個人、社会、そして国家
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 5,470 語 · 26 節
この作品を引用
- APAエマ・ゴールドマン. (n.d.). The Individual, Society and the State [個人、社会、そして国家]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/emma-goldman/the-individual-society-and-the-state
- MLAエマ・ゴールドマン. The Individual, Society and the State [個人、社会、そして国家]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/emma-goldman/the-individual-society-and-the-state.
- Chicagoエマ・ゴールドマン. The Individual, Society and the State [個人、社会、そして国家]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/emma-goldman/the-individual-society-and-the-state.
SigPhi が再現している版の参照です。SigPhi はそのデジタル再現であり、出版者ではありません。版の刊行年はメタデータにないため「n.d.」とし、訳者は記録がある場合のみ記します。
何についての本か
ゴールドマンが自分の政治哲学をまとめた後期の論考。尺度としての個人、脅威としての国家、織物としての社会。
背景と歴史
一九三〇年代、ファシズムもスターリニズムも見たあとのもので、それだけに初期の著作より含みがある。社会と国家の区別が、すべての重みを支えている。 これは本ではなく短い記事である。目録での分量は写しの欠陥ではない。ゴールドマンの仕事の多くは、自身の雑誌『マザー・アース』やパンフレットで、この形をとった。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
Peter Kropotkin has shown what wonderful results this unique force of man’s individuality has achieved when strengthened by co-operation with other individualities. The one-sided and entirely inadequate Darwinian theory of the struggle for existence received its biological and sociological completion from the great Anarchist scientist and thinker. In his profound work, Mutual Aid Kropotkin shows that in the animal kingdom, as well as in human society, co-operation - as opposed to internecine strife and struggle - has worked for the survival and evolution of the species. He demonstrated that only mutual aid and voluntary co-operation - not the omnipotent, all-devastating State - can create the basis for a free individual and associational life. At present the individual is the pawn of the zealots of dictatorship and the equally obsessed zealots of “rugged individualism.” The excuse of the former is its claim of a new objective. The latter does not even make a pretense of anything new. As a matter of fact “rugged individualism” has learned nothing and forgotten nothing. Under its guidance the brute struggle for physical existence is still kept up. Strange as it may seem, and utterly absurd as it is, the struggle for physical survival goes merrily on though the necessity for it has entirely disappeared. Indeed, the struggle is being continued apparently because there is no necessity for it. Does not so-called overproduction prove it? Is not the world-wide economic crisis an eloquent demonstration that the struggle for existence is being maintained by the blindness of “rugged individualism” at the risk of its own destruction? One of the insane characteristics of this struggle is the complete negation of the relation of the producer to the things he produces. The average worker has no inner point of contact with the industry he is employed in, and he is a stranger to the process of production of which he is a mechanical part.…