種の起源
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 抄録または部分的な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 230,000 語 · 1,071 節
この作品を引用
- APAチャールズ・ダーウィン. (n.d.). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection [種の起源]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/charles-darwin/the-origin-of-species-by-means-of-natural-selection
- MLAチャールズ・ダーウィン. The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection [種の起源]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/charles-darwin/the-origin-of-species-by-means-of-natural-selection.
- Chicagoチャールズ・ダーウィン. The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection [種の起源]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/charles-darwin/the-origin-of-species-by-means-of-natural-selection.
収録版の書誌情報です。SigPhi はデジタル複製です。判明している刊行年・出版社・翻訳者を記載し、年が不明の場合は「n.d.」と示します。
何についての本か
誰の設計もなしに種はいかにして生じるのか。自然選択——生き延びる数を超える子孫、遺伝する小さな変異、途方もない時間——を、あらゆる生命の多様性の機構として説く。
背景と歴史
1859年11月に出版され、初日に売り切れた。ダーウィンはその帰結を恐れて二十年この着想を温め、アルフレッド・ラッセル・ウォレスがマレーからまったく同じ理論を送ってきて、ようやく出版を決意した。人間についてはあえて触れず——「人間の起源にも光が投じられるであろう」と記したのみ——だが、誰もが理解した。人間という種が自然のなかで自らをどう見るか、それをこれほど深く変えた科学書はない。そして本書が開いた論争は、いまだ閉じていない。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
the nature of the habitat, and the meteoric agencies, these being the ‘adaptations’ of the natural theologian.” The author apparently believes that organisation progresses by sudden leaps, but that the effects produced by the conditions of life are gradual. He argues with much force on general grounds that species are not immutable productions. But I cannot see how the two supposed “impulses” account in a scientific sense for the numerous and beautiful coadaptations which we see throughout nature; I cannot see that we thus gain any insight how, for instance, a woodpecker has become adapted to its peculiar habits of life. The work, from its powerful and brilliant style, though displaying in the early editions little accurate knowledge and a great want of scientific caution, immediately had a very wide circulation. In my opinion it has done excellent service in this country in calling attention to the subject, in removing prejudice, and in thus preparing the ground for the reception of analogous views. In 1846 the veteran geologist M.J. d’Omalius d’Halloy published in an excellent though short paper (“Bulletins de l’Acad. Roy. Bruxelles”, tom. xiii, page 581) his opinion that it is more probable that new species have been produced by descent with modification than that they have been separately created: the author first promulgated this opinion in 1831. Professor Owen, in 1849 (“Nature of Limbs”, page 86), wrote as follows: “The archetypal idea was manifested in the flesh under diverse such modifications, upon this planet, long prior to the existence of those animal species that actually exemplify it. To what natural laws or secondary causes the orderly succession and progression of such organic phenomena may have been committed, we, as yet, are ignorant.” In his address to the British Association, in 1858, he speaks (page li) of “the axiom of the continuous operation of creative power, or of the ordained becoming of living things.…