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L'Apologie de Socrate (Xénophon)

Xénophon

Langue:
anglais
État:
Œuvre complète
Paternité:
Écrite par l'auteur
État du texte:
Aucun bruit de numérisation détecté (mesure automatique sur tout le texte, non vérifiée à la main)
Étendue:
~5 050 mots · 24 passages
Citer cette œuvre
  • APAXénophon. (n.d.). The Apology [L'Apologie de Socrate (Xénophon)]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/fr/works/xenophon/the-apology
  • MLAXénophon. The Apology [L'Apologie de Socrate (Xénophon)]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/fr/works/xenophon/the-apology.
  • ChicagoXénophon. The Apology [L'Apologie de Socrate (Xénophon)]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/fr/works/xenophon/the-apology.

Référence de l'édition que reproduit SigPhi : SigPhi en est la reproduction numérique, pas l'éditeur. L'année de l'édition ne figure pas dans les métadonnées (d'où « n.d. ») et le traducteur n'apparaît que lorsqu'il est connu.

De quoi il s'agit

La défense de Socrate devant le tribunal, dans la version de Xénophon.

Contexte et histoire

Beaucoup plus courte que celle de Platon et avec une autre thèse : Xénophon soutient que Socrate s'est laissé condamner exprès, préférant mourir à soixante-dix ans plutôt que de décliner. C'est l'autre explication antique de cette mort, et elle se lit mieux à côté de celle de Platon que seule.

Contexte éditorial, non une source citable : contrairement aux passages de l'œuvre, ces données ne peuvent pas être vérifiées dans le corpus.

Comment cela commence
As they listened to these words the judges murmured their dissent, some as disbelieving what was said, and others out of simple envy that Socrates should actually receive from heaven more than they themselves; whereupon Socrates returned to the charge. "Come," he said, "lend me your ears while I tell you something more, so that those of you who choose may go to a still greater length in refusing to believe that I am thus highly honoured by the divine powers. Chaerephon [25] once, in the presence of many witnesses, put a question at Delhi concerning me, and Apollo answered that there was no human being more liberal, or more upright, or more temperate than myself." And when once more on hearing these words the judges gave vent, as was only natural, to a fiercer murmur of dissent, Socrates once again spoke: "Yet, sirs, they were still greater words which the god spake in oracle concerning Lycurgus, [26] the great lawgiver of Lacedaemon, than those concerning me. It is said that as he entered the temple the god addressed him with the words: 'I am considering whether to call thee god or man.' Me he likened not indeed to a god, but in excellence [27] preferred me far beyond other men." "Still I would not have you accept this even on the faith of the god too rashly; rather I would have you investigate, point by point, what the god has said. I ask you, is there any one [28] else, you know of, less enslaved than myself to the appetites [29] of the body? Can you name another man of more independent spirit than myself, seeing that I accept from no one either gifts or pay? Whom have you any right to believe to be more just [30] than one so suited with what he has, that the things of others excite no craving in him? [31] Whom would one reasonably deem wise, rather than such a one as myself, who, from the moment I began to understand things spoken, [32] have never omitted to inquire into and learn every good thing in my power?…

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