アメリカのデモクラシー (II)
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- 良好なテキスト
- 分量:
- 約 150,000 語 · 711 節
この作品を引用
- APAアレクシ・ド・トクヴィル. (n.d.). アメリカのデモクラシー (II). SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/alexis-de-tocqueville/democracy-in-america-volume-2
- MLAアレクシ・ド・トクヴィル. "アメリカのデモクラシー (II)." SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/alexis-de-tocqueville/democracy-in-america-volume-2.
- Chicagoアレクシ・ド・トクヴィル. アメリカのデモクラシー (II). SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/alexis-de-tocqueville/democracy-in-america-volume-2.
何についての本か
一八四〇年の第二巻。トクヴィルはアメリカの諸制度を離れ、平等が一国民の考え方・感じ方・暮らし方に何をするかを見る。
背景と歴史
一八三五年の第一巻はアメリカの民主政がどう働くかを描いた。こちらはより抽象的で、より不穏であり、そして時によく耐えたのはこちらのほうである。ここには個人主義がある——彼が世に広めるのを助けた語であり、利己心のことではなく、小さな輪のなかへ退くことを指す。多数者による意見の圧制があり、市民を手厚く世話される未成年者として扱う穏やかな専制の誘惑があり、そして平等な社会では、残っている差異が少ないほどそれがよけいに目につく、という観察がある。近代の民主政についてトクヴィルが引かれるとき、引かれているのはこの巻である。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
The Americans live in a democratic state of society, which has naturally suggested to them certain laws and a certain political character. This same state of society has, moreover, engendered amongst them a multitude of feelings and opinions which were unknown amongst the elder aristocratic communities of Europe: it has destroyed or modified all the relations which before existed, and established others of a novel kind. The--aspect of civil society has been no less affected by these changes than that of the political world. The former subject has been treated of in the work on the Democracy of America, which I published five years ago; to examine the latter is the object of the present book; but these two parts complete each other, and form one and the same work. I must at once warn the reader against an error which would be extremely prejudicial to me. When he finds that I attribute so many different consequences to the principle of equality, he may thence infer that I consider that principle to be the sole cause of all that takes place in the present age: but this would be to impute to me a very narrow view. A multitude of opinions, feelings, and propensities are now in existence, which owe their origin to circumstances unconnected with or even contrary to the principle of equality. Thus if I were to select the United States as an example, I could easily prove that the nature of the country, the origin of its inhabitants, the religion of its founders, their acquired knowledge, and their former habits, have exercised, and still exercise, independently of democracy, a vast influence upon the thoughts and feelings of that people.…