SigPhiSigPhi

ピレボス

プラトン

言語:
英語
翻訳:
Benjamin Jowett
状態:
完全な作品
著者性:
著者自身による
テキストの状態:
良好なテキスト
分量:
約 24,800 語 · 118
この作品を引用
  • APAプラトン. (n.d.). ピレボス. SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/philebus
  • MLAプラトン. "ピレボス." SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/philebus.
  • Chicagoプラトン. ピレボス. SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/plato/philebus.

何についての本か

善とは快なのか、それとも知なのか。答えはどちらか一方ではない。善き生は混合であり、対話篇はその配分を言おうとする。

背景と歴史

最も後期の、そして最も難しいものの一つである。純粋な快と苦の混ざった快の区別——アリストテレスが受け継ぐことになる——を導入し、ピュタゴラス派から直接来ている限と無限の分析もある。プラトンが節度の倫理に最も近づいた文章である。

これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。

冒頭
SOCRATES: Observe, Protarchus, the nature of the position which you are now going to take from Philebus, and what the other position is which I maintain, and which, if you do not approve of it, is to be controverted by you. Shall you and I sum up the two sides? PROTARCHUS: By all means. SOCRATES: Philebus was saying that enjoyment and pleasure and delight, and the class of feelings akin to them, are a good to every living being, whereas I contend, that not these, but wisdom and intelligence and memory, and their kindred, right opinion and true reasoning, are better and more desirable than pleasure for all who are able to partake of them, and that to all such who are or ever will be they are the most advantageous of all things. Have I not given, Philebus, a fair statement of the two sides of the argument? PHILEBUS: Nothing could be fairer, Socrates. SOCRATES: And do you, Protarchus, accept the position which is assigned to you? PROTARCHUS: I cannot do otherwise, since our excellent Philebus has left the field. SOCRATES: Surely the truth about these matters ought, by all means, to be ascertained. PROTARCHUS: Certainly. SOCRATES: Shall we further agree-- PROTARCHUS: To what? SOCRATES: That you and I must now try to indicate some state and disposition of the soul, which has the property of making all men happy. PROTARCHUS: Yes, by all means. SOCRATES: And you say that pleasure, and I say that wisdom, is such a state? PROTARCHUS: True. SOCRATES: And what if there be a third state, which is better than either? Then both of us are vanquished--are we not? But if this life, which really has the power of making men happy, turn out to be more akin to pleasure than to wisdom, the life of pleasure may still have the advantage over the life of wisdom. PROTARCHUS: True. SOCRATES: Or suppose that the better life is more nearly allied to wisdom, then wisdom conquers, and pleasure is defeated;--do you agree?…

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