リュシス
- 言語:
- 英語
- 翻訳:
- Benjamin Jowett
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 8,840 語 · 42 節
この作品を引用
- APAプラトン. (n.d.). Lysis [リュシス] (Benjamin Jowett, Trans.). Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/lysis
- MLAプラトン. Lysis [リュシス]. Translated by Benjamin Jowett. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/lysis.
- Chicagoプラトン. Lysis [リュシス]. Translated by Benjamin Jowett. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/lysis.
SigPhi が再現している版の参照です。SigPhi はそのデジタル再現であり、出版者ではありません。版の刊行年はメタデータにないため「n.d.」とし、訳者は記録がある場合のみ記します。
何についての本か
友とは何か、そして何が二人を友にするのか。あらゆる組み合わせが試される——似た者どうし、反対の者どうし、善くも悪くもない者——が、どれも友情を説明しない。
背景と歴史
西洋哲学で友情だけに充てられた最初の文章であり、アリストテレスが『ニコマコス倫理学』第八巻と第九巻を書いたときに前に置いていたものである。あちらは答えを出している。この順で読むと、一つの伝統がどう建っていくかが見える。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
Have I not heard some one say, as I just now recollect, that the like is the greatest enemy of the like, the good of the good?--Yes, and he quoted the authority of Hesiod, who says: 'Potter quarrels with potter, bard with bard, Beggar with beggar;' and of all other things he affirmed, in like manner, 'That of necessity the most like are most full of envy, strife, and hatred of one another, and the most unlike, of friendship. For the poor man is compelled to be the friend of the rich, and the weak requires the aid of the strong, and the sick man of the physician; and every one who is ignorant, has to love and court him who knows.' And indeed he went on to say in grandiloquent language, that the idea of friendship existing between similars is not the truth, but the very reverse of the truth, and that the most opposed are the most friendly; for that everything desires not like but that which is most unlike: for example, the dry desires the moist, the cold the hot, the bitter the sweet, the sharp the blunt, the void the full, the full the void, and so of all other things; for the opposite is the food of the opposite, whereas like receives nothing from like. And I thought that he who said this was a charming man, and that he spoke well. What do the rest of you say? I should say, at first hearing, that he is right, said Menexenus. Then we are to say that the greatest friendship is of opposites? Exactly. Yes, Menexenus; but will not that be a monstrous answer? and will not the all-wise eristics be down upon us in triumph, and ask, fairly enough, whether love is not the very opposite of hate; and what answer shall we make to them--must we not admit that they speak the truth? We must. They will then proceed to ask whether the enemy is the friend of the friend, or the friend the friend of the enemy? Neither, he replied. Well, but is a just man the friend of the unjust, or the temperate of the intemperate, or the good of the bad?…