مبدَّلة كثيرًا. والمثال المشهور «دفاعًا عن ميلو»: فالخطبة التي بلغتنا ليست التي ألقاها — إذ عُلا عليه الصياح ذلك اليوم وأُدين ميلو — بل الصيغة التي كتبها بعدُ كما كان يودّ أن يقولها. وهي أدبٌ بقدر ما هي وثيقة قضائية. وتوزيع المجلدات من صنع الناشر.

سياق تحريري، لا مصدر قابل للاقتباس: بخلاف مقاطع العمل نفسه، لا يمكن التحقق من هذه المعلومات في المدونة.

كيف يبدأ
power for the future, was taken away from us; and a great pledge appeared to have been given by him to the republic that he did wish the city to be free, when he utterly abolished out of the republic the name of dictator, which had often been a legitimate title, on account of our late recollection of a perpetual dictatorship. A few days afterwards the senate was delivered from the danger of bloodshed, and a hook[5] was fixed into that runaway slave who had usurped the name of Caius Marius. And all these things he did in concert with his colleague. Some other things that were done were the acts of Dolabella alone; but, if his colleague had not been absent, would, I believe, have been done by both of them in concert. For when enormous evil was insinuating itself into the republic, and was gaining more strength day by day; and when the same men were erecting a tomb[6] in the forum, who had performed that irregular funeral; and when abandoned men, with slaves like themselves, were every day threatening with more and more vehemence all the houses and temples of the city; so severe was the rigour of Dolabella, not only towards the audacious and wicked slaves, but also towards the profligate and unprincipled freemen, and so prompt was his overthrow of that accursed pillar, that it seems marvellous to me that the subsequent time has been so different from that one day. For behold, on the first of June, on which day they had given notice that we were all to attend the senate, everything was changed. Nothing was done by the senate, but many and important measures were transacted by the agency of the people, though that people was both absent and disapproving. The consuls elect said, that they did not dare to come into the senate.…

اقرأ العمل كاملًا ←

موضوعات العمل

→ العودة إلى شيشرون