政略論
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 140,000 語 · 681 節
この作品を引用
- APAマキャヴェッリ. (n.d.). Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius [政略論]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/machiavelli/discourses-on-the-first-decade-of-titus-livius
- MLAマキャヴェッリ. Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius [政略論]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/machiavelli/discourses-on-the-first-decade-of-titus-livius.
- Chicagoマキャヴェッリ. Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius [政略論]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/machiavelli/discourses-on-the-first-decade-of-titus-livius.
収録版の書誌情報です。SigPhi はデジタル複製です。判明している刊行年・出版社・翻訳者を記載し、年が不明の場合は「n.d.」と示します。
何についての本か
マキァヴェッリの長いほうの書であり、共和主義のほうの書。リウィウスのローマ史への注釈が、共和国はいかにして生まれ、続き、滅びるかの理論になっている。
背景と歴史
『君主論』しか知らない人は驚くだろう。ここでマキァヴェッリは、最良の統治は混合政体であり人民の政体であると説く。あやまつ人民は、あやまつ君主よりも危険が少ない、とも。そしてもっとも人々を憤らせた一点——平民と元老院との抗争はローマを弱めたのではなく、自由にしたのだ、という主張。うまく水路づけられた不和は制度の原動機であって、病ではない。腐敗と「原点への回帰」の理論もあり、傭兵への不信もある。『論考』と『君主論』はほぼ同時に書かれ、見かけほど食い違ってはいない。併せて読めば、マキァヴェッリが道徳を説いていたのではなく、力学を記述していたことが見えてくる。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
and to plant themselves in more fertile regions; where, the fruitfulness of the soil enabling them to increase and multiply, they may defend themselves against any who attack them, and overthrow any who would withstand their power. And as for that languor which the situation might breed, care must be had that hardships which the site does not enforce, shall be enforced by the laws; and that the example of those wise nations be imitated, who, inhabiting most fruitful and delightful countries, and such as were likely to rear a listless and effeminate race, unfit for all manly exercises, in order to obviate the mischief wrought by the amenity and relaxing influence of the soil and climate, subjected all who were to serve as soldiers to the severest training; whence it came that better soldiers were raised in these countries than in others by nature rugged and barren. Such, of old, was the kingdom of the Egyptians, which, though of all lands the most bountiful, yet, by the severe training which its laws enforced, produced most valiant soldiers, who, had their names not been lost in antiquity, might be thought to deserve more praise than Alexander the Great and many besides, whose memory is still fresh in men’s minds. And even in recent times, any one contemplating the kingdom of the Soldan, and the military order of the Mamelukes before they were destroyed by Selim the Grand Turk, must have seen how carefully they trained their soldiers in every kind of warlike exercise; showing thereby how much they dreaded that indolence to which their genial soil and climate might have disposed them, unless neutralized by strenuous laws. I say, then, that it is a prudent choice to found your city in a fertile region when the effects of that fertility are duly balanced by the restraint of the laws.…