ノヴム・オルガヌム
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 96,200 語 · 457 節
この作品を引用
- APAフランシス・ベーコン. (n.d.). Novum organum or, True suggestions for the interpretation of nature [ノヴム・オルガヌム]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/francis-bacon/novum-organum-or-true-suggestions-for-the-interpretation-of-nature
- MLAフランシス・ベーコン. Novum organum or, True suggestions for the interpretation of nature [ノヴム・オルガヌム]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/francis-bacon/novum-organum-or-true-suggestions-for-the-interpretation-of-nature.
- Chicagoフランシス・ベーコン. Novum organum or, True suggestions for the interpretation of nature [ノヴム・オルガヌム]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/francis-bacon/novum-organum-or-true-suggestions-for-the-interpretation-of-nature.
収録版の書誌情報です。SigPhi はデジタル複製です。判明している刊行年・出版社・翻訳者を記載し、年が不明の場合は「n.d.」と示します。
何についての本か
自然を知るための新しい方法の提案。受け継いだ原理からすべてを演繹するのではなく、観察から出発して法則へと少しずつ上っていく。
背景と歴史
1620年、六部構想《大革新》の第二部として刊行された。この構想をベーコンは生涯完成できなかった。書名はアリストテレスの《オルガノン》に対置され、そこでは乗り越えるべき障害として扱われる。最も読まれるのは四つの「イドラ」──種族・洞窟・市場・劇場──、人間の精神が自らを欺く典型的な仕方である。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
LIV. Some men become attached to particular sciences and contemplations, either from supposing themselves the authors and inventors of them, or from having bestowed the greatest pains upon such subjects, and thus become most habituated to them.[22] If men of this description apply themselves to philosophy and contemplations of a universal nature, they wrest and corrupt them by their preconceived fancies, of which Aristotle affords us a single instance, who made his natural philosophy completely subservient to his logic, and thus rendered it little more than useless and disputatious. The chemists, again, have formed a fanciful philosophy with the most confined views, from a few experiments of the furnace. Gilbert,[23] too, having employed himself most assiduously in the consideration of the magnet, immediately established a system of philosophy to coincide with his favorite pursuit. LV. The greatest and, perhaps, radical distinction between different men’s dispositions for philosophy and the sciences is this, that some are more vigorous and active in observing the differences of things, others in observing their resemblances; for a steady and acute disposition can fix its thoughts, and dwell upon and adhere to a point, through all the refinements of differences, but those that are sublime and discursive recognize and compare even the most delicate and general resemblances; each of them readily falls into excess, by catching either at nice distinctions or shadows of resemblance. LVI. Some dispositions evince an unbounded admiration of antiquity, others eagerly embrace novelty, and but few can preserve the just medium, so as neither to tear up what the ancients have correctly laid down, nor to despise the just innovations of the moderns.…