Ménexène
- Langue:
- anglais
- Traduction:
- Benjamin Jowett
- État:
- Œuvre complète
- Paternité:
- Écrite par l'auteur
- État du texte:
- Aucun bruit de numérisation détecté (mesure automatique sur tout le texte, non vérifiée à la main)
- Étendue:
- ~7 580 mots · 36 passages
Citer cette œuvre
- APAPlaton. (n.d.). Menexenus [Ménexène] (Benjamin Jowett, Trans.). Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/fr/works/plato/menexenus
- MLAPlaton. Menexenus [Ménexène]. Translated by Benjamin Jowett. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/fr/works/plato/menexenus.
- ChicagoPlaton. Menexenus [Ménexène]. Translated by Benjamin Jowett. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/fr/works/plato/menexenus.
Référence de l'édition que reproduit SigPhi : SigPhi en est la reproduction numérique, pas l'éditeur. L'année de l'édition ne figure pas dans les métadonnées (d'où « n.d. ») et le traducteur n'apparaît que lorsqu'il est connu.
De quoi il s'agit
Une oraison funèbre pour les morts d'Athènes à la guerre, que Socrate dit tenir d'Aspasie, la compagne de Périclès.
Contexte et histoire
Un texte discuté : cela a l'air d'un éloge patriotique et c'est, très probablement, une parodie des oraisons funèbres, la fameuse de Périclès comprise. L'indice est que Socrate y mentionne des événements postérieurs à sa propre mort. Lu comme une satire de la rhétorique qui exalte la cité en mentant sur son histoire, c'est bien plus intéressant.
Contexte éditorial, non une source citable : contrairement aux passages de l'œuvre, ces données ne peuvent pas être vérifiées dans le corpus.
whom they were bound by oaths; but, owing to the distance, the city was unable to help them, and they lost heart and came to misfortune, their very enemies and opponents winning more renown for valour and temperance than the friends of others. Many also fell in naval engagements at the Hellespont, after having in one day taken all the ships of the enemy, and defeated them in other naval engagements. And what I call the terrible and desperate nature of the war, is that the other Hellenes, in their extreme animosity towards the city, should have entered into negotiations with their bitterest enemy, the king of Persia, whom they, together with us, had expelled;--him, without us, they again brought back, barbarian against Hellenes, and all the hosts, both of Hellenes and barbarians, were united against Athens. And then shone forth the power and valour of our city. Her enemies had supposed that she was exhausted by the war, and our ships were blockaded at Mitylene. But the citizens themselves embarked, and came to the rescue with sixty other ships, and their valour was confessed of all men, for they conquered their enemies and delivered their friends. And yet by some evil fortune they were left to perish at sea, and therefore are not interred here. Ever to be remembered and honoured are they, for by their valour not only that sea-fight was won for us, but the entire war was decided by them, and through them the city gained the reputation of being invincible, even though attacked by all mankind. And that reputation was a true one, for the defeat which came upon us was our own doing. We were never conquered by others, and to this day we are still unconquered by them; but we were our own conquerors, and received defeat at our own hands. Afterwards there was quiet and peace abroad, but there sprang up war at home; and, if men are destined to have civil war, no one could have desired that his city should take the disorder in a milder form.…