自然学 (II)
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- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
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- 著者自身による
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- 良好なテキスト
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この作品を引用
- APAアリストテレス. (n.d.). 自然学 (II). SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/aristotle/the-physics-vol-ii-books-v-viii
- MLAアリストテレス. "自然学 (II)." SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/aristotle/the-physics-vol-ii-books-v-viii.
- Chicagoアリストテレス. 自然学 (II). SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/aristotle/the-physics-vol-ii-books-v-viii.
何についての本か
アリストテレス『自然学』の第二巻、第五書から第八書まで。連続的な運動の理論と、第一の動者の論証を収める。
背景と歴史
第一巻——本目録にもある——は変化、自然、四原因、場所、空虚、時間を扱う。この巻は運動の分類、連続と可分性へと進む。アキレウスと亀をめぐるゼノンの難問への答えはここにある。そして第八書で終わる。第八書は、運動には始まりがなかったこと、そして動かされることなく動かす第一の動者がなければならぬことを論じる。中世の神学が神の存在証明に仕立てたのは、この最後の書である。アリストテレスの意図したところではない。彼の第一の動者は何も創らず、誰の面倒も見ない。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
wards. We have already examined the nature af ἡ movement’ (in its extended sense, including ‘ modification’ and ‘expansion or contraction’) and have now to note that ὁ shape’ and “‘ state’ and ‘ place’ are the ‘ whence’ and ‘whither’ of change, but are immovable in themselves It is important, however, to note that these immovable points of starting and arriving are just as subject to the distinctions of ‘incidental,’ ‘in virtue of a part,’ and ‘primary and integral,’ as the movements are (Ὁ 16-22). Summary (Ὁ 22-26). Dismissing the indeterminate incidental cases and confining ourselves to proper and primary ὁ changes,’ we note that they ‘reside solely in the primary and integral subject that experiences the change, and must be in the direction From one opposite to the other, both opposites being declared in positive (not negative) terms (Ὁ 26-35). This last point must be elaborated. To speak of the ‘ nathot’ as the primary and integral ἡ subject’ that undergoes the change would be idle. For ‘ knowledge,’ or ‘ sound’ or ‘angularity’ are ‘not-hot’; and though “ not-hotness’ may incidentally undergo change when any of these things Ἷ ARGUMENT (contenued) Ἷ ARGUMENT (contenued) do, it cannot be the proper and integral subject of the change. Taking the“ subject,’ then, to be a positive and not a negative, though the predicate may be a negative, we seem to have three possibilities. The change (for instance) might be from ‘ hot to cold,’ from ‘ hot to not-hot,’ or from ‘ not-hot to hot,’ or JSrom ‘ not-hot to not-cold.’ Obviously the last of these falls out, for it would include such changes as that from ‘ treble to triangular ’ (Ὁ 35-225 a 12).…