Philosophisches Wörterbuch, Band 02
⚠️ Inhaltswarnung
- Sprache:
- Englisch
- Status:
- Vollständiges Werk
- Autorschaft:
- Vom Autor verfasst
- Zustand des Textes:
- Kein Scanrauschen festgestellt (automatische Messung über den ganzen Text, nicht von Hand geprüft)
- Umfang:
- ~79.400 Wörter · 377 Passagen
Dieses Werk zitieren
- APAVoltaire. (n.d.). A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 02 [Philosophisches Wörterbuch, Band 02]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/de/works/voltaire/a-philosophical-dictionary-volume-02
- MLAVoltaire. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 02 [Philosophisches Wörterbuch, Band 02]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/de/works/voltaire/a-philosophical-dictionary-volume-02.
- ChicagoVoltaire. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 02 [Philosophisches Wörterbuch, Band 02]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/de/works/voltaire/a-philosophical-dictionary-volume-02.
Nachweis der wiedergegebenen Ausgabe. SigPhi ist die digitale Reproduktion. Jahr, Verlag und Übersetzer werden angegeben, soweit bekannt; „n.d.“ bedeutet unbekanntes Jahr.
Wovon es handelt
Band 2 von zehn des Philosophischen Wörterbuchs. Arius – Taufe. Er enthält den Artikel über den Atheismus, einen der meistbesprochenen der Sammlung.
Kontext und Geschichte
Die Form ist das Argument: ein Wörterbuch wird nachgeschlagen und nicht durchgelesen, was es unmöglich machte, es als Ganzes zu widerlegen, und leicht, es heimlich weiterzugeben. Voltaire veröffentlichte es 1764 anonym, und man hat es in Genf und in Paris verbrannt. Anmerkung zur Ausgabe: der Katalog hat ZWEI Ausgaben des Philosophischen Wörterbuchs — diese in zehn Bänden und ein einbändiges Voltaire's Philosophical Dictionary. Sie sind kein Doppel: es sind verschiedene Auswahlen und Übersetzungen, und die Artikel entsprechen einander nicht eins zu eins. Das Original ist französisch.
Redaktioneller Kontext, keine zitierfähige Quelle: anders als die Passagen des Werks lassen sich diese Angaben nicht am Korpus überprüfen.
After his death, the troubles caused by the single word "consubstantial" agitated the empire with renewed violence. Constantius, son and successor to Constantine, imitated all his father's cruelties, and, like him, held councils--which councils anathematized one another. Athanasius went over all Europe and Asia to support his party, but the Eusebians overwhelmed him. Banishment, imprisonment, tumult, murder, and assassination signalized the close of the reign of Constantius. Julian, the Church's mortal enemy, did his utmost to restore peace to the Church, but was unsuccessful. Jovian, and after him Valentinian, gave entire liberty of conscience, but the two parties accepted it only as the liberty to exercise their hatred and their fury. Theodosius declared for the Council of Nice, but the Empress Justina, who reigned in Italy, Illyria, and Africa, as guardian of the young Valentinian, proscribed the great Council of Nice; and soon after the Goths, Vandals, and Burgundians, who spread themselves over so many provinces, finding Arianism established in them, embraced it in order to govern the conquered nations by the religion of those nations. But the Nicæan faith having been received by the Gauls, their conqueror, Clovis, followed that communion for the very same reason that the other barbarians had professed the faith of Arius. In Italy, the great Theodoric kept peace between the two parties, and at last the Nicæan formula prevailed in the east and in the west. Arianism reappeared about the middle of the sixteenth century, favored by the religious disputes which then divided Europe; and it reappeared, armed with new strength and a still greater incredulity. Forty gentlemen of Vicenza formed an academy, in which such tenets only were established as appeared necessary to make men Christians. Jesus was acknowledged as the Word, as Saviour, and as Judge; but His divinity, His consubstantiality, and even the Trinity, were denied.…