La expresión de las emociones en el hombre y en los animales
- Idioma:
- inglés
- Estado:
- Obra completa
- Autoría:
- Escrita por el autor
- Estado del texto:
- Sin ruido de escaneo detectado (medición automática sobre todo el texto, no revisada a mano)
- Extensión:
- ~120.000 palabras · 550 pasajes
Cita esta obra
- APACharles Darwin. (n.d.). The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals [La expresión de las emociones en el hombre y en los animales]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/es/works/charles-darwin/the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-animals
- MLACharles Darwin. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals [La expresión de las emociones en el hombre y en los animales]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/es/works/charles-darwin/the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-animals.
- ChicagoCharles Darwin. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals [La expresión de las emociones en el hombre y en los animales]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/es/works/charles-darwin/the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-animals.
Referencia de la edición reproducida. SigPhi es la reproducción digital. Se incluyen año, editorial y traductor cuando constan; «n.d.» indica que no consta el año.
De qué trata
El libro de 1872 en que Darwin sostiene que las expresiones de la cara y del cuerpo son heredadas, comunes a todos los pueblos y continuas con las de los animales.
Contexto e historia
El argumento es una pieza de la evolución aplicada a un terreno donde nadie la esperaba: si la sonrisa, la ira o la vergüenza fueran convenciones culturales, cada pueblo tendría las suyas; si son restos de acciones que un día sirvieron para algo, han de ser las mismas en todas partes. Darwin lo comprobó enviando un cuestionario a misioneros y colonos de todo el mundo, observando a sus propios hijos desde la cuna, y visitando asilos y zoológicos. Es el primer libro científico ilustrado con fotografías, y algunas son de las primeras fotografías de expresión que existen. Quedó olvidado durante un siglo y lo recuperó la psicología de los años setenta; la discusión sobre hasta qué punto tiene razón sigue viva.
Contexto editorial, no una fuente citable: a diferencia de los pasajes de la obra, estos datos no se pueden comprobar contra el corpus.
looked through Dr. Duchenne’s photographs, reading at the same time the text, and thus learning what was intended, I was struck with admiration at the truthfulness of all, with only a few exceptions. Nevertheless, if I had examined them without any explanation, no doubt I should have been as much perplexed, in some cases, as other persons have been. Fourthly, I had hoped to derive much aid from the great masters in painting and sculpture, who are such close observers. Accordingly, I have looked at photographs and engravings of many well-known works; but, with a few exceptions, have not thus profited. The reason no doubt is, that in works of art, beauty is the chief object; and strongly contracted facial muscles destroy beauty.[19] The story of the composition is generally told with wonderful force and truth by skilfully given accessories. Fifthly, it seemed to me highly important to ascertain whether the same expressions and gestures prevail, as has often been asserted without much evidence, with all the races of mankind, especially with those who have associated but little with Europeans. Whenever the same movements of the features or body express the same emotions in several distinct races of man, we may infer with much probability, that such expressions are true ones,—that is, are innate or instinctive. Conventional expressions or gestures, acquired by the individual during early life, would probably have differed in the different races, in the same manner as do their languages. Accordingly I circulated, early in the year 1867, the following printed queries with a request, which has been fully responded to, that actual observations, and not memory, might be trusted. These queries were written after a considerable interval of time, during which my attention had been otherwise directed, and I can now see that they might have been greatly improved. To some of the later copies, I appended, in manuscript, a few additional remarks:— (1.…