旧制度与大革命
- 语言:
- 英语
- 译者:
- John Bonner
- 状态:
- 完整作品
- 作者归属:
- 作者本人所著
- 文本状况:
- 含扫描错误 (对全文的自动评估，未经人工核对) · 1 段无法辨读，已从回答中排除
- 篇幅:
- 约 140,000 词 · 642 个段落
引用本作品
- APA亚历西斯·德·托克维尔. (n.d.). The Old Regime and the Revolution [旧制度与大革命] (John Bonner, Trans.). Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/alexis-de-tocqueville/the-old-regime-and-the-revolution
- MLA亚历西斯·德·托克维尔. The Old Regime and the Revolution [旧制度与大革命]. Translated by John Bonner. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/alexis-de-tocqueville/the-old-regime-and-the-revolution.
- Chicago亚历西斯·德·托克维尔. The Old Regime and the Revolution [旧制度与大革命]. Translated by John Bonner. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/alexis-de-tocqueville/the-old-regime-and-the-revolution.
本条目引用所收录的版本。SigPhi 是数字复制平台。已知的年份、出版者和译者均列出；“n.d.”表示年份未知。
内容简介
一八五六年之作。托克维尔为此走进档案馆，要证明法国大革命与旧制度的决裂远不如人们所信的那样彻底：它其实继承并完成了旧制度的工作。
背景与流传
核心论点是：行政集权——以一个仰承巴黎的官僚体系取代地方权力——在一七八九年之前便已几近完成，革命不过承其遗绪而终其功。由此而有他被引最多、也最令人不安的那句观察：一个坏政权最危险的时刻，恰是它开始自我改革之时；并且，法国农民的处境其实好过若干并未起义的欧洲民族。这是最早依据档案文献、并带着一个社会学问题去写的历史著作之一。托克维尔未及写第二卷——论革命本身——便去世了。
这是编辑性背景，不是可引用的来源：与作品本身的段落不同，这些说明无法在语料库中核对。
On the other hand, liberty alone can combat the vices which are natural to this class of societies, and arrest their downward progress. Nothing but liberty A2 X PEEPACE. can draw men forth from the isolation into which their independence naturally drives them — can compel them to associate together, in order to come to a common understanding, to debate, and to compromise together on their joint concerns. Liberty alone can free them from money-worship, and divert them from their petty, every-day business cares, to teach them and make them feel that there is a country above and beside them. It alone awakens more energetic and higher passions than the love of ease, provides ambition with nobler aims than the acquisition of wealth, and yields the light which reveals, in clear outline, the virtues and the vices of mankind. Democratic societies which are not free may be rich, refined, ornate, even magnificent, and powerful in proportion to the weight of their homogeneous mass ; they may develop private virtues, produce good family-men, honest merchants, respectable landowners, and even good Christians — ^for their country is not of this world, and it is the glory of their religion that it produces them in the most corrupt societies and under the worst governments — theEoman empire during its decline was full of such as these ; but there are things which such societies as those I speak of can never produce, and these are great citizens, and, above all, a great people. I will go farther; I do not hesitate to affirm that the common level of hearts and minds will never cease to sink so long as equality and despotism are combined. This is what I thought and wrote twenty years ago.…