メノン
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- 良好なテキスト
- 分量:
- 約 21,900 語 · 104 節
この作品を引用
- APAプラトン. (n.d.). メノン. SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/meno
- MLAプラトン. "メノン." SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/meno.
- Chicagoプラトン. メノン. SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/meno.
何についての本か
徳は教えられるか。この問いはもっと大きな問いへ開く。何であるかを知らないものを、どうやって探せるのか。プラトンの答えは、学ぶこととは想起することだ、というものであり、彼は教育を受けていない奴隷に幾何学の証明をたどらせてそれを示してみせる。
背景と歴史
想起説の生まれた場所であり、奴隷の場面は、知が全部外から得られるのではないという最初の議論である。メノンのパラドクス——知らないものは探せない——は、認識論でも機械学習でもいまなお生きている。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
This Dialogue begins abruptly with a question of Meno, who asks, 'whether virtue can be taught.' Socrates replies that he does not as yet know what virtue is, and has never known anyone who did. 'Then he cannot have met Gorgias when he was at Athens.' Yes, Socrates had met him, but he has a bad memory, and has forgotten what Gorgias said. Will Meno tell him his own notion, which is probably not very different from that of Gorgias? 'O yes--nothing easier: there is the virtue of a man, of a woman, of an old man, and of a child; there is a virtue of every age and state of life, all of which may be easily described.' Socrates reminds Meno that this is only an enumeration of the virtues and not a definition of the notion which is common to them all. In a second attempt Meno defines virtue to be 'the power of command.' But to this, again, exceptions are taken. For there must be a virtue of those who obey, as well as of those who command; and the power of command must be justly or not unjustly exercised. Meno is very ready to admit that justice is virtue: 'Would you say virtue or a virtue, for there are other virtues, such as courage, temperance, and the like; just as round is a figure, and black and white are colours, and yet there are other figures and other colours. Let Meno take the examples of figure and colour, and try to define them.' Meno confesses his inability, and after a process of interrogation, in which Socrates explains to him the nature of a 'simile in multis,' Socrates himself defines figure as 'the accompaniment of colour.' But some one may object that he does not know the meaning of the word 'colour;' and if he is a candid friend, and not a mere disputant, Socrates is willing to furnish him with a simpler and more philosophical definition, into which no disputed word is allowed to intrude: 'Figure is the limit of form.…