The Principles of Biology
- 语言:
- 英语
- 状态:
- 完整作品
- 作者归属:
- 作者本人所著
- 文本状况:
- 含扫描错误 (对全文的自动评估，未经人工核对) · 1 段无法辨读，已从回答中排除
- 篇幅:
- 约 200,000 词 · 958 个段落
引用本作品
- APA赫伯特·斯宾塞. (n.d.). The Principles of Biology. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/herbert-spencer/the-principles-of-biology
- MLA赫伯特·斯宾塞. The Principles of Biology. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/herbert-spencer/the-principles-of-biology.
- Chicago赫伯特·斯宾塞. The Principles of Biology. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/zh/works/herbert-spencer/the-principles-of-biology.
这是 SigPhi 所复制版本的引用：SigPhi 是其数字复制品，不是出版者。元数据中没有版本年份（因此写作“n.d.”），译者只有在有记录时才列出。
内容简介
斯宾塞体系中的生物学：生命被定义为内部关系对外部关系的持续调适，生长、繁殖与遗传皆按此准则来解读。
背景与流传
一八六四至一八六七年间出版。“适者生存”一语首次出现于此，是斯宾塞读了达尔文之后所造。达尔文最终在《物种起源》第五版中采用了它，此后世人便把它归到达尔文名下；其实出自斯宾塞。此书其余部分所依赖的遗传机制后来被证明是错的，因此它更宜作为文献来读，而非作为生物学。
这是编辑性背景，不是可引用的来源：与作品本身的段落不同，这些说明无法在语料库中核对。
force falling on units that are but little dissimilar does not readily segregate them ; but that it readily segregates them if they are widely dissimilar. Thus, these two extreme contrasts, the one between physical mobilities, and the other between chemical activities, fulfil, in the highest degree, a certain further condition to facility of differentiation and in-, tegration, § 2. Among the binary combinations of these four chief organic elements, we find a molecular mobility much less than that of these elements themselves ; at the same time that it is much greater than that of binary compounds in general. Of the two products formed by the union of oxygen with carbon, the first, called carbonic oxide, which contains one atom of carbon to one of oxygen (expressed by the symbol C 0), is an incondensible gas ; and the second 6 THE DATA OF lUOLOGY. carbonic acid, containing an additional atom of oxygen (C O2) assumes a liquid form only under a pressure of nearly forty atmospheres. The several compounds of oxygen with
就这部作品提问The Principles of Biology讲的是什么？简要概括一下The Principles of BiologyThe Principles of Biology的关键思想是什么？
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