哲学辞典 第06巻
⚠️ 内容に関する注意
- 言語:
- 英語
- 状態:
- 完全な作品
- 著者性:
- 著者自身による
- テキストの状態:
- スキャンのノイズは検出されていません (全文に対する自動測定で、人の目では確認していません)
- 分量:
- 約 79,400 語 · 377 節
この作品を引用
- APAヴォルテール. (n.d.). A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 06 [哲学辞典 第06巻]. Digital reproduction: SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/voltaire/a-philosophical-dictionary-volume-06
- MLAヴォルテール. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 06 [哲学辞典 第06巻]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi, https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/voltaire/a-philosophical-dictionary-volume-06.
- Chicagoヴォルテール. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 06 [哲学辞典 第06巻]. Digital reproduction, SigPhi. https://sigphiai.com/ja/works/voltaire/a-philosophical-dictionary-volume-06.
SigPhi が再現している版の参照です。SigPhi はそのデジタル再現であり、出版者ではありません。版の刊行年はメタデータにないため「n.d.」とし、訳者は記録がある場合のみ記します。
何についての本か
十巻本『哲学辞典』の第六巻。「狂信」から「無知」まで。「戦争」が入っており、そこで彼は戦争をあらゆる犯罪の総和だと言っている。
背景と歴史
体裁がそのまま議論である。辞典は引くものであって通して読むものではない。そのおかげで全体としては論駁しようがなく、地下で回すのも容易だった。ヴォルテールは一七六四年に匿名で出し、この本はジュネーヴでもパリでも焼かれた。 版についての注意：目録には『哲学辞典』の版が**二つ**ある。この十巻本と、一巻本の『Voltaire's Philosophical Dictionary』である。重複ではない。選び方も訳も違い、項目は一対一で対応していない。原文はフランス語である。
これは編集上の背景であり、引用できる典拠ではありません。作品本文の一節とは異なり、これらの記述はコーパスで検証できません。
God bestowed upon them, to measure and arrange in their respective stations the heavenly bodies, other nations more gross and unintelligent made no advance towards imitating them. These childish and savage populations imagined the earth to be flat, supported, I know not how, by its own weight in the air; the sun, moon, and stars to move continually upon a solid vaulted roof called a firmament; and this roof to sustain waters, and have flood-gates at regular distances, through which these waters issued to moisten and fertilize the earth. But how did the sun, the moon, and all the stars reappear after their setting? Of this they know nothing at all. The heaven touched the flat earth: and there were no means by which the sun, moon, and stars could turn under the earth, and go to rise in the east after having set in the west. It is true that these children of ignorance were right by chance in not entertaining the idea that the sun and fixed stars moved, round the earth. But they were far from conceiving that the sun was immovable, and the earth with its satellite revolving round him in space together with the other planets. Their fables were more distant from the true system of the world than darkness from light. They thought that the sun and stars returned by certain unknown roads after having refreshed themselves for their course at some spot, not precisely ascertained, in the Mediterranean Sea. This was the amount of astronomy, even in the time of Homer, who is comparatively recent; for the Chaldæans kept their science to themselves, in order to obtain thereby, greater respect from other nations. Homer says, more than once, that the sun plunges into the ocean--and this ocean, be it observed, is nothing but the Nile--here, by the freshness of the waters, he repairs during the night the fatigue and exhaustion of the day, after which, he goes to the place of his regular rising by ways unknown to mortals.…