家族・私有財産・国家の起源
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 68,800 語 · 327 節
この作品を引用
- APAフリードリヒ・エンゲルス. (n.d.). The origin of the family, private property, and the state [家族・私有財産・国家の起源]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/friedrich-engels/the-origin-of-the-family-private-property-and-the-state
- MLAフリードリヒ・エンゲルス. The origin of the family, private property, and the state [家族・私有財産・国家の起源]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/friedrich-engels/the-origin-of-the-family-private-property-and-the-state.
- Chicagoフリードリヒ・エンゲルス. The origin of the family, private property, and the state [家族・私有財産・国家の起源]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/friedrich-engels/the-origin-of-the-family-private-property-and-the-state.
収録版の書誌情報です。SigPhi はデジタル複製です。判明している刊行年・出版社・翻訳者を記載し、年が不明の場合は「n.d.」と示します。
何についての本か
『家族・私有財産・国家の起源』（一八八四年）。
背景と歴史
マルクスが死に際して残した、人類学者ルイス・モーガンについてのノートから書かれた。一夫一婦の家族と国家は所有とともに生じたのであって自然のものではない、というその主張は、二十世紀のフェミニズムに中心的な論拠の一つを与えた。下敷きの民族誌は古びたが、議論は古びていない。 英訳である。エンゲルスのドイツ語原本は目録にない。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
Although the latter may extend over thousands of years, we have no means of proving its existence by direct evidence. But once the descent of man from the Animal Kingdom is acknowledged, the acceptance of this stage of transition becomes inevitable. 2. Middle Stage: Commencing with the utilization of fish (including crabs, mollusks and other aquatic animals) and the use of fire. Both these things belong together, because fish becomes thoroughly palatable by the help of fire only. With this new kind of food, human beings became completely independent of climate and locality. Following the course of rivers and coastlines, they could spread over the greater part of the earth even in the savage state. The so-called palaeolithic implements of the early stone age, made of rough, unsharpened stones, belong almost entirely to this period. Their wide distribution over all the continents testifies to the extent of these wanderings. The unceasing bent for discovery, together with the possession of fire gained by friction, created new products in the lately occupied regions. Such were farinaceous roots and tubers, baked in hot ashes or in baking pits (ground ovens). When the first weapons, club and spear, were invented, venison was occasionally added to the bill of fare. Nations subsisting exclusively by hunting, such as we sometimes find mentioned in books, have never existed; for the proceeds of hunting are too uncertain. In consequence of continued precariousness of the sources of sustenance, cannibalism seems to arise at this stage. It continues in force for a long while. Even in our day, Australians and Polynesians still remain in this middle stage of savagery. 3. Higher Stage: Coming with the invention of bow and arrow, this stage makes venison a regular part of daily fare and hunting a normal occupation.…