法律
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 240,000 語 · 1,129 節
この作品を引用
- APAプラトン. (n.d.). Laws [法律]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/laws
- MLAプラトン. Laws [法律]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/laws.
- Chicagoプラトン. Laws [法律]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/laws.
SigPhi が再現している版の参照です。SigPhi はそのデジタル再現であり、出版者ではありません。版の刊行年はメタデータにないため「n.d.」とし、訳者は記録がある場合のみ記します。
何についての本か
『法律』。三人の老人が神域へ上ってゆきながら語り合い、道すがら新しい国家の立法をまるごと構想してゆく。
背景と歴史
プラトン最長にして最後の著作である。死に際して未推敲のまま残されており、構成にそれが表れている。他の対話篇から来た読者を驚かせる点が一つある。ソクラテスが登場しないのだ。話を導くのは名を明かされない「アテナイからの客人」である。ここで描かれる国家も『国家』のそれではない。プラトンは成文法も所有も家族も認めており、出来上がるのははるかに厳しく、はるかに理想的でない国である。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
refutation of these three classes of unbelievers, and concludes with the means to be taken for their reformation, and the announcement of their punishments if they continue obstinate and impenitent. The eleventh book is taken up with laws and with admonitions relating to individuals, which follow one another without any exact order. There are laws concerning deposits and the finding of treasure; concerning slaves and freedmen; concerning retail trade, bequests, divorces, enchantments, poisonings, magical arts, and the like. In the twelfth book the same subjects are continued. Laws are passed concerning violations of military discipline, concerning the high office of the examiners and their burial; concerning oaths and the violation of them, and the punishments of those who neglect their duties as citizens. Foreign travel is then discussed, and the permission to be accorded to citizens of journeying in foreign parts; the strangers who may come to visit the city are also spoken of, and the manner in which they are to be received. Laws are added respecting sureties, searches for property, right of possession by prescription, abduction of witnesses, theatrical competition, waging of private warfare, and bribery in offices. Rules are laid down respecting taxation, respecting economy in sacred rites, respecting judges, their duties and sentences, and respecting sepulchral places and ceremonies. Here the Laws end. Lastly, a Nocturnal Council is instituted for the preservation of the state, consisting of older and younger members, who are to exhibit in their lives that virtue which is the basis of the state, to know the one in many, and to be educated in divine and every other kind of knowledge which will enable them to fulfil their office. III.…