ビーグル号航海記 (ed. 2)
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 210,000 語 · 1,007 節
この作品を引用
- APAチャールズ・ダーウィン. (n.d.). The Voyage of the Beagle [ビーグル号航海記 (ed. 2)]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/charles-darwin/the-voyage-of-the-beagle
- MLAチャールズ・ダーウィン. The Voyage of the Beagle [ビーグル号航海記 (ed. 2)]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/charles-darwin/the-voyage-of-the-beagle.
- Chicagoチャールズ・ダーウィン. The Voyage of the Beagle [ビーグル号航海記 (ed. 2)]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/charles-darwin/the-voyage-of-the-beagle.
SigPhi が再現している版の参照です。SigPhi はそのデジタル再現であり、出版者ではありません。版の刊行年はメタデータにないため「n.d.」とし、訳者は記録がある場合のみ記します。
何についての本か
ビーグル号での世界周航を記したダーウィンの日誌。一八三一年から一八三六年まで。地質、動物、植物、そして目にした人々と土地について。
背景と歴史
この書は二つの表題で刊行されており、それは知っておくとよい。本書名と、原題である『研究日誌』であり、後者も本目録に収められている。同一の作品である。初版は一八三九年、一八四五年の第二版は大幅に書き改められている。ガラパゴス諸島についての有名な箇所は、初版では同じことを述べていない。その間にダーウィンが進化について考えはじめていたからだ。またこれは旅行記でもあり、その世紀の偏見をすべて背負っている。今日読めば、それは目につく。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
air is swallowed, and is then forced into the cavity of the body, its return being prevented by a muscular contraction which is externally visible: but the water enters in a gentle stream through the mouth, which is kept wide open and motionless; this latter action must, therefore, depend on suction. The skin about the abdomen is much looser than that on the back; hence, during the inflation, the lower surface becomes far more distended than the upper; and the fish, in consequence, floats with its back downwards. Cuvier doubts whether the Diodon in this position is able to swim; but not only can it thus move forward in a straight line, but it can turn round to either side. This latter movement is effected solely by the aid of the pectoral fins; the tail being collapsed, and not used. From the body being buoyed up with so much air, the branchial openings are out of water, but a stream drawn in by the mouth constantly flows through them. The fish, having remained in this distended state for a short time, generally expelled the air and water with considerable force from the branchial apertures and mouth. It could emit, at will, a certain portion of the water, and it appears, therefore, probable that this fluid is taken in partly for the sake of regulating its specific gravity. This Diodon possessed several means of defence. It could give a severe bite, and could eject water from its mouth to some distance, at the same time making a curious noise by the movement of its jaws. By the inflation of its body, the papillae, with which the skin is covered, become erect and pointed. But the most curious circumstance is, that it secretes from the skin of its belly, when handled, a most beautiful carmine-red fibrous matter, which stains ivory and paper in so permanent a manner that the tint is retained with all its brightness to the present day: I am quite ignorant of the nature and use of this secretion. I have heard from Dr.…