生と死について
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 1,900 語 · 9 節
この作品を引用
- APAアリストテレス. (n.d.). On Life and Death [生と死について]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/aristotle/on-life-and-death
- MLAアリストテレス. On Life and Death [生と死について]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/aristotle/on-life-and-death.
- Chicagoアリストテレス. On Life and Death [生と死について]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/aristotle/on-life-and-death.
収録版の書誌情報です。SigPhi はデジタル複製です。判明している刊行年・出版社・翻訳者を記載し、年が不明の場合は「n.d.」と示します。
何についての本か
生きているものと生きていないものを分けるのは何か、それが止むと何が起きるのかについての、ごく短い文章。
背景と歴史
数ページで、しばしば『呼吸について』の一部として印刷される。目録での短さはこの写しの欠陥ではない。作品そのものがこれだけ短いのである。 『自然学小論集（パルウァ・ナトゥラリア）』の一篇。『霊魂論』の理論を、生きた身体の個々の現象に当てはめて続けた八つの小篇であり、ひとまとまりで伝わってきた。あわせて読むのがよい。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
All the veins pulse, and do so simultaneously with each other, owing to their connexion with the heart. The heart always beats, and hence they also beat continuously and simultaneously with each other and with it. Palpitation, then, is the recoil of the heart against the compression due to cold; and pulsation is the volatilization of the heated fluid. Part 27 Respiration takes place when the hot substance which is the seat of the nutritive principle increases. For it, like the rest of the body, requires nutrition, and more so than the members, for it is through it that they are nourished. But when it increases it necessarily causes the organ to rise. This organ we must to be constructed like the bellows in a smithy, for both heart and lungs conform pretty well to this shape. Such a structure must be double, for the nutritive principle must be situated in the centre of the natural force. Thus on increase of bulk expansion results, which necessarily causes the surrounding parts to rise. Now this can be seen to occur when people respire; they raise their chest because the motive principle of the organ described resident within the chest causes an identical expansion of this organ. When it dilates the outer air must rush in as into a bellows, and, being cold, by its chilling influence reduces by extinction the excess of the fire. But, as the increase of bulk causes the organ to dilate, so diminution causes contraction, and when it collapses the air which entered must pass out again. When it enters the air is cold, but on issuing it is warm owing to its contact with the heat resident in this organ, and this is specially the case in those animals that possess a full-blooded lung. The numerous canal-like ducts in the lung, into which it passes, have each a blood-vessel lying alongside, so that the whole lung is thought to be full of blood.…