パルメニデス
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 35,200 語 · 167 節
この作品を引用
- APAプラトン. (n.d.). Parmenides [パルメニデス]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/parmenides
- MLAプラトン. Parmenides [パルメニデス]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/parmenides.
- Chicagoプラトン. Parmenides [パルメニデス]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/parmenides.
収録版の書誌情報です。SigPhi はデジタル複製です。判明している刊行年・出版社・翻訳者を記載し、年が不明の場合は「n.d.」と示します。
何についての本か
若いソクラテスが老パルメニデスに弁証の打撃を受け、イデア論はプラトンがついに答えない反論によって解体される。
背景と歴史
プラトンがどの論敵よりも厳しくプラトンを批判している文章であり、そこには「第三人間」論法もある。普遍者の理論に対する標準的な反論として、いまもそれは使われている。後半の、一者についての八つの演繹は、新プラトン主義の全体を養った。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
have divided the two spheres, and forbidden any passing from one to the other:--the gods have knowledge and authority in their world only, as we have in ours.' 'Yet, surely, to deprive God of knowledge is monstrous.'--'These are some of the difficulties which are involved in the assumption of absolute ideas; the learner will find them nearly impossible to understand, and the teacher who has to impart them will require superhuman ability; there will always be a suspicion, either that they have no existence, or are beyond human knowledge.' 'There I agree with you,' said Socrates. 'Yet if these difficulties induce you to give up universal ideas, what becomes of the mind? and where are the reasoning and reflecting powers? philosophy is at an end.' 'I certainly do not see my way.' 'I think,' said Parmenides, 'that this arises out of your attempting to define abstractions, such as the good and the beautiful and the just, before you have had sufficient previous training; I noticed your deficiency when you were talking with Aristoteles, the day before yesterday. Your enthusiasm is a wonderful gift; but I fear that unless you discipline yourself by dialectic while you are young, truth will elude your grasp.' 'And what kind of discipline would you recommend?' 'The training which you heard Zeno practising; at the same time, I admire your saying to him that you did not care to consider the difficulty in reference to visible objects, but only in relation to ideas.' 'Yes; because I think that in visible objects you may easily show any number of inconsistent consequences.' 'Yes; and you should consider, not only the consequences which follow from a given hypothesis, but the consequences also which follow from the denial of the hypothesis.…